LOCATION BRICKHAVEN NCEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, semiactive, thermic Oxyaquic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Brickhaven silt loam--on a 2 percent slope in a mixed hardwood and pine forest. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 4 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; friable; many very fine and fine and common medium roots; 3 percent fine and medium siltstone pebbles; extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 8 inches thick)
E--4 to 7 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; friable, slightly sticky, non plastic; common fine and medium roots; extremely acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
Bt1--7 to 12 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) silty clay loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common fine roots; common prominent clay films on faces of peds; extremely acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--12 to 37 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silty clay; moderate fine subangular structure; firm, moderately sticky, slightly plastic; common fine roots; common prominent clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 10 to 50 inches)
BCt--37 to 51 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) silty clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
Cr--51 to 62 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 5/4) weathered moderately fractured Triassic siltstone.
TYPE LOCATION: Chatham County, North Carolina; about 2.8 miles east and
southeast of Goldston on Secondary Road 2135 and 120 feet east of Secondary Road 2135, in woods; Goldston, North Carolina USGS topographic quadrangle; lat. 35 degrees 34 minutes 30 seconds N. and 79 degrees 17 minutes 14 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness ranges from 25 to 55 inches. Depth to paralithic contact with weathered bedrock (Cr) ranges from 40 to 60 inches. Depth to a lithic contact with unweathered bedrock (R) is greater than 60 inches.
Rock fragments are less than 35 percent by volume in the A or Ap horizon, less than 15 percent by volume in the E, Bt, and BCt horizons, and less than 35 percent by volume in the C horizon. Exchangeable aluminum is high (greater than 10 meq/100g). Reaction ranges from extremely acid to strongly acid except where surface layers have been limed.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. It is silt loam, loam, fine sandy loam, or very fine sandy loam and where eroded, silty clay loam in the fine-earth fraction.
The E horizon, where present, has hue of 7.5YR to 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is silt loam, loam, fine sandy loam, or very fine sandy loam.
The Bt horizon has hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 4 to 8. Some subhorizons may have a value of 3. Iron accumulations in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown may occur in the lower part of the Bt horizon of some pedons. Texture is silty clay loam, silty clay, clay, or clay loam. In some pedons, the upper Bt horizon may be loam or silt loam. The particle size control section averages more than 30 percent silt or more than 40 percent silt plus very fine sand.
The BCt horizon has hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 3 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8. Iron accumulations in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown may occur in some pedons. Texture is silty clay loam, clay loam, loam, or silt loam.
The C horizon, where present, has hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 3 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8. Some pedons may contain mottles in shades of yellow or brown. Iron accumulations in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown may occur in some pedons. Texture is silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam saprolite in the fine-earth fraction.
The Cr horizon is multicolored, weathered Triassic siltstone, mudstone,
conglomerate, or shale.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Capshaw and Carbonton series in the same family. Capshaw soils have a solum thickness of 40 to 60 inches, a depth to limestone bedrock of 40 to 80 inches, and lack the high aluminum concentrations. Carbonton soils have Cr horizons within 20 to 40 inches of the surface.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Brickhaven soils are gently sloping to moderately steep and are on ridges and hill slopes in the Triassic Basins of the Southern Piedmont. Slopes range from 2 to 40 percent. These soils formed in residuum weathered from Triassic siltstone, mudstone, conglomerate, or shale. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 57 to 65 degrees F., and mean annual precipitation ranges from 41 to 53 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing
Carbonton series in the same family and the
Creedmoor,
Green Level,
Hallison,
Mooshaunee,
Pinoka,
Polkton, and
White Store series. The well drained to moderately well drained Hallison soils are fine-silty and are in slight depressions, adjacent to drainageways, or at the heads of drains. The moderately well drained Mooshaunee soils are fine-silty, moderately deep to Cr, and are in slight depressions, adjacent to drainageways, or at the heads of drains. Pinoka soils are fine-loamy, moderately deep to R, and are on ridges and shoulder slopes.
Mayodan and Creedmoor soils do not have a Cr horizon within 60 inches and are on ridges and hill slopes. The moderately well drained Polkton and White Store soils and
the somewhat poorly drained Green Level soils have very high shrink-swell potential and are on ridges and hill slopes. In addition, Polkton soils are moderately deep to a Cr horizon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; medium to very rapid runoff; slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of this soil is in woodland with some small areas in pasture. Forested areas are loblolly pine, shortleaf pine, southern red oak, white oak, and hickory. Understory species are dominantly red maple, sweet gum, eastern red cedar, flowering dogwood, and sourwood.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Triassic Basins of the Southern Piedmont of North Carolina and possibly South Carolina and Virginia. The series has small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Chatham County, North Carolina; 2005. The name is from the community of Brickhaven in Chatham County.
REMARKS: This series was formerly included with the Mayodan series. Mayodan soils are very deep to bedrock. This soil is seldom used as cropland due to high aluminum concentrations and very low natural fertility.
Diagnostic features and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 7 inches (A and E horizons).
Argillic horizon - the zone from 7 to 51 inches below the surface (Bt1, Bt2, and BCt horizons).
Paralithic contact - the occurrence of weathered bedrock at a depth of 51 inches (upper boundary of the Cr horizon).
SIR = NC0143 MLRA = 136
ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization data is available from the National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska; pedon number S94NC-037-001.
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation NC0143 BRICKHAVEN 2- 40 57- 65 150-202 41- 53 200- 350SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness NC0143 NONE 1.5-3.0 PERCHED NOV-MAY 40-60 SOFT
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- NC0143 0- 7 SIL L VFSL 0- 3 90-100 8-27 7- 9 NC0143 0- 7 FSL 0- 3 90-100 8-20 7- 9 NC0143 7-37 SICL SIC C 0- 5 90-100 35-60 10- 25 NC0143 37-51 SICL SIL L 0- 5 90-100 15-40 7- 15 NC0143 51-62 WB - - - -
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll NC0143 0- 7 3.6- 5.5 1.-2. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NC0143 0- 7 3.6- 5.5 1.-2. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NC0143 7-37 3.6- 5.0 0.-.5 0- 0 0.06- 0.2 MODERATE NC0143 37-51 3.6- 5.0 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NC0143 51-62 - - - -