LOCATION SHANDEP                 IA+MN

Established Series
Rev. KDV-RJK-RJB
06/2015

SHANDEP SERIES

The Shandep series consists of very poorly and poorly drained soils formed in 100 to 150 centimeters of loamy alluvial sediments over sandy and gravelly outwash. These soils are in depressions or flats on stream terraces, flood plains and outwash plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 9 degrees C. Mean annual precipitation is about 775 millimeters.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Endoaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Shandep loam, in a depression, in a pasture of native prairie grasses. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

A1--0 to 13 centimeters; black (N 2/0) loam, black (N 2/0) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; few pebbles; slightly acid (pH 6.1 to 6.5); gradual smooth boundary.

A2--13 to 64 centimeters; black (N 2/0) clay loam, black (N 2/0) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; few pebbles; slightly acid (pH 6.1 to 6.5); gradual smooth boundary.

A3--64 to 74 centimeters; black (5Y 2/1) and very dark gray (5Y 3/1) clay loam, dark gray (5Y 4/1) and gray (5Y 5/1) dry; weak medium granular structure; friable; few pebbles; slightly acid (pH 6.1 to 6.5); clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon is 60 to 90 centimeters.)

Bg1--74 to 94 centimeters; dark gray (5Y 4/1) clay loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few pebbles; slightly acid (pH 6.1 to 6.5); gradual wavy boundary.

Bg2--94 to 114 centimeters; gray (5Y 5/1) loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few pebbles; slightly acid (pH 6.1 to 6.5); clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bg horizon is 40 to 60 centimeters.)

2Cg--114 to 152 centimeters; dark gray (5Y 4/1) loamy sand; single grain; loose; few pebbles; slightly acid (pH 6.1 to 6.5).

TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 104 - Eastern Iowa and Minnesota Till Prairies, Franklin County, Iowa subset; about eight miles east of Hampton; located about 1,675 feet south and 75 feet east of the northwest corner of section 36, T. 92 N., R. 19 W.; USGS Ackley NE topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 44 minutes 26 seconds N. and long. 93 degrees 02 minutes 44 seconds W., NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the mollic epipedon--60 to more than 90 centimeters
Depth to outwash--100 to 150 centimeters
Depth to carbonates--100 to more than 150 centimeters
Organic matter content--5 to 9 percent in the surface layer, decreases regularly with depth
Clay content in the particle-size control section (weighted averaged)--26 to 32 percent
Sand content in the particle-size control section (weighted averaged)--15 to 40 percent fine sand or coarser

A or Ap (when present) horizon:
Hue--5Y or is neutral
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--0 or 1
Texture--clay loam, loam, or silty clay loam
Clay content--20 to 32 percent
Sand content--15 to 45 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 5 percent
Reaction--pH 6.1 to 7.3

Some pedons have a thin AB or BA horizon

Bg horizon:
Hue--5Y or is neutral
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--0 or 1
Texture--clay loam, loam, or silty clay loam
Clay content--22 to 32 percent
Sand content--15 to 45 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 5 percent
Reaction--pH 6.1 to 7.3

Some pedons have a BC or 2BC horizon with textures of loam, gravelly sandy loam, or sandy loam

2Cg horizon:
Hue--5Y
Value--4
Chroma--1
Texture--loamy sand, or gravelly loamy sand, coarse sand, gravelly coarse sand, loamy coarse sand, or gravelly loamy coarse sand
Clay content--2 to 12 percent
Sand content--70 to 95 percent
Rock fragment content--2 to 35 percent
Reaction--pH 6.1 to 8.4
Moist bulk density--1.60 to 1.70 g/cc

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Arctander, Coit, Coland, Comfrey, Delft, Excello, Gielow, Glencoe, Gus, James Canyon, Keddie, Kimmerling, Konner, Lundlake, McClave, Peoh, Romnell, Roundval, and Wenas series.
Arctander--have a sand content of less than 70 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Coit--have an organic matter content of 1 to 2 percent in the surface layer
Coland--do not have rock fragments in the series control section
Comfrey--do not have rock fragments in the series control section
Delft--have a clay content of more than 18 percent and a sand content of less than 30 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Excello--have a sand content of less than 70 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Gielow--have clay films in the middle third of the series control section
Glencoe--have a clay content of more than 18 percent and a sand content of less than 30 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Gus--do not have rock fragments in the series control section
James Canyon--have a rock fragment content of 15 to 35 percent in the particle-size control section
Keddie--have a clay content that averages 18 to 27 percent in the particle-size control section
Kimmerling--are stratified with a clay content of 5 to 60 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Konner--have a sand content of less than 70 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Lundlake--have a sand content of less than 70 percent in the lower third of the series control section
McClave--have a moist bulk density that ranges from 1.2 to 1.4 g/cc in the lower third of the series control section
Peoh--have a sand content of less than 70 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Romnell--have a sand content of less than 70 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Roundval--have a sand content of less than 70 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Wenas--have an irregular decrease of organic carbon content with increasing depth

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--100 to 150 centimeters of loamy alluvial sediments over sandy and gravelly outwash
Landform--depressions or flats on stream terraces, flood plains and outwash plains
Slope--0 to 2 percent
Elevation--155 to 400 meters above sea level
Mean annual air temperature--6 to 11 degrees C
Mean annual precipitation--5 85to 965 millimeters
Frost-free period--145 to 205 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Harcot, Lawler, Marshan, and Talcot soils.
Harcot--are on slightly higher landscape positions, have a mollic epipedon 25 to 60 centimeters thick, and have a calcic horizon with an upper boundary within a depth of 40 centimeters
Lawler--are on higher landscape positions and have a frequently saturated zone between depths of 0.3 to 1 meter during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Marshan--are on slightly higher landscape positions and have sandy and gravelly outwash within a depth of 100 centimeters
Talcot--are on slightly higher landscape positions, have a mollic epipedon 25 to 60 centimeters thick, and are calcareous in all parts between depths of 25 and 50 centimeters

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--very poorly and poorly drained--these soils are frequently saturated between the soil surface and a depth of 0.3 meters during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--1.00 to 10.00 micrometers per second in the loamy alluvium and 10.00 to 100.00 micrometers per second in the underlying outwash
Flooding--not flooded to frequently flooded for long duration
Ponding--not ponded to frequently ponded up to 0.3 meters in depth for long duration

USE AND VEGETATION:
Undrained areas are pastured or managed for wildlife habitat. Drained areas are cultivated. The principal crops are corn and soybeans. The native vegetative cover is a herbaceous wetland community commonly inhabited with Bluejoint Grasses, Fowl Bluegrasses, Green Muhlies, Fox Sedges, Field Sedges, Dudleys Rushes, Torreys Rushes, Swamp Milkweeds, False Sneezeweeds, False Asters, New England Asters, White Panicled Asters, and Wild Mints.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic sections--Western lake section, Dissected till plains, and Wisconsin driftless section
MLRAs--Central Iowa and Minnesota Till Prairies (103),
Eastern Iowa and Minnesota Till Prairies (104),
Northern Mississippi Valley Loess Hills (105), and
Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift, West-Central Part (108C)
LRR M; north-central and eastern Iowa and south-central and southeastern Minnesota
Extentmoderate

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Franklin County, Iowa, l977.

REMARKS:
Particle-size control section--the zone from a depth of 25 to 100 centimeters;
series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 150 centimeters.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
mollic epipedon--the zone from the surface to a depth of 74 centimeters (A1, A2, and A3 horizons);
cambic horizon--the zone from a depth of 74 centimeters to 114 centimeters (Bg1 and Bg2 horizons);
aquic moisture regime.

This soil has been previously identified as Marshan, depressional phase.

Cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area.

Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, tenth edition, 2006.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.