LOCATION ZUMAN OR+CAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Typic Halaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Zuman silty clay loam, pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Akz--0 to 4 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam, gray (10YR 6/1) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, sticky and plastic; many very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.6); clear wavy boundary. (2 to 11 inches thick)
Ckz1--4 to 13 inches; gray (5Y 6/1) silty clay loam, light gray (5Y 7/1) dry; common medium faint dark gray (10YR 4/1) mottles; moderate medium platy structure; slightly hard, friable, sticky and plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.6); clear wavy boundary. (7 to 12 inches thick)
Ckz2--13 to 17 inches; grayish brown (5Y 5/2) sandy clay loam, light gray (5Y 7/2) dry; common medium faint dark gray (10YR 4/1) mottles; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; many very fine pores; strongly effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.6); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 7 inches thick)
2C1--17 to 24 inches; very dark gray (N 3/) and dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) fine sand, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dry; many medium faint dark gray (N 4/) mottles; massive; soft, very friable; few very fine roots; many very fine pores; weakly effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
2C2--24 to 30 inches; very dark gray (N 3/) fine sand, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) dry; many medium distinct olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) mottles; massive; soft, very friable; many very fine pores; weakly effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.6); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
2C3--30 to 37 inches; black (10YR 2/1) fine sand, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; common medium distinct olvie brown (2.5Y 4/4) mottles; massive; hard, firm; many very fine pores; weakly effervescent; compact layer that slakes readily in water; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.6); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 8 inches thick)
2C4--37 to 60 inches; black (N 2/) fine sand, dark gray (N 4/) dry; massive; hard, firm, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine pores; weakly effervescent; compact layer that slakes readily in water; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.6).
TYPE LOCATION: Klamath County, Oregon; about 15 miles south of Klamath Falls on bottom of Miller Lake, about 10 feet north of the Oregon-California State Line; 3,400 feet east and 2,400 feet south of the northwest corner section 15, T. 41 S., R. 8 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Mean annual soil temperature ranges from 48 to 50 degrees F. The soils have an aquic moisture regime. Exchangeable sodium exceeds 15 percent in all or part of the upper 20 inches of the profile and is variable with depth below 20 inches. Conductivity ranges from about 2 to 16 mmhos per cubic centimeter in the upper part of the profile.
The A horizon has value of 3 to 5 moist, 6 or 7 dry, and chroma of 0 through 2 moist and dry.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5Y, 5Y, neutral, or 10YR. The IC horizon has value of 4 through 6 moist, 6 or 7 dry, and chroma of 0 through 2 moist and dry in the matrix. Mottles have value of 3 or 4 and chroma of 0 through 4 moist. It is silty clay loam, clay loam or sandy clay loam.
The 2C horizon has value of 2 through 4 moist, 4 or 5 dry, and chroma of 0 through 2 moist and dry. It is loamy fine sand or fine sand. It has 40 to 80 percent mafic minerals.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series; the Hovde series is similar. Hovde soils are sandy-skeletal.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Zuman soils are on lake beds on flood plains. Elevation ranges from 4,050 to 4,080 feet. The soils formed in predominantly sandy lucustrine sediments weathered mainly from tuff, diatomite, and basalt. The climate is warm and dry in summer and cold and moist in winter. The mean annual precipitation is 10 to 14 inches. The mean January temperature is about 28 degrees F., the mean July temperature is about 67 degrees F., and the average annual temperature is about 45 to 49 degrees F. The frost-free period is 80 to 110 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Algoma and Malin soils. Algoma and Malin soils have mollic epipedons. Algoma soils also are silt or silt loam with less than 18 percent clay to depths of 20 to 40 inches. Malin soils are fine-loamy.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained; very slow runoff or ponded; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: The soils are used for pasture and wildlife habitat. Vegetation mainly is inland saltgrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Klamath Basin in South-central Oregon and North-central California. The soil is inextensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Klamath County, Oregon, 1977.
REMARKS:
The superactive cation exchange activity class was added in 03/2003 to the taxonomic classification by the National Soil Survey Center on request of the Reno MLRA office, without review of the soil series property data. The remainder of this document has not been updated.