LOCATION BURLESON                TX+OK

Established Series
JRC-ELG-RMR-RM
08/2017

BURLESON SERIES

The Burleson series consists of very deep to clayey alluvium, moderately well drained soils that formed in calcareous clayey alluvium of Pleistocene age derived from mixed sources. These nearly level to gently sloping soils are on treads of Pleistocene stream terraces. Slope ranges from 0 to 5 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 940 mm (37 in) and the mean annual air temperature is about 20 degrees C (68 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Udic Haplusterts

TYPICAL PEDON: Burleson clay--in a native pasture; in a pit midway between center of microdepressions and microknolls. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated).

A1--0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay, black (10YR 2/1), moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine angular blocky; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; many fine roots; cracks from 2 to 4 cm wide extend through the horizon; 1 percent flat weakly cemented 2 to 5 mm shell fragments; 1 percent non-flat rounded indurated 2 to 5 mm quartzite fragments; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

A2--15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 in); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay, black (10YR 2/1), moist; moderate medium angular blocky structure parting to moderate very fine angular blocky; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; many fine roots; cracks from 2 to 4 cm wide extend through the horizon; 35 percent distinct pressure faces; 1 percent fine non-flat rounded indurated 2 to 5 mm quartzite fragments; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon is 0 to 60 cm [0 to 24 in])

Bss--30 to 61 cm (12 to 24 in); dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay, very dark gray (10YR 3/1), moist; moderate medium wedge and moderate coarse wedge structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few fine roots; 25 percent slickensides tilted from horizontal 30 to 60 degrees; 1 percent fine non-flat rounded indurated 2 to 5 mm quartzite fragments; 1 percent fine iron-manganese concretions; 1 percent fine iron-manganese masses; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Thickness of the Bss horizon is 20 to 76 cm [8 to 30 in])

Bkss1--61 to 99 cm (24 to 39 in); dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay, very dark gray (10YR 3/1), moist; moderate medium wedge and moderate coarse wedge structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few fine roots; cracks from 2 to 4 cm wide extend through the horizon; 25 percent slickensides tilted from horizontal 30 to 60 degrees; 1 percent fine iron-manganese concretions; 1 percent fine iron-manganese masses; 1 percent fine carbonate concretions and 1 percent fine carbonate masses; 1 percent fine non-flat rounded indurated 2 to 5 mm quartzite fragments; very slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

Bkss2--99 to 130 cm (39 to 51 in); gray (10YR 5/1) clay, dark gray (10YR 4/1), moist; few fine and medium pink (5YR 7/4) mottles; moderate medium wedge and moderate coarse wedge structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few fine roots; 25 percent slickensides tilted from horizontal 30 to 60 degrees; 1 percent fine iron-manganese concretions; 1 percent fine iron-manganese masses; 1 percent fine carbonate concretions; 1 percent fine non-flat rounded indurated 2 to 5 mm quartzite fragments; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear irregular boundary.

Bkss3--130 to 193 cm (51 to 76 in); gray (10YR 5/1) clay, dark gray (10YR 4/1), moist; common reddish brown (5YR 4/3) mottles; moderate medium wedge and moderate coarse wedge structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few fine roots; 25 percent slickensides tilted from horizontal 30 to 60 degrees; few very dark gray crack fillings; 1 percent fine iron-manganese concretions; 1 percent fine carbonate concretions and 1 percent fine carbonate masses; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline. (Combined thickness of the Bkss horizon is 0 to 91 cm [0 to 36 in])

2BCkss--193 to 203 cm (76 to 80 in); silty clay, yellowish red (5YR 4/6), moist; few gray (10YR 6/1) mottles; moderate coarse angular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few fine roots; 25 percent slickensides tilted from horizontal 30 to 60 degrees; few dark gray crack fillings; 5 percent fine carbonate concretions and 5 percent fine carbonate masses; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Burleson County, Texas; from intersection of Farm Road 2155 and Farm Road 60 in northwest edge of Snook, Texas; 0.7 mile southwest on Farm Road 60; 220 ft south in native pasture.
USGS topographic quadrangle: Snook, TX;
Latitude: 30 degrees, 29 minutes, 18 seconds North;
Longitude: 96 degrees, 28 minutes, 50 seconds West.
Datum:

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Solum depth: greater than 152 cm (60 in)
Soil moisture: dry in some or all parts of the soil moisture control section,
for 90 or more cumulative days and moist, in some part, either for more than 180 cumulative days per year, or for 90 or more consecutive days in normal years; ustic moisture regime that borders on udic
Soil temperature: 15 to 22 degrees C (59 to 72 degrees F)
Rock fragments: amount-1 to 35 percent; kind-quartzite; size-gravels or cobbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 15 percent

Particle-size control section:
Clay content: 40 to 60 percent
Rock fragments: amount-1 to 5 percent; kind-quartzite; size-gravels or cobbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 9 percent

A horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2 dry or moist
Texture: clay, silty clay, gravelly clay, clay loam
Rock fragments: 1 to 17 percent quartzite
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent
Electrical Conductivity (decisiemens per meter): 0 to 2
Effervescence: none
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline; moderately alkaline on microknolls

Bss horizon (upper part)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 5 dry, 2 to 4 moist
Chroma: 1 dry or moist
Texture: clay, or silty clay
Redox concentration: 1 or 2 percent, fine or medium, iron-manganese concretions or masses
Rock fragments: 1 to 10 percent quartzite
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 2 to 8 percent
Electrical Conductivity (decisiemens per meter): 0 to 4
Effervescence: none or very slight
Reaction: moderately acid to moderately alkaline

Bss (lower part) and Bkss horizon
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 or 6 dry, 2 to 4 moist
Chroma: 1 to 3 dry or moist
Texture: clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Redox concentration: 1 or 2 percent, fine or medium, iron-manganese concretions or masses
Rock fragments: 1 to 14 percent quartzite
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 2 to 15 percent
Identifiable secondary carbonates: 2 to 5 percent, fine or medium, carbonate masses or carbonate concretions, throughout
Electrical Conductivity (decisiemens per meter): 0 to 4
Effervescence: slight or strong
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

2BCkss, 2CBkss, 2Ck, BCk, BCkss, Ck, CBkss, and CBk horizon (where present)
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 7 dry, 4 to 8 moist.
Chroma: 1 or 6 dry or moist.
Texture: clay loam, silty clay loam, clay, or silty clay
Rock fragments: 1 to 14 percent quartzite
Calcium Carbonate Equivalent: 2 to 15 percent
Identifiable secondary carbonates: 2 to 10 percent, fine or medium, carbonate masses or carbonate concretions, throughout
Electrical Conductivity (decisiemens per meter):0 to 4
Effervescence: slight to violent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These include the Bleiblerville (TX), Branyon (TX), Clarita (X), Deport (TX), Dimebox (TX), Ellis (TX), Fairlie (TX), Heiden (TX), Houston Black (TX), Lazare (TX), Leson (TX), Luling (TX), McLean (TX), Ovan (TX), Sanger (TX), Slidell (TX), Sparenberg (TX), and Watonga (OK)series.

Bleiblerville, Heiden, Houston Black, and Sanger soils: are calcareous throughout, and have more amplitude of waviness.
Branyon and Slidell soils: are calcareous at depths of less than 30 cm (12 in)
Clarita soils: have subsoil with hue of 7.5YR or redder and have a sola that is deep to very deep.
Deport soils: deep (100 to 150 cm [40 to 60 in]) solum depth to alkaline clayey materials stratified, with weakly consolidated shale.
Dimebox soils: contain ironstone fragments in the surface layer, have more amplitude of waviness, and are on broad ridges on inland dissected coastal plains
Ellis soils: have sola less than 150 cm (60 in)
Fairlie soils: have a paralithic contact with chalk at a depth of 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in).
Lazare soils: formed in clayey lacustrine sediments of Pleistocene age and are on the floor and side slopes of small depressions
Leson soils: have more amplitude of waviness, typically have chroma of 2 or more within 100 cm (40 in) of the surface, and are on broad ridges on dissected plains
Luling soils: have chroma of 2 throughout and are on broad ridges on inland dissected coastal plains
McLean and Sparenburg soils: formed in clayey lacustrine sediments derived from Blackwater Draw Formation of Pleistocene age and are in a slightly dryer climate.
Ovan soils: have chroma of 2 throughout and are on flood plains
Watonga soils: formed in calcareous loamy and clayey alluvium are on nearly level to slightly concave flood plains

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: Calcareous clayey alluvium of Pleistocene age derived from mixed sources.
Landscape: River valleys and dissected plains
Landform: treads of Pleistocene stream terraces
Micro-relief: This is a cyclic soil and undisturbed areas have gilgai micro-relief with micro-knolls 15 to about 30 cm (6 to 12 in) higher than micro-depressions. Distance between the center of the micro-knoll and the center of the micro-depression is about 1.5 to 4.5 m (5 to 15 ft). The micro-knoll makes up about 20 percent, the intermediate, or area between the knoll and depression, about 50 percent, and the micro-depression about 30 percent.
Slope: 0 to 5 percent
Soil Moisture: Udic ustic soil moisture regime
Mean annual air temperature: 16.4 to 21 degrees C (61.5 to 70 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 813 to 1204 mm (32 to 47.4 in)
Frost-free period: 220 to 270 days
Elevation: 35.6 to 296.5 m (116.8 to 972.8 ft)
Thornthwaite annual P-E induces: 48 to 68

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Branyon, Heiden, Houston Black and Leson series and the Kaufman, Ships, and Wilson series.
Branyon soils: are calcareous in the surface and are on similar positions on stream terraces
Heiden, Houston Black, and Leson soils: on slightly higher broad ridges on dissected plains
Kaufman and Ships soils: have very-fine control sections, and are on lower flood plains
Wilson soils: have argillic horizons, and are on similar positions

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class: Moderately well.
Permeability class: Very slow.
Runoff: high on 0 to less than 1 percent slopes, very high on 1 to 5 percent slopes.
Water enters the soil rapidly when it is dry and cracked, and very slowly when it is moist.

USE AND VEGETATION: Areas in native rangeland produce little bluestem, big bluestem, Indiangrass, eastern gamma, and switchgrass in excellent condition. Pasture grasses include improved bermudagrass, common bermudagrass, and kleingrass. Cultivated crops are mainly cotton, sorghum, corn and small grains.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Blackland Prairies and Claypan Area of Texas (MLRAs 86A, 86B, 87A, and 87B). The series is extensive.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Brazos County, Texas; 1951

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Particle-size control section: 25 to 100 cm (10 to 40 inches) (A,Bss)
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 99 cm (0 to 39 in) (A1, A2, Bss, and Bkss1 horizons)
Slickensides: 30 to 203 cm (12 to 80 in) (Bss, Bkss1, Bkss2, Bkss3, 2BCkss)
Secondary carbonates: 61 to 203 cm (24 to 80 in) (Bkss1, Bkss2, Bkss3, 2BCkss)
Free carbonates: 61 to 203 cm (24 to 80 in) (Bkss1, Bkss2, Bkss3, 2BCkss)
Redoximorphic concentrations: 30 to 193 cm (12 to 76 in) (Bss, Bkss1, Bkss2, Bkss3)

Additional Comments: When dry, cracks 2 to 10 cm (1 to 4 in) wide extend from the surface to a depth of 102 cm (40 in) or more. The cracks remain open for 90 to 150 cumulative days during most years. Slickensides begin at a depth of 20 to 61 cm (8 to 24 in).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory: 63TX051090, S62TX-43-3(LSL17746- 17752), S62TX-43-4(LSL17753-17759), S77TX-051-5(78P0039-78P0047), and S77TX-051-6(78P0048-78P0056).

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.

Soil Interpretation Record: TX0017

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.