LOCATION BRAZILTON KS+MO

Established Series
Rev. ELF-WAW-RGC
10/2019

BRAZILTON SERIES

The Brazilton series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils on interfluves and hillslopes. They formed in excavated material that has been replaced by major horizons. Slopes range from 0 to 5 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1143 mm (45 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 14 degrees C (57 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, spolic, mixed, active, nonacid, thermic Anthroportic Udorthents

TYPICAL PEDON: Brazilton silty clay loam - in a nearly level area. Hayland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

^A--0 to 38 cm (0 to 15 inches); mixed, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) and very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silty clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry and grayish brown (10YR 5/2); weak fine granular structure in the upper 5 cm (2 inches) mixed with coarse platy fragments that have non-mollic colors; har, firm; few fine roots; many prominent dark red (2.5YR 3/6) masses of oxidized iron; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [13 to 51 cm (5 to 20 inches) thick]

^C1--38 to 81 cm (15 to 32 inches); mixed, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) and light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; massive with few subangular blocky peds; extremely hard, extremely firm; few fine roots along faces of soil fragments; thin clay films on and within spots believed to be remnants of the Bt horizon; many medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses of oxidized iron and few medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) masses of reduced iron; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

^C2--81 to 107 cm (32 to 42 inches); mixed brown (10YR 5/3) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay, pale brown (10YR 6/3) and brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; massive with few medium subangular blocky peds; extremely hard, extremely firm; many coarse prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [Combined C horizons are 61 to 127 cm (24 to 50 inches) thick]

2^C3--107 to 152 cm (42 to 60 inches); light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) silty clay loam, pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) dry; massive; slightly hard, friable; 35 percent unconsolidated shale fragments; neutral.

TYPE LOCATION: Labette County, Kansas; 1 mile south of Oswego, 1,100 feet south and 250 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 27, T. 33 S., R. 21 E.; USGS Oswego topographic quadrangle; Latitude 37.147000 degrees and longitude -95.103000 degrees; WGS84.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to bedrock: greater than 60 inches.
Depth to shaly material ranges from 40 to more than 60 inches.

^A horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 2 to 5
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, or silty clay.
Clay content: 20 to 50 percent.
Sand content: 0 to 30 percent.
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent.
Pararock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent.
Reaction: 5.1 to 7.3

^C horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR to 5Y
Value: 2 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: silty clay, silty clay loam, clay loam.
Clay content: 35 to 55 percent
Sand content: 0 to 30 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent.
Pararock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent.
Reaction: 5.1 to 7.3

2^C horizon
Hue: 7.5YR to 5Y
Value: 2 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: silty clay, silty clay loam or their paragravelly or parachannery analogues.
Clay content: 35 to 55 percent
Sand content: 0 to 20 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent
Pararock fragment content: 35 to 70 percent
Reaction: 5.1 to 8.4

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Coalvale soils.
Coalvale: has more pararock and rock fragments throughout.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Brazilton soils are on summits and shoulders of interfluves on uplands that have been created and/or altered by earth moving equipment. Slope ranges from 0 to 5 percent and are similar to the original landscape before coal was excavated from the surface mines. The soils are in excavated materials that have been replaced by major horizons. The original soils mainly had a silty surface layer and a clayey subsoil that developed from Pennsylvanian age geology. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 991 to 1194 mm (39 to 47 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 12 to 16 degrees C (54 to 61 degrees F). Elevation is 200 to 330 meters (655 to 1083 feet) above mean sea level. Thornthwaites Annual P-E Index is greater than 64.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bates, Dennis, Kenoma, Parsons, and Zaar soils. These undisturbed soils have a B horizon with distinct pedogenic development.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained; Depth to the top of a perched seasonal high water table ranges from 75 to 100 cm (2.5 to 3.5 feet) between November and May in normal years. Potential for surface runoff is slow or medium; saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately low (0.42 to 1.4 micrometers per second) to moderately high (1.4 to 4.0 micrometers per second) in the surface and low (0.01 to 0.42 micrometers per second to moderately low (0.42 to 1.4 micrometers per second) in the subsoil. Permeability is very slow.

USE AND VEGETATION: Areas are used for pasture and cultivated crops. The principal crops are winter wheat and grain sorghum. Tame grass is tall fescue.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 112 in southeastern Kansas and southwestern Missouri. The series is of moderate extent.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Cherokee County, Kansas, 1983.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizon and other features recognized in this pedon include:
Particle-size control section: the zone from 25 to 100 cm (10 to 39 inches).
Diagnostic horizon fragments: Fragments of argillic horizons are present in random locations in the profile.

The surface layer and subsoils were stockpiled or taken from overburden and placed directly in an area from which coal was removed during mining operations. As part of the reclamation procedure, the surface layer and subsoil were replaced in sequence on the surface of the mined area.

The assignment of cation-exchange activity class is supported by lab sample(s) numbers 84KS099001, 99KS037005 and 99KS037006.

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy Twelfth Edition, 2014

ADDITIONAL DATA: Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska 84KS099001, 99KS037005 and 99KS037006.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.