LOCATION LAFAYETTE IN
Established Series
Rev. TRZ-JRB-TJE
07/2011
LAFAYETTE SERIES
The Lafayette series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that are deep or very deep to calcareous stratified sandy and gravelly outwash. Lafayette soils formed in loess or other silty material and in the underlying loamy and gravelly outwash. They are on outwash plains and stream terraces. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 914 mm (36 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 10.0 degrees C (50 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic Argiudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Lafayette silt loam, on a 1 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 215 meters (705 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soils unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 25 cm (10 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; many very fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--25 to 33 cm (10 to 13 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine roots; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the A horizon is 25 to 38 cm (10 to 15 inches).]
Bt1--33 to 56 cm (13 to 22 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine roots; common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; common distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic coatings on faces of peds; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; common fine faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--56 to 84 cm (22 to 33 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine roots; common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; common distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic coatings on faces of peds; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; many medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 36 to 76 cm (14 to 30 inches).]
2Bt3--84 to 119 cm (33 to 47 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; few distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic coatings on faces of peds; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; common medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) iron-manganese masses; many medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; 10 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. [15 to 46 cm (6 to 18 inches) thick]
3Bt4--119 to 155 cm (47 to 61 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay bridging between sand grains; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; many medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) iron-manganese masses; common medium faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; 20 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [25 to 48 cm (10 to 19 inches) thick]
3Cg--155 to 178 cm (61 to 70 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) very gravelly coarse sand; single grain; loose; 40 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Warren County, Indiana; about 1 mile east of Stewart; 1,800 feet west and 400 feet north of the southeast corner of sec. 8, T. 22 N., R. 9 W.; USGS West Lebanon, Ind. topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 21 minutes 39.7 seconds N. and long. 87 degrees 27 minutes 35.8 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 460944 easting and 4467933 northing, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 140 to 178 cm (55 to 70 inches)
Thickness of the loess or other silty material: 61 to 102 cm (24 to 40 inches)
Ap or A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3
Chroma: 1 or 2
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral depending on liming history
Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid
2Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: sandy clay loam
Rock fragment content: 5 to 14 percent gravel
Reaction: moderately acid or slightly acid
3Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR or is neutral
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 0 to 3
Texture: gravelly sandy loam or gravelly loam
Rock fragment content: 15 to 34 percent
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral
3Cg horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: gravelly loamy coarse sand, very gravelly coarse sand, or gravelly coarse sand
Rock fragment content: 25 to 50 percent gravel
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline; carbonates are present
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Arrowsmith,
Bearpen,
Brenton,
Edwardsville,
Elburn,
Grundelein,
Hacreek,
Harco,
Higginsville,
Keller,
Lawndale,
Lisbon,
Lismod,
Loran,
Mundelein,
Muscatune,
Nira,
Raub,
Rooks,
Rowley, and
Shannondale series. Arrowsmith, Bearpen, Brenton, Edwardsville, Elburn, Hacreek, Harco, Higginsville, Keller, Lawndale, Lisbon, Lismod, Mundelein, Muscatune, Nira, Raub, Rooks, Rowley, and Shannondale soils have less than 15 percent rock fragments in the lower part of the series control section. Grundelein soils have sola less than 140 cm (55 inches) thick. Loran soils have a paralithic contact within a depth of 152 cm (60 inches).
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lafayette soils are on outwash plains and stream terraces. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. The soils formed in 61 to 102 cm (24 to 40 inches) of loess or other silty material and in the underlying loamy and gravelly outwash. They are deep or very deep to calcareous stratified sandy and gravelly outwash. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 889 to 965 mm (35 to 38 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 9.4 to 11.1 degrees C (49 to 52 degrees F). Frost-free period is 150 to 180 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the well drained
Waupecan soils and the poorly drained
Drummer and
Mahalasville soils. Waupecan soils do not have redoximorphic features in the upper part of the subsoil and are on higher lying positions on stream terraces and outwash plains. Drummer and Mahalasville soils are on lower lying landform positions and have grayer subsoils. Where mapped in association with Lafayette soils, they have gravelly substrata.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Depth to the top of an intermittent apparent high water table ranges from 15 to 61 cm ( 0.5 to 2.0 feet) during the winter and spring months in normal years. Potential for surface runoff is negligible to low. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high in the solum and very high in the underlying material. Permeability is moderate in the upper part of the solum, moderate or moderately rapid in the lower part of the solum, and very rapid in the underlying material.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly cultivated to corn, soybeans, wheat, and hay. Native vegetation is tall prairie grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 110 and 111D in west-central Indiana. The type location is in MLRA 110. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Warren County, Indiana, 1987.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 33 cm (Ap, A horizons).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 33 to 155 cm (Bt, 2Bt, 3Bt horizons).
Aquic conditions: redoximorphic features in all horizons below a depth of 33 cm.
Representative NASIS data mapunit for this pedon is DMU ID 153443 in MO 11.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.