LOCATION LINO MN+WI
Established Series
Rev. LMC-KRV-AGG-KDS
01/2011
LINO SERIES
The Lino series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in sandy glacial outwash or eolian sediments on outwash plains and valley trains. These soils have rapid permeability. Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 26 inches. Mean annual air temperature is about 44 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, frigid Aquic Udipsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Lino loamy fine sand with a plane slope of 1 percent on a glacial outwash plain in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loamy fine sand; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
Bw1--7 to 16 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sand; many medium faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) Fe depletions and distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) Fe concentrations; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bw2--16 to 45 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) fine sand; many coarse prominent reddish brown (5YR 5/3) and yellowish red (5YR 4/6) Fe concentrations; single grain; loose; Fe concentrations mostly vertically oriented and very weakly cemented when dry; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizons is 18 to 40 inches.)
C--45 to 60 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sand; many coarse prominent reddish brown (5YR 5/4 and 4/3) and faint brown (10YR 5/3) Fe concentrations and distinct gray (10YR 6/1) Fe depletions; massive breaking readily to single grained; very friable; reddish brown and brown Fe concentrations weakly cemented when dry; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Anoka County, Minnesota; about 3 miles north and 1 mile east of Circle Pines; about 2,030 feet west and 1,400 feet north of the southeast corner of sec. 7, T. 31 N., R. 22 W.; USGS Circle Pines quadrangle; lat. 45 degrees 11 minutes 10 seconds N. and long. 93 degrees 7 minutes 50 seconds W., NAD27
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to free carbonates ranges from 50 to 100 inches or more. The series control section and C horizon do not have rock fragments. Quartz comprises about 70 to 85 percent of the sand fraction. Typically, the particle-size control section averages fine sand, but sand is within the range. The content of coarse and very coarse sand ranges from 0 to 5 percent in the particle-size control section.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is loamy fine sand, loamy sand, fine sandy loam, or fine sand. It is strongly acid or moderately acid.
Some pedons have an E horizon ranging to as much as 6 inches in thickness with hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. It has few to many, faint to prominent redox features. The reddish brown Fe concentrations commonly are weakly cemented. Colors with chromas of 2 or less occur as either the matrix or as Fe depletions above a depth of 40 inches. The Bw horizon typically is fine sand, but sand, loamy fine sand or loamy sand in the upper part is within the range. It is strongly acid or moderately acid.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 4. It has common or many redox features. It is fine sand or sand. It is strongly acid to slightly acid.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Aylmer,
Hiwood,
Meehan,
Poppleton,
Redby,
Rushlake, and
Winterfield series. Aylmer, Poppleton, and Rushlake soils have pH greater than 6.0 in the series control section. Hiwood, Poppleton, and Redby soils are substantially drier in the soil moisture control section during the 120 days following the summer solstice. Hiwood soils also contain more than 5 percent coarse and very coarse sand. Meehan and Rushlake soils have more than 5 percent coarse and very coarse sand in the particle-size control section. Winterfield soils have an irregular decrease in organic matter with increasing depth.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lino soils have slightly concave to slightly convex slopes on glacial outwash plains. Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent. They formed in sandy sediments of glacial outwash or eolian origin. The deposits are of Late Wisconsinan Age. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 37 to 45 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 24 to 33 inches. Frost-free days range from 90 to 150. Elevation above sea level ranges from 700 to 1400 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the poorly and very poorly drained
Isanti soils, the excessively drained
Zimmerman and
Sartell soils, and the moderately well drained
Friendship soils which form a hydrosequence with the Lino soils. The poorly drained
Blomford soils, the well drained
Anoka soils, and the somewhat poorly drained
Soderville soils are also closely associated in some places.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Surface runoff is very low. Permeability is rapid. An apparent water table is at 1.5 to 3.0 feet during November to June in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Approximately 50 percent of these soils are cropped to soybeans and corn. The remaining areas are in pasture, forested pasture, or forest. Native vegetation was deciduous forest with red and bur oak, aspen, and some water tolerant grasses being the dominant plants.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East-central Minnesota and west-central Wisconsin. Moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Isanti County, Minnesota, 1956.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to 7 inches (Ap horizon); udic moisture regime; aquic subgroup - low chroma redox depletions above 1 meter. 1/19/2011-TYPE LOCATION error was corrected.
Competing series not updated on 6/97.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to MAES CFC 1073 for laboratory data of the typical pedon and to CFC 1571 for an additional pedon. SIR # MN0251.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.