LOCATION ADATON MS+AL AR OK TN TX
Established Series
Rev. WIS:FVB:RBH
03/2019
ADATON SERIES
The Adaton series consists of poorly drained soils that formed in silty materials. Permeability is slow. These are nearly level soils on broad uplands and stream terraces of the Southern Coastal Plain Major Land Resource Area. The seasonal water table is near the surface during wet seasons. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Typic Endoaqualfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Adaton silt loam in a nearly level pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 6 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; few fine faint grayish brown mottles; weak fine and medium granular structure; friable; many fine roots; few fine manganese concretions; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (4 to 9 inches thick)
Btg1--6 to 19 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay loam; common fine and medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) mottles; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky and plastic; few fine roots; thin patchy clay films and silt coatings on faces of peds and in pores; few fine manganese concretions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Btg2--19 to 41 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay loam; common fine and medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm; slightly sticky and plastic; few fine roots; thin patchy clay films on faces of peds; common fine manganese concretions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the upper Btg horizon is 24 to 42 inches.)
Btg3--41 to 66 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay loam; common fine and medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) mottles; weak fine and medium subangular and angular blocky structure; firm, plastic and sticky; few slickensides that do not intersect; thin patchy clay films on faces of peds; few fine manganese concretions; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Oktibbeha County, Mississippi; 4.75 miles northwest of Starkville, Mississippi, on State Highway 389, 3.0 miles west on rural road, 0.6 mile south of rural road, and 540 feet east into pasture. NE1/4SW1/4 sec. 14, T. 19 N., R. 13 E.; lat. 33 degrees 30 minutes 46.18 minutes N. long. 88 degrees 54 minutes 53.24 seconds W., WGS84.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness exceeds 60 inches. Reaction is very strongly or strongly acid except for surface layers that have been limed. The calcium to magnesium ratio ranges from 1.0 to 5.0.
The Ap horizon has hue 10YR or 2.5Y, value 4 to 6, and chroma 2 to 4. Some pedons in uncultivated areas a thin A horizon less than 6 inches in thickness that has hue 10YR or 2.5Y, with value 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 or less, or it is neutral with value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 0.
The B horizon has hue 10YR, value 4 to 7, and chroma of 1 or less, or it is neutral with value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 0, or it has hue of 2.5Y or 10YR with value 5 or 6, and chroma of 2. Mottles in shades of yellow and brown range from few to many and are less than 40 percent of the mass. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam in the upper part and includes silty clay in the lower part. The upper 20 inches of the Bt has from 20 to 35 percent clay.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Amagon,
Routon, and
Tichnor series in the same family. Soil series that are close competitors in similar families include the
Calhoun,
Clodine,
Falkner,
Forestdale,
Fountain,
Henry,
Mayhew,
Myatt,
Sorter,
Trebloc,
Tuckerman, and
Waller series. Amagon soils have more than 15 percent sand, dominantly very fine, and have less clayey lower B horizons. Routon soils have lower B horizons that are medium acid to neutral and are less clayey. Tichnor soils have A horizons with total thickness of 24 inches. Calhoun, Fountain, and Waller soils have tongues of albic material in the argillic horizon. Clodine soils have a coarse-loamy particle-size class and siliceous mineralogy. Tuckerman, and Waller soils have a fine-loamy particlar-size class; also, Waller soils have siliceous mineralogy. Falkner soils are better drained and have a yellowish brown matrix color in the upper part of the argillic horizon. Forestdale soils have a fine particle-size class and montmorillonitic mineralogy. Henry soils have a fragipan. Mayhew soils have a fine particle-size class, a montmorillonitic mineralogy, and have high shrink-swell properties. Myatt soils have less than 35 percent base saturation in the lower B horizon, a fine-loamy particle-size class, and siliceous mineralogy. Sorter soils have a coarse-loamy particle-size class and, and siliceous mineralogy. Trebloc soils have siliceous mineralogy and less than 35 percent base saturation in the lower part of the argillic horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Adaton soils are on broad uplands and stream terraces of low relief of the Southern Coastal Plains Major Land Resource Area. These are nearly level soils that formed in silty materials. The climate is warm and humid. The mean annual temperature is about 68 degrees F., and mean annual precipitation is about 51 inches near the type location. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Falkner,
Mayhew, and
Myatt series listed with the competing series, and these are the
Eutaw,
Sessum, and
Wilcox series. Eutaw and Sessum soils are more clayey and have a high shrink-swell potential. Wilcox soils have mottled red and gray colors and have more than 35 percent clay in the upper part of the Bt horizon. The poorly drained Eutaw, Mayhew, Myatt, and Sessum soils are in similar positions in uplands as the Adaton soils. The somewhat poorly drained Falkner and Wilcox soils are on more sloping parts of the terrain.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained; slow runoff; slow permeability. The water table is at or near the surface during winter and early in spring.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cleared and used for growing soybeans, cotton, corn, pasture, and hay. Forested areas are mixed hardwood and pines. Common trees include water oak, Shumard oak, sweetgum, and loblolly pine.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi and Oklahoma. These soils are of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Oktibbeha County, Mississippi; 1969.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Data indicate the typical pedon is borderline to the siliceous mineralogy class.
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of about 6 inches (Ap horizon).
Argillic horizon - the zone from approximately 6 yo 66 inches (Btg1, Btg2, Btg3 horizons).
Aqualfs feature - characteristics associated with wetness, chroma of 2 or less immediately below Ap horizon and an argillic horizon that has dominant chroma of 2 or less and mottles of higher chroma (Btg1, Btg2, Btg3 horizons).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data: Engineering test data for one pedon are published in Soil Survey of Ponotoc County, Mississippi, (issued December 1973) pp. 46-77. Chemical analysis for the typical pedon are published in the Soil Survey of Oktibbeha County, Mississippi, (issued July 1973) pp. 84-85.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.