LOCATION NESKOWIN OREstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial, ferrihydritic, isomesic Typic Fulvudands
TYPICAL PEDON: Neskowin medial silt loam, on a northwest-facing slope of 10 percent under a coniferous forest at 770 feet elevation. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Oi--0 to 1 inch; mat of partially decomposed moss, needles, and twigs.
A1--1 to 5 inches; black (5YR 2/1) medial silt loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) dry; strong very fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic, weakly smeary; common fine roots; many fine irregular pores; 5 percent gravel; common 1 to 2 mm concretions; very strongly acid (pH 4.6); clear wavy boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
A2--5 to 20 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) medial silt loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) dry; strong fine subangular blocky parting to strong fine granular; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic, weakly smeary; common fine roots; many fine tubular and irregular pores; 5 percent gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear wavy boundary. (7 to 15 inches thick)
Bw--20 to 24 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) medial silt loam, brown (10YR 4/3) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic, weakly smeary; common fine roots; many fine irregular and tubular pores; 5 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); clear wavy boundary. (4 to 25 inches thick)
R--24 inches; basalt rock.
TYPE LOCATION: Lincoln County, Oregon; 2,000 feet west and 1,400 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 3, T. 15 S., R. 12 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature ranges from 50 to 54 degrees F. The difference between mean summer and mean winter soil temperature varies from 5 to 9 degrees F. under canopy cover. The soil is usually moist and is dry in all parts between the depths of 4 and 12 inches for less than 45 consecutive days during the four month period following the summer solstice. Depth to bedrock is 20 to 40 inches. The umbric epipedon is more than 20 inches thick. The particle-size control section has less than 35 percent rock fragments. It has an estimated phosphate-retention of 95 to 100 percent, Alox + Feox of 2.0 to 4.0 percent, moist bulk density of 0.75 to 0.90 g/cc, and 15-bar moisture (dried) of 20 to 35 percent.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR to 5YR, value of 2 or 3 moist and dry, chroma 1 to 3 moist and dry. It is medial silt loam, medial loam, or medial silty clay loam and has 10 to 15 percent organic matter. It has 0 to 10 percent gravel, 0 to 10 percent cobbles, 0 to 10 percent paragravel and 15 to 30 percent clay by field estimate.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR to 5YR, value of 2 to 4 moist, 4 or 5 dry, and chroma of 2 or 3 moist, 2 to 4 dry. Dark colored stains and coatings are common in channels and pores in some pedons. It is medial silt loam, medial loam, medial silty clay loam, or medial clay loam with 15 to 30 percent clay by field estimate. It has 0 to 25 percent gravel, 0 to 15 percent cobbles, and 0 to 10 percent paragravel.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Calaway, Ilwaco, Klootchie, Knappton, Lint, Lytell, Mopang, Narel, Neotsu, Newskah, Palix, Queets and Salander series.
Calawah soils - greater than 60 inches to bedrock
Ilwaco soils - greater than 60 inches to bedrock
Klootchie soils - 40 to more than 60 inches to paralithic contact of basalt breccia
Knappton soils - 40 to more than 60 inches to paralithic contact of basalt
Lint soils - greater than 60 inches to bedrock; lack rock and pararock fragments within the upper 40 inches or more
Lytell soils - 40 to more than 60 inches to paralithic contact; 5 to 20 percent volcanic glass within the pscs
Mopang soils - 50 to 60 inches to cemented glacial till
Narel soils - 40 to more than 60 inches to paralithic contact of feldsparic sandstone
Neotsu soils - 20 to 40 inches to paralithic contact of basalt; umbric epipedon 12 to 20 inches thick
Newskah soils - greater than 60 inches to bedrock
Palix soils - 40 to 60 inches to paralithic contact of siltstone or sandstone; 20 to 80 percent parafragments
Queets soils - greater than 60 inches to bedrock; 10 to 18 percent clay in pscs
Salander soils - greater than 60 inches to bedrock; umbric epipedon greater than 20 inches thick
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Neskowin soils are on coasal hills, mountains, and headlands adjacent to the Pacific Ocean at elevations of 50 to 1,800 feet. Slopes are 5 to 100 percent. They formed in moderately fine textured colluvium weathered from basic igneous rocks. The climate is cool and humid. The mean annual precipitation is 70 to 110 inches. The mean January temperature is 42 degrees F. and the mean July temperature is 61 degrees F. The mean annual temperature is 46 to 52 degrees F. The frost-free period is 120 to 210 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Fendall, Necanicum, Reedsport, Templeton, Tolovana, and the competing Klootchie and Neotsu soils. Fendall and Reedsport soils are over a paralithic contact. In addition, Fendall soils have a fine particle-size family class and Reedsport soils have a fine-loamy family class. Necanicum soils are deeper than 40 inches to basalt bedrock and have more than 35 percent rock fragments in the texture control section. Templeton soils are deeper than 40 inches to bedrock and have a fine-silty particle-size family class. Tolovana soils are medial over loamy in the particle-size control section and are more than 60 inches deep to bedrock. All of these soils are on summits and side slopes of coastal hills and mountains.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium or rapid runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used mainly for timber production. Other uses include pasture, recreation, and water supply. Native vegetation is mainly Sitka spruce and western hemlock with an understory of western swordfern, salal, salmonberry, thimbleberry, red huckleberry, evergreen huckleberry, and red elderberry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Fog belt areas in the Coast Range of Oregon; MLRA 4A. The soils are not extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Tillamook County, Oregon, 1961.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features of this pedon include:
Umbric epipedon - from 1 to 24 inches (A1, A2, and Bw horizons).
Andic soil properties - 1 to 24 inches (A1, A2, and Bw horizons)
Particle-size control section - from 1 to 24 inches
Lithic contact - 24 inches.
The type location and a change in classification occurred on 4/90 from Medial, isomesic Typic Dystrandepts to Medial, isomesic Alic Fulvudands. This reclassification is based on addition of the Andisol Order in Soil Taxonomy.
Depth to diagnostic horizons and features are measured from the top of the first mineral layer.