LOCATION MADALIN NY
Established Series
Rev. RLM-LWK-JDP
01/2014
MADALIN SERIES
The Madalin series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils on lake plains and depressions in the uplands. They formed in water-deposited materials. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately low or moderately high to low throughout the soil. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual temperature is about 8 degrees C., and mean annual precipitation is about 995 mm.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, illitic, mesic Mollic Endoaqualfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Madalin silt loam - idle. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 20 centimeters; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam, gray (10YR 5/1), dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; slightly acid, pH 6.3; abrupt smooth boundary. (10 to 23 centimeters thick)
Btg1--20 to 41 centimeters; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; fine roots; continuous grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on all faces of peds and continuous grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on surfaces along pores; 10 percent medium distinct brown (7.5YR 5/4) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; neutral, pH 7.0; clear wavy boundary.
Btg2--41 to 64 centimeters; brown (7.5YR 5/2) silty clay; strong medium subangular blocky structure; firm; continuous gray (10YR 6/1) clay films on all faces of peds and continuous gray (10YR 6/1) clay films on surfaces along pores; 2 percent fine faint light gray (10YR 7/1) iron depletions, and 25 percent medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; neutral, pH 7.0; clear wavy boundary.
Btg3--64 to 84 centimeters; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; fine pores; patchy light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay films on all faces of peds and patchy light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay films on surfaces along pores; 25 percent medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly alkaline, pH 7.6; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon ranges from 38 to 114 centimeters.)
C--84 to 132 centimeters; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) stratified silt to clay; moderate medium platy structure; firm; 10 percent medium distinct gray (N 6/) iron depletions, and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; moderately alkaline, pH 8.2.
TYPE LOCATION: Orleans County, New York; Town of Carlton, about 91 m south of Ashwood Road and 8 m east of the Yates-Carlton Town Line Road; USGS Ashwood, NY topographic quadrangle; 43.3223 N, 78.3097 W (WGS84).
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 60 to 120 cm. Depth to carbonates ranges from 60 to 150 cm. Depth to bedrock ranges from 150 cm to 9 m or more. Rock fragments range from 0 to 2 percent in the solum and 0 to 20 percent in the C horizon.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, with values of 2 or 3, and chroma of 0 to 2 , moist, and with values of 5 or less, dry . Texture of the fine earth fraction is silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, or silty clay. Structure is granular or blocky. Consistence is friable or very friable. Reaction ranges from strongly acid through slightly alkaline.
The Eg, where present, has hue of 7.5YR through 5Y or neutral, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 0 to 2. Texture is silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, or silty clay, with redox concentrations and/or depletions. Consistence is friable or firm. Reaction ranges from strongly acid through slightly alkaline. Horizon thickness ranges from 0 to 15 cm.
The Btg horizons have hues of 7.5YR through 5Y, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 1 through 6 with chroma of 3 through 6 restricted to depths greater than 30 inches. Some pedons have hue of 5G and 5GY. Few to many, faint to prominent redoximorphic features are present. Texture of the fine earth fraction is silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay with a weighted average of 35 to 60 percent clay. Structure is weak through strong, angular or subangular blocky within prisms in most pedons. Consistence is firm or very firm. Reaction ranges from moderately acid through slightly alkaline.
Some pedons have a BC horizon. It has a hue of 5YR through 5Y, value of 3 through 5, and chroma from 0 through 3. Some pedons have hue of 5G and 5GY. Structure is weak subangular, or the material is massive within varves in most pedons.
The C horizon has hue of 5YR through 5Y, value of 3 through 6, and chroma of 1 through 3. Some pedons have hue of 5G or 5GY. Texture of the fine earth fraction is silt loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay. The material is massive with varves separated by silt lenses in most pedons. Reaction ranges from moderately alkaline to neutral.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no known competing series in the same family.
Covington,
Hoytville,
Lakemont,
Lorain,
Miner, and
Monee soils are similar soils in related families. Covington soils have a weighted average of more than 60 percent clay (by weight) in the fine-earth fraction. Hoytville, Lorain, Miner, and Monee soils have episaturation. Lakemont soils have hues of 2.5YR through 7.5YR in the Btg horizons. Lakemont soils have hues of 2.5YR through 7.5YR in the Btg horizons.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Madalin soils formed in glacial lake sediments, on lake plains and in depressions in the uplands. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 5 to 10 degrees C; mean annual precipitation ranges from 790 to 1440 mm, and mean frost-free period ranges from 140 to 180 days. Elevation ranges from 70 to 550 m above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Arkport,
Bath,
Danley,
Dunkirk,
Fonda,
Honeoye,
Howard,
Hudson,
Langford,
Lansing,
Ontario,
Palmyra, and
Rhinebeck soils. Arkport and Dunkirk soils formed in silty to fine sand deltaic deposits. Bath, Danley, Honeoye, Langford, Lansing, and Ontario soils formed in till. Howard and Palmyra soils formed in glacial outwash. Hudson soils formed in materials similar to that of Madalin soils but are moderately well drained. Rhinebeck soils formed in similar materials but are somewhat poorly drained. Fonda soils lack an argillic horizon and have more than 10 percent organic matter in the A horizon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff is negligible to very high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately low or moderately high in the surface and subsurface to moderately low or low in the subsoil and substratum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Cleared areas are used for growing hay and pasture. Some areas have been drained sufficiently to permit production of corn and small grains. Native vegetation is red maple, elm, white ash, hickory, oak, white cedar, hemlock, and white pine.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Erie and Ontario lake plains and the Ontario Lowlands of New Yorkl and the Mohawk and Hudson Valleys, and other larger valleys of the Allegheny Plateau in New York. MLRAs 101, 140, 142, and 144A. The series is moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Dutchess County, New York, 1938.
REMARKS: This series was previously defined as poorly and very poorly drained. The very poorly was removed.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in the typical pedon (NASIS User Pedon ID 77NY073003) include:
1. Mollic subgroup - meets the requirements for mollic epipedon, except thickness, after mixing the upper 18cm where the Ap horizon is less than 25 cm thick and the lower boundary of the argillic horizon is below 75 cm.
2. Argillic horizon - from 20 to 84 cm (Btg1, Btg2, Btg3 horizons).
3. Endoaqualfs great group - Endosaturation from 20 cm (Btg1 horizon) to more than 200 cm.
4. Aquic moisture regime as evidenced by redoximorphic features in all layers between 25 cm and 40 cm, and within the upper 12.5 cm of the argillic horizon, more than 50% redox depletions with a chroma of 2 or less on faces of peds (reduced matrix in all subsurface horizons), and redox concentrations within peds.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.