LOCATION ASPERMONT               TX+OK

Established Series
Rev. ARG-CLN-DDR-RFG
10/2014

ASPERMONT SERIES

The Aspermont series consists of deep, well drained, moderately slow or moderately permeable soils. These soils formed in calcareous silty colluvium over redbed siltstone and claystone of Permian age. These very gently sloping to steep soils occur on interfluves and sideslopes of hillslopes on dissected plains. Slope ranges from 1 to 25 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 16.7 degrees C (62 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is about 635 mm (25 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Typic Calciustepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Aspermont clay loam--on 1 percent slope in rangeland.
(Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 14 cm (0 to 6 in); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, very friable; common fine and medium roots; common very fine and fine pores and few medium pores; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. 10 to 38 cm thick (4 to 15 in)

Bw--14 to 38 cm (6 to 15 in); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky; hard, friable; common fine and few medium roots; common very fine and fine pores; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. 15 to 60 cm thick (6 to 22 in)

Bk1--38 to 53 cm (15 to 21 in); yellowish red (5YR 4/6) silty clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, firm; common fine and few coarse roots; few very fine and fine pores; common fine concretions, few fine masses, and few threads of calcium carbonate; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

Bk2--53 to 84 cm (21 to 33 in); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) silty clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, firm; common fine and few coarse roots; few very fine and fine pores; common fine and medium concretions and many medium and coarse masses of calcium carbonate; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

Bk3--84 to 107 cm (33 to 42 in); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) silty clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, firm; common fine and few coarse roots; common very fine and fine pores; few fine and medium concretions and common medium and coarse masses of calcium carbonate; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. Combined thickness of the Bk horizons is 20 to 76 cm (8 to 30 in).

BCk--107 to 147 cm (42 to 58 in); reddish brown (2.5YR 5/4) clay loam, reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; extremely hard, very firm; few fine and few coarse roots; few very fine and fine pores; very few iron-manganese stains on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; common medium and coarse masses of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent; 1 percent claystone paragravel; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. 0 to 51 cm thick (0 to 20 in)

2Cd1--147 to 168 cm (58 to 66 in); reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) noncemented claystone bedrock that has silty clay texture; massive; extremely hard, very firm; few fine roots in cracks; very few iron-manganese stains; slightly effervescent; 20 percent claystone paragravel; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

2Cd2--168 to 203 cm (66 to 80 in); 90 percent dark red (2.5YR 3/6) noncemented claystone bedrock with clay texture interbedded with 5 percent greenish gray (5GY 6/1) and 5 percent greenish gray (5G 5/1) noncemented siltstone bedrock with silty clay texture; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Stonewall County, TX; from the junction of U.S. Highway 83 and Farm Road 2211 in Aspermont; 1.9 miles south on U.S. Highway 83; 300 feet west in rangeland;
USGS topographic quadrangle: Aspermont Lake;
Latitude: 33 degrees, 6 minutes, 23.55 seconds N;
Longitude: 100 degrees, 13 minutes, 25.93 seconds W
Datum: NAD 1927.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil Moisture: Typic ustic soil moisture regime
Depth to densic or paralithic materials: 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 in)
Depth to calcic horizon: 31 to 81 cm (12 to 32 in)

Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Total clay content: dominantly 25 to 33 percent, but ranges from 18 to 35 percent
Fine sand or coarser content: 0 to 15 percent
Coarse Fragments: 0 to 10 percent
CEC/clay ratio: 0.40 to 0.60

A Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Permeability: 0.2 to 2.0 in/hr
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 2 to 10 percent
Electrical conductivity (dS/m): 0 to 2
Gypsum: 0 to 1 percent
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 0 to 2
Effervescence: very slight to strong
Reaction (pH): moderately alkaline (7.9 to 8.4)

Bw Horizon (where present)
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Permeability: 0.2 to 2.0 in/hr
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Electrical conductivity (dS/m): 0 to 2
Gypsum: 0 to 1 percent
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 0 to 2
Effervescence: slight or strong
Reaction (pH): moderately alkaline (7.9 to 8.4)

Bk Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Permeability: 0.6 to 2.0 in/hr
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 40 percent
Identifiable secondary carbonate: few to many, fine to coarse, concretions, masses, and threads
Electrical conductivity (dS/m): 0 to 2
Gypsum: 0 to 2 percent
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 0 to 4
Effervescence: strong or violent
Reaction (pH): moderately alkaline (7.9 to 8.4)

BCk or 2BCk Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: loam, silt loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay or clay
Clay content: 18 to 40 percent
Permeability: 0.6 to 1.0 in/hr
Pararock fragments: 0 to 10 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 25 percent
Identifiable secondary carbonate: few to many, fine to coarse, concretions, masses, and threads
Electrical conductivity (dS/m): 0 to 4
Gypsum: 0 to 5 percent
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 0 to 6
Effervescence: strong or violent
Reaction (pH): moderately alkaline (7.9 to 8.4)

2Cd Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: noncemented claystone or siltstone bedrock that has texture of clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, clay, or interbedded siltstone and claystone; some pedons contain thin layers of fractured dolomite or limestone
Clay content: 27 to 60 percent
Permeability: 0.0015 to 0.02 in/hr
Moist bulk density: 1.7 to 2.0
Effervescence: very slight to strong
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4 to 8.4)
This horizon is root restrictive with bulk density high enough that roots may enter only in cracks or fractures and qualifies as densic material.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no series in the same family. Similar soils are the Burford, Jaywi, Obaro, Quanah, and Weymouth series.
Burford: These soils do not have a calcic horizon
Jaywi: These soils are more than 152 cm (60 in) to bedrock
Obaro: These soils have weakly cemented sandstone within 102 cm (40 in)
Quanah: These soils have a mollic epipedon and are more than 152 cm (60 in) to redbed siltstone or claystone
Weymouth: These soils have a fine-loamy particle-size control section

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: calcareous silty colluvium over siltstone and claystone redbed sediments of the Blaine formation of Permian age
Landscape: dissected plains
Landform: interfluves and side slopes of hillslopes
Slope: 1 to 25 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 533 to 711 mm (21 to 28 in)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 31 to 40
Mean annual air temperature: 15.0 to 17.8 degrees C (59 to 64 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 190 to 240 days
Elevation: 426.7 to 883.9 m (1400 to 2900 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Cottonwood, La Casa, Quanah, Talpa, Vernon, and Westill series.
Cottonwood and Talpa: These soils occur on higher summits and shoulders of interfluves on hillslopes and are less than 51 cm (20 in) to gypsum and limestone respectively
La Casa and Westill: These soils occur on lower footslopes of base slopes on hillslopes, have a mollic epipedon, and are fine in the particle-size control section
Quanah: These soils occur on lower footslopes of base slopes on hillslopes.
Vernon: These soils occur on similar positions, are less than 102 cm (40 in) to redbed claystone sediments, and are fine in the particle-size control section

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderately slow or moderate. Runoff is low on 1 to 5 percent slopes, medium on 5 to 20 percent slopes, and high on slopes of more than 20 percent.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for rangeland. Some areas are used for cropland with mainly cotton and wheat grown. Native vegetation is a mixed grass prairie with sideoats grama and little bluestem being the dominant species.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North Texas and western Oklahoma; LRR H; MLRAs 78B and 78C - Central Rolling Red Plains; The series is of large extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Stonewall County, Texas; 1970.

REMARKS: Type location in Stonewall County, Texas was sampled for complete characterization and redescribed in 1998.

Edited 10/2014 (RFG-ROG): Added metric measurements. Updated competing series, geographic setting, and associated soils sections.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle-size control section: 25 to 102 cm (10 to 40 in). (Bw and Bk horizons)
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in) (A horizon).
Cambic horizon: 15 to 38 cm (6 to 15 in) (Bw horizon).
Calcic horizon: 38 to 147 cm (15 to 58 in) (Bk and BCk horizons).
Lithologic discontinuity: At the upper boundary of the 2BCk horizon.
Densic material: weathered siltstone and claystone at 147 cm (58 in) (2Cd horizons).

Cation-exchange activity class is supported by laboratory data S98TX-433-001 from Stonewall County, TX.

ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL data; S98TX-433-001 Stonewall Co. TX; S97OK-065-004 Jackson Co. OK.

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.