LOCATION BIVANS FL

Established Series
Rev. GRB
03/2019

BIVANS SERIES

The Bivans series consists of very deep, poorly drained, slowly or very slowly permeable soils on the rolling uplands of central Florida. They formed in thick beds of clayey and sandy marine sediments in central Florida. Near the type location, the mean annual temperature is about 72 degrees F., and the mean annual precipitation is about 55 inches. Slopes range from 0 to 12 percent.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, hyperthermic Typic Albaqualfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Bivans sand - pasture. (Colors are for moist conditions.)

Ap--0 to 6 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) sand; moderate fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 6 inches thick)

E--6 to 15 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) sand; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; few fine and medium nodules of ironstone and phosphatic-like limestone; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (3 to 14 inches thick)

Btg1--15 to 18 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) sandy clay; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine nodules of ironstone and phosphatic limestone; common fine distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of iron accumulation; few fine faint gray (10YR 6/1) areas of iron depletions; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

Btg2--18 to 27 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) sandy clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine and medium nodules of ironstone and phosphatic limestone; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; common medium faint gray (10YR 5/1) areas of iron depletions; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Btg3--27 to 45 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) sandy clay); moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine and medium nodules and fragments of ironstone and limestone; common coarse distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Btg4--45 to 61 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) sandy clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine and medium fragments and nodules of limestone; common coarse strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; few fine faint light gray (10YR 7/1) areas of iron depletions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btg horizons ranges from 40 to 65 inches.)

Cg--61 to 81 inches; gray (N 5/0) sandy clay loam; massive; firm; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Alachua County, Florida. Approximately 0.25 mile east of U.S. Hwy 441 and 0.9 mile northwest of the Alachua-Marion County line. SE1/4, NW1/4, sec. 31, T. 11 S., R. 21 E.; lat. 29 degrees 29 minutes 36.51 seconds N. and long. 82 degrees 15 minutes 3.48 degrees W., NAD83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness is more than 50 inches. Soil reaction ranges from extremely acid to moderately acid in all horizons except where the surface has been limed. Nodules and fragments of ironstone and limestone, less than 5 percent by volume, are throughout the solum.

The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 1 or 2; or is neutral with value of 2 to 4. Texture is sand, fine sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand.

The E horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 2 or less; or is neutral with value of 5 to 7. In some pedons, the E horizon has been mixed with the Ap horizon. Texture is sand, fine sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand.

The Btg horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 2 or less; or is neutral with value of 4 to 7. Redoximorphic features in shades of gray, yellow, brown, or red range from few to common. Texture is sandy clay loam, sandy clay, or clay. Weighted average clay content of the upper 20 inches of the Btg horizon ranges from 35 to 59 percent.

The Cg horizon has hue of 5Y to 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 2 or less; or is neutral with value of 5 to 7. Redoximorphic features in shades of yellow, brown, red, or gray range from none to common. Texture is sandy clay loam, sandy clay, or clay.

COMPETING SERIES: These include the Crowley, Paisley, and Wyick series in the same family. The somewhat poorly drained Crowley Paisley soils have a more alkaline Btg horizons due to the influence of underlying carbonatic materials, lack ironstone nodules, and are west of the Mississippi River. The somewhat poorly drained Wyick soils are moderately deep to a cemented pan and are largely confined to Texas.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Bivans soils are on areas of the rolling uplands of central Florida. They formed in thick beds of clayey and sandy marine sediments. Slopes range from 0 to 12 percent. The average annual temperature ranges from 70 to 74 degrees F., and the average annual precipitation is about 50 to 60 inches.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the Blichton, Boardman, Flemington, Kanapaha, Lochloosa, Micanopy, and Wacahoota series. Blichton and Lochloosa, Wacahoota soils are arenic and have loamy subsoils. In addition, Lochloosa soils are somewhat poorly drained. Boardman soils have loamy argillic horizons and contain more than 5 percent nodules and fragments of ironstone and limestone. Flemington soils have more clay in the subsoil. Kanapaha soils are grossarenic and have loamy argillic horizons. The somewhat poorly drained Micanopy soils have mixed mineralogy.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained; rapid permeability in the A and E horizons and slow or very slow permeability in the Btg horizons.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most cleared areas of Bivans soil are used for pasture. The natural vegetation consists of loblolly, longleaf, and slash pine, sweetgum, maple, hickory, magnolia, water oak, live oak, laurel oak, and holly. The understory vegetation is dominated by waxmyrtle, blackberry, greenbrier, bluestems, panicums, low paspalum, threeawns, and dwarf huckleberry.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Florida. The series is of small known extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Alachua County, Florida. 1982.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon:

Ochric epipedon - 0 to 15 inches (Ap and E horizons).

Albic horizon - 6 to 15 inches (E horizon).

Argillic horizon - 15 to 61 inches (Btg1, Btg2, Btg3, and Btg4 horizons).

The water table is perched above the Btg horizon, and the upper part of the Btg horizon is saturated for 1 to 4 months during wet seasons. On the slopes, the soils are affected by seepage water.

These soils were formerly included with the Flemington series.

MLRA: 154.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.