LOCATION BAYTOWN MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Baytown silt loam with a 1 percent plane slope on a summit in the dissected uplands in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 11 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (8 to l2 inches thick)
A12--11 to 16 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate fine platy structure; friable; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
A3--16 to 19 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, grayish brown (l0YR 5/2) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
B21--19 to 22 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
B22--22 to 29 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam high in content of very fine sand; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
B23--29 to 32 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam high in content of very fine sand; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; very few thin clay films on vertical faces of peds; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined B2 horizons 6 to 28 inches thick)
IIB3--32 to 36 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loamy sand; few fine faint light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) mottles; single grained; loose; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to l0 inches thick)
IICr--36 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) to yellow (10YR 7/6) weakly indurated sandstone bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION Washington County, Minnesota; about 3 miles west and 3 miles south of Afton; 160 feet north and 160 feet west of the SE corner of sec. 6, T. 27 N., R. 20 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mollic epipedon is 10 to 24 inches thick. The thickness of solum and depth to the IICr horizon range from 20 to 40 inches. The loess mantle is 14 to 34 inches thick. Coarse fragments typically are lacking in the loess mantle and comprise as much as l0 percent of the volume of the lower part of the solum and upper IIC horizon. They are mostly sandstone.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. It typically is silt loam but very fine sandy loam and loam high in content of silt or very fine sand is in the range. It is very strongly acid through neutral.
The B horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. It is silt loam or loam high in content of very fine sand or silt. It has mottles in the lower part in some pedons. It is very strongly through slightly acid.
The IIB horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR with value and chroma of 4 through 6. It has mottles in some pedons. It formed in a mixture of loess and residuum or in residuum and is sand, fine sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam. Some pedons have a IIC horizon. It is strongly through slightly acid.
The IICr horizon has hue of 5YR through 10YR, value of 5 through 8 and chroma of 1 through 6. It is typically weakly cemented sandstone that crushes to sand or fine sand. In some pedons it has strongly indurated layers.
COMPETING SERIES: The Waukegan series is the only series in this family. Waukegan soils lack a paralithic contact within 40 inches and have a IIC horizon of glacial outwash.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Baytown soils have plane or convex slopes on gently undulating to gently rolling uplands. Slope gradients are 0 to 25 percent. They formed in a loess mantle that is 14 to 34 inches thick and in residuum weathered from sandstone bedrock. The climate is humid continental with mean annual temperature ranging from 42 to 47 degrees F and mean annual precipitation ranging from 28 to 33 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Baytown soils are commonly associated with the Boone, Copaston, Gale, and Ostrander soils on nearby landscapes. Boone soils are on convex ridgetops and formed entirely in residuum weathered from sandstone bedrock. Copaston soils are on higher lying ridgetops and steep side slopes where limestone bedrock caps the underlying sandstone. Gale soils are on similiar but generally north facing landscape positions, lack mollic epipedons, and contain argillic horizons. Ostrander soils are on similiar landscape positions but formed in a silty mantle and underlying glacial till.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderate in the upper silty mantle and rapid in the IICr horizon. Runoff is medium on gentle slopes and rapid on the steeper slopes.
USE AND VEGETATION: Almost all of the Baytown soils are cultivated. Corn, soybeans, small grains, and hay are the principal crops. Native vegetation was tall grass prairie or savanna.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern Minnesota and possibly adjoining areas in Wisconsin. Baytown soils are inextensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Washington and Ramsey Counties, Minnesota, 1978.
REMARKS: These soils would have been classified as Brunizems in the former system.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to MN. Agr. Exp. Sta. Central File Code No. 2159 for results of some laboratory analyses of the typical pedon.