LOCATION SANGO TN AL KYEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-silty, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Glossic Fragiudults
TYPICAL PEDON: Sango silt loam--forest(Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 1 inch; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam; moderate medium and fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 2 inches thick)
E--1 to 11 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam; moderate medium granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; clear smooth boundary; very strongly acid. (0 to 14 inches thick)
Bw1--11 to 16 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bw2--16 to 27 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) siltloam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few fine dark brown (10YR3/3) and black (N2.5/0) iron and manganese concretions;; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Bw horizon 10 to 20 inches thick)
Bx/E--27 to 31 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) silt loam (B part), moderate medium platy structure parting to moderate medium and fine angular and subangular blocky; firm; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt loam (E part); weak fine and medium granular structure; very friable; few fine roots; few fine prominent gray (N6/0) silt coatings on ped faces; few fine dark brown (10YR 3/3) and black (N2.5/0) iron and manganese concretions; few fine yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses as iron accumulations; brittle in 40 percent of the mass; very strongly acid; clear irregular boundary. (2 to 5 inches thick)
Btx1--31 to 40 inches; 34 percent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4), 33 percent light gray (2.5Y 7/2), and 33 percent gray (N 6/0) silt loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky and weak fine platy; few very fine roots in vertical seams; many fine discontinuous pores; common fine distinct gray (N6/0) clay films on prism faces and lining vertical seams; common medium prominent light gray (2.5Y 7/2) silt coatings on prism faces and as vertical seams; few fine and medium dark brown (10YR 3/3) and black (N2.5/0) iron and manganese concretions; few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses as iron accumulations; brittle in 80 percent of the mass; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Btx2--40 to 54 inches; 26 percent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4), 25 percent light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), 25 percent gray (N 6/0), and 25 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium angular blocky and weak fine platy; many fine discontinuous pores; common fine distinct gray (N6/0) clay films on prism faces and lining vertical seams; common medium and coarse prominent light gray (2.5Y 7/2) and gray (N6/0) silt coatings on prism faces and as vertical seams; few fine and medium dark brown (10YR 3/3) and black (N2.5/0) iron and manganese concretions ; few fragments of chert 1/2 to 2 inches in diameter; brittle in 80 percent of the mass; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Btx3--54 to 66 inches; 50 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and 50 percent gray (N6/0) silt loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular and angular blocky; few discontinuous pores; common fine distinct gray (N6/0) clay films on prism faces and lining vertical seams; common medium and coarse prominent light gray (2.5Y 7/2)and gray (N6/0) silt coatings on prism faces and as vertical seams; few fine black (N2.5/0) and dark brown (10YR 3/3) iron and manganese concretions; approximately 10 percent fragments of chert; brittle in 70 percent of the mass; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Btx horizon 25 to greater than 40 inches)
2Bt--66 to 80 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) gravelly clay; moderate medium and coarse angular blocky structure; firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common fine and medium distinct gray (N5/0) clay films on faces of peds and as seams 3 to 10 mm wide extending throughout the horizon; few fine black (N2.5/0)and dark brown (10YR 3/3) iron and manganese concretions; common medium prominent gray (N6/0) iron depletions; few medium yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses as iron accumulations; approximately 20 percent fragments of chert; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (12 to 36 inches thick)
2C--80 to 100 inches; red (2.5YR 5/6) gravelly clay; massive; common fine distinct reddish brown (5YR 4/4) and few fine prominent gray (N6/0) clay flows as vertical seams; common fine black (N2.5/0) and dark brown (10YR 3/3) iron and manganese concretions; common fine to coarse prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses as iron accumulations and few fine prominent gray (N6/0) iron depletions in vertical seams; approximately 20 percent fragments of chert; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Coffee County, Tennessee; 0.5 mile south of Summitville on State Highway 55 and 2.2 miles west on gravel road to Clifton May home, 0.2 mile east of May home and 120 feet south of gravel road. USGS Quad: (unknown); latitude: (unknown); longitude: (unknown)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to bedrock is more than 72 inches. Thickness of the silty mantle ranges from 40 to 70 inches. Depth to the fragipan ranges from 18 to 30 inches. Rock fragments, 1/4 to 3 inches in diameter, range from 0 to 3 percent in the A, E, Bw, and B/E horizons, from 0 to 10 percent in the Btx horizon, and from 0 to 50 percent in the 2Bt and 2C horizons. Reaction in each horizon ranges from strongly acid to extremely acid, except where limed.
The A and Ap horizons have hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, values of 3 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 4. Texture is silt loam or rarely silt.
The E horizon and the E part of the B/E horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 3. Texture is silt loam or rarely silt.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, values of 5 or 6, and chromas of 3 to 6. Some pedons have redoximorphic features with chromas of 2 or less in the lower few inches of the Bw horizon. Texture is silt loam.
The B/E or E/B horizon has colors similar to the E and Bw horizons. Texture is silt loam or silt.
The Btx horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, values of 4 to 6, and chromas of 4 or 6. Common to many redoximorphic features are in shades of gray, brown, olive, and yellow. Some pedons are an evenly mottled pattern without a dominant matrix color. Texture is commonly silt loam throughout, but some pedons are silty clay loam in the lower part.
The 2Bt and 2C horizons have hue of 10YR to 2.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 or 6. Few to many redoximorphic features are in shades of brown, gray, and yellow. Texture of the fine-earth fraction is silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay, and rarely clay loam.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family. Soils in closely related families are the Cane, Dickson, Lax, Locust, Ora, Prentiss, Savannah, Sano, and Taft series. Each of these soils, except the Prentiss and Sano soils, have more than 18 percent clay in the control section between the base of the Ap horizon and the top of the fragipan. In addition, Cane, Locust, Ora, Prentiss, and Savannah soils have more than 15 percent fine and coarser sand; Sano soils have the same classification except are mesic, and Taft soils have gray mottles in the upper 10 inches of the control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Sango soils are on upland flats and in depressions. Slopes range from 0 to 4 percent. Some areas are ponded for short periods. The soils formed in a silty mantle, presumably loess, ranging from 40 to 70 inches or more in thickness, underlain by residuum of limestone or old alluvium which contains more clay than the silty mantle. Near the type location, mean annual temperature is 59.3 degrees F., and mean annual precipitation is 54.0 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the similar Dickson and Taft series and the Mountview and Sengtown soils, and the poorly drained Guthrie soils in lower positions and depressions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; very low to negligible runoff; moderate permeability above the fragipan and slow to very slow in the fragipan.
USE AND VEGETATION: About one-half of the soil is cleared and used for growing hay, pasture, soybeans, and some corn, and small grain. The native vegetation was forest of oaks, maples, and gums.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Highland Rim in Tennessee, Northern Alabama, Pennyroyal of Kentucky, and possibly Arkansas. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Stewart County, Tennessee; 1944.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 11 inches (A & E)
Cambic horizon - 11 to 27 inches (Bw)
Glossic horizon - 27 to 31 inches (B/E)
Fragipan - 31 to 66 inches (Btx)
Argillic horizon - 31 to 80 inches (Btx, 2Bt)