LOCATION BAUGO IN

Established Series
Rev. RAB-DAG
11/2021

BAUGO SERIES

The Baugo series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils formed in loamy and sandy outwash overlying loamy dense till on till plains. They are deep or very deep to dense till. Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 914 mm (36 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 10 degrees C (50 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aeric Epiaqualfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Baugo silt loam, on a slope of less than 1 percent in a cultivated field at an elevation of 251 meters (824 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap1--0 to 13 cm (5 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common very fine to medium interstitial and tubular pores with low or moderate continuity; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Ap2--13 to 28 cm (5 to 11 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common very fine to medium interstitial and tubular pores with low or moderate continuity; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Ap horizon is 15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 inches).]

Bt--28 to 36 cm (11 to 14 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots throughout; common very fine to medium interstitial and tubular pores with low or moderate continuity; many distinct gray (10YR 5/1) clay films on faces of peds; many medium prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

Btg1--36 to 56 cm (14 to 22 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine roots throughout; common very fine to medium interstitial and tubular pores with low or moderate continuity; common distinct gray (10YR 5/1) clay films on faces of peds; many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron oxide accumulation in the matrix; common medium distinct black (N 2.5/) rounded weakly cemented iron and manganese oxide concretions; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

Btg2--56 to 74 cm (22 to 29 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine roots throughout; common very fine to medium interstitial and tubular pores with low or moderate continuity; common distinct gray (10YR 5/1) clay films on faces of peds; many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron oxide accumulation in the matrix; few medium distinct black (N 2.5/) rounded masses of iron and manganese oxide accumulation; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt or Btg horizon is 51 to 132 cm (20 to 52 inches).]

BC--74 to 91 cm (29 to 36 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine roots throughout; common very fine to medium interstitial and tubular pores with low or moderate continuity; few medium prominent black (N 2.5/) rounded masses of iron and manganese oxide accumulation; many medium prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. [0 to 30 cm (12 inches) thick]

2CBg--91 to 107 cm (36 to 42 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron oxide accumulation in the matrix; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

2CB--107 to 130 cm (42 to 51 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loamy sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; many medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

2C--130 to 142 cm (51 to 56 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) stratified sand and gravelly sand; single grain; loose; common medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions in the matrix; 20 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles in the lower 2 inches; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the 2CB and 2C horizons is 8 to 76 cm (3 to 30 inches).]

3Cd--142 to 203 cm (56 to 80 inches); reddish brown (5YR 5/4) loam; massive; very firm; 3 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Elkhart County, Indiana; about 2 miles south and 2 miles west of Jamestown; 1,930 feet north and 200 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 3, T. 36 N., R. 4 E.; U.S.G.S. Wakarusa, IN topographic quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 35 minutes 59 seconds N. and long. 86 degrees 3 minutes 34 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 578381 easting and 4605768 northing, NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 64 to 127 cm (25 to 50 inches)
Thickness of the solum: 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches)
Depth to dense till: 127 to 178 cm (50 to 70 inches)
Thickness of the loamy outwash: 76 to 102 cm (30 to 40 inches)

Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 3 percent gravel
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

E, EB, or BE horizon: (where present)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam
Sand content: averages less than 40 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 3 percent gravel
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

Bt or Btg horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: clay loam or silty clay loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent gravel
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

BC or BCg horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: loam, silt loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent gravel
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

2CB, 2C, or Cg horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: loamy sand, sand, or gravelly sand; thin strata or subhorizons of sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or very fine sandy loam are present in some pedons
Sand content: averages more than 80 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 20 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 25 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline

3Cd horizon:
Hue: 5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: loam or fine sandy loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent gravel and 0 to 1 percent cobbles or stones
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 35 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Aubbeenaubbee, Crosier, Haskins, Lamberjack, and Shebeon series. Aubbeenaubbee soils contain more than 52 percent sand in the upper part of the series control section. Crosier soils do not have strata or subhorizons of loamy sand or coarser (averaging more than 80 percent sand) in the lower part of the control section. Haskins soils average less than 80 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section. Lamberjack soils have more than 15 percent rock fragments in the lower part of the argillic horizon. Shebeon soils have sola less than 102 cm (40 inches) thick.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Baugo soils are on swells on till plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent. Baugo soils formed in loamy and sandy outwash overlying loamy dense till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 813 to 1016 mm (32 to 40 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 10 to 11 degrees C (50 to 52 degrees F). Frost-free period ranges from 150 to 180 days. Elevation ranges from 183 to 466 meters (600 to 1,530 feet) above mean sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Brookston, Crosier, and Rensselaer soils. The poorly drained Brookston soils and the very poorly drained or poorly drained Rensselaer soils are in depressions. The somewhat poorly drained Crosier soils are on slightly higher swells.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. The depth to the top of a perched seasonal high water table ranges from 15 to 46 cm (0.5 to 1.5 feet) for some time in normal years. The potential for surface runoff is negligible to low. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high in the solum, very high in the upper part of the underlying material, and moderately low in the dense till. Permeability is moderate in the solum, rapid in the upper part of the underlying material, and slow in the dense till.

USE AND VEGETATION: Soils are used to grow corn, soybeans, wheat, and hay. Native vegetation is deciduous forest.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 111C in northern Indiana. The series is of small extent.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Elkhart County, Indiana, 1997.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 28 cm (11 inches) (Ap1 and Ap2 horizons).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 28 to 74 cm (11 to 29 inches) (Bt, Btg1, Btg2 horizons).
Aquic conditions: redoximorphic features present in all horizons between 28 and 142 cm (11 and 56 inches).

NASIS Data Mapunit ID 124243 represents the typical pedon.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab characterization data is available for the typical pedon (S95IN-039-008) from the National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE. Transect data (T95IN-039-068) is on file in the MLRA project office in Plymouth, Indiana. Transect shows 70 percent Baugo, 20 percent Del Rey-till substratum, and 10 percent Rensselaer-till substratum soils.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.