LOCATION HASKINS OH+IL IN
Established Series
Rev. RAR-RMG
07/2015
HASKINS SERIES
The Haskins series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that are moderately deep or deep to dense till. They formed in loamy water-sorted or glaciolacustrine material 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches) thick and in the underlying till. These soils are on lake plains and till plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 6 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 838 mm (33 inches), and mean annual air temperature is about 11 degrees C (51 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aeric Epiaqualfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Haskins loam, on a nearly level slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 230 meters (755 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 23 cm (0 to 9 inches); dark brown (10YR 3/3) loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine and medium granular structure; friable; common fine roots; 5 percent intermixing of grayish brown (10YR 5/2) BEg material; 2 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 28 cm (6 to 11 inches) thick]
BEg--23 to 33 cm (9 to 13 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay films on faces of peds; few faint dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) worm casts and as organic coatings in pores; few medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and many medium faint brown (10YR 5/3) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; common distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of iron and manganese oxide accumulation on faces of peds; 2 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 10 cm (4 inches) thick in cultivated pedons and 8 to 25 cm (3 to 10 inches) thick in undisturbed pedons.]
Btg--33 to 46 cm (13 to 18 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; many faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; few faint dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) worm casts and as organic coatings in pores; many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and few medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) masses of iron and manganese oxide accumulation on faces of peds; 3 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt1--46 to 61 cm (18 to 24 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; many distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds and lining old root channels; common medium faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; common medium faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and common coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) masses of iron and manganese oxide accumulation on faces of peds; 3 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt2--61 to 76 cm (24 to 30 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common prominent dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds and lining old root channels; common medium prominent dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) iron depletions in the matrix; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and few medium faint strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) masses of iron and manganese oxide accumulation on faces of peds; 3 percent rock fragments; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
B'tg--76 to 91 cm (30 to 36 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam with strata of yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; few fine roots; few faint dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds and bridging between sand grains in the loam material; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) masses of iron and manganese oxide accumulation on faces of peds; 5 percent rock fragments in the loam material and 1 percent rock fragments in the fine sandy loam strata; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Btg and Bt horizons is 25 to 89 cm (10 to 35 inches).]
2BC--91 to 132 cm (36 to 52 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm; common distinct gray (10YR 6/1) coatings on vertical faces of peds; common medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few medium distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) calcium carbonate concretions in the matrix; 5 percent rock fragments; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual irregular boundary. [0 to 46 cm (18 inches) thick]
2Cd--132 to 203 cm (52 to 80 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay; massive, with widely spaced vertical fractures; very firm; few distinct gray (10YR 6/1) coatings on faces of fractures; few fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions and few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation oriented along fractures; 5 percent rock fragments; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Hancock County, Ohio; approximately 1 mile west-northwest of McComb, in Pleasant Township; 1,040 feet north and 1,840 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 22, T. 2 N., R. 9 E.; USGS McComb, Ohio topographic quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 06 minutes 44.6 seconds N., and long. 83 degrees 48 minutes 37.1 seconds W., NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 63 to 140 cm (25 to 55 inches) and typically extends into the underlying till
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 51 to 127 cm (20 to 50 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 63 to 102 cm (25 to 40 inches)
Depth to the underlying till: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Depth to the densic contact: 76 to 152 cm (30 to 60 inches)
Rock fragments: glacial erratics, primarily of limestone, dolostone, and crystalline lithology
Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 3 to 5 (6 or more dry)
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: loam, silt loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral
A horizon, where present:
Thickness: 2.5 to 15 cm (1 to 6 inches)
Value: 2
Texture: loam, silt loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral
E or BE horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: loam, silt loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent
Reaction: commonly strongly acid or moderately acid but ranges to very strongly acid
Bt, Btg, B't, or B'tg horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: dominantly clay loam or sandy clay loam, or less commonly loam or the gravelly analogs of these textures; some pedons have thin strata of sandy loam or fine sandy loam, or thin subhorizons with more than 35 percent clay
Rock fragment content: 0 to 20 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral
2Bt, 2Btg, 2BCtg, 2BC, or 2BCg horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y, or is neutral
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 0 to 4
Texture: clay, silty clay, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Clay content: 27 to 42 percent
Rock fragment content: 1 to 10 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline
2Cd or 2Cdg horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y, or is neutral
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 0 to 4
Texture: clay, silty clay, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Clay content: 27 to 42 percent
Rock fragment content: 1 to 10 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 18 to 30 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Aubbeenaubbee,
Baugo,
Crosier,
Lamberjack, and
Shebeon series. Aubbeenaubbee, Baugo, Crosier, and Shebeon soils have less than 27 percent clay in the lower part of the series control section. Lamberjack soils have more than 10 percent rock fragments in the lower part of the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Haskins soils are on lake plains and on till plains of late Wisconsinan age. Slope ranges from 0 to 6 percent. Haskins soils formed in loamy water-sorted material 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches) thick and in the underlying till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 686 to 1067 mm (27 to 42 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from 7 to 13 degrees C (45 to 55 degrees F). Frost-free period is 130 to 200 days. Elevation is 183 to 386 meters (600 to 1300 feet) above mean sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the somewhat poorly drained
Aurand, very poorly drained
Mermill, and moderately well drained
Houcktown and
Rawson soils that comprise a toposequence with the Haskins soils. Aurand soils have a mollic epipedon and are on similar landscape positions. Mermill soils are on flats or in depressions, and the Houcktown and Rawson soils are on higher landscape positions. The very poorly drained, clayey
Hoytville and
Latty soils are on nearby planar landscapes.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. The depth to the top of an intermittent perched high water table ranges from 15 to 46 cm (0.5 to 1.5 feet) between November and April in normal years. The potential for surface runoff is low to high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high in the loamy material and moderately low or low in the underlying till. Permeability is moderate in the loamy material and slow or very slow in the underlying till.
USE AND VEGETATION: A large proportion is under cultivation, primarily corn, soybeans, wheat, oats, and hay. Some areas are used for tomatoes and sugar beets. Native vegetation is deciduous, mixed hardwood forest.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 98, 99, 111B, 111C, and 139 in northwestern Ohio and northern Indiana; MLRA 110 in eastern Illinois. The type location is in MLRA 99. The series is of large extent, with about 200,000 acres.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Paulding County, Ohio, 1957.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 33 cm (Ap, BEg) horizon.
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 33 to 96 cm (Btg, Bt, B'tg horizons).
Densic contact: at 132 cm (top of the 2Cd horizon).
Aquic conditions: redox features in all horizons below a depth of 23 cm.
The previous Haskins series concept allowed for fine-textured lacustrine sediments in the 2B and 2Cd horizons. A new series will be established during modernization projects in MLRA 99 to define these soils.
An evaluation of existing lab data supports the redefinition of clay content in the till. Further evaluation for densic materials is needed to better define the series concept.
The addition of the densic contact is based on data from associated soils. More supporting bulk density data is needed.
The sandy surface phase correlated in an earlier survey does not meet the series concept. A new series will be established during modernization projects in MLRA 99 to define these soils.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Representative data mapunit is DMU ID 129997 in MO 11.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.