LOCATION CARROLLTON              NY+PA

Established Series
SF/Rev MDJ
05/2013

CARROLLTON SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, frigid Typic Hapludults

TYPICAL PEDON: Carrollton channery silt loam, on a 6 percent slope in an idle field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.) Elevation 628 meters (2060 feet).

Ap--0 to 10 cm (4 inches); dark brown (10YR 3/3) channery silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak medium and coarse granular structure; friable; common fine roots; 15 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (10 to 30 centimeters)(4 to 12 inches thick)

BE--10 to 30 cm (4 to 10 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) channery silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; common fine pores; 20 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 30 centimeters)(4 to 10 inches thick)

Bt1--30 to 43 cm (10 to 17 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) channery silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common fine pores; common distinct clay films on all surfaces of peds and on surfaces along pores; 15 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bt2--43 to 68 cm (17 to 27 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) channery silt loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common fine pores; common distinct clay films on surfaces along pores and on vertical faces of peds; 20 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid. (combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 30 to 60 centimeters (12 to 24 inches.))

R--68 cm (27 inches); olive gray (5Y 4/2) siltstone and shale bedrock.

TYPE LOCATION:
County: Chautauqua
State: New York
USGS Topographic Quadrangle: Ivory, NY
Latitude: 42 02 13 N (NAD 1927) 42 02 12.5 (NAD 1983 UTM Zone 18N)
Longitude: 79 04 00 W (NAD 1927) 79 04 4.1 (NAD 1983 UTM Zone 18N)
Directions to Pedon: Town of Carroll, 152 meters (500 feet) west of Oak Hill Road and Co. Rt. 336, 6 meters (20 feet) north of Co. Rt. 336.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the top of the Argillic: 15 to 56 centimeters (6 to 22 inches)
Solum Thickness: Ranges from 50 to 100 centimeters (20 to 40 inches).
Depth to Bedrock: Rippable bedrock is at a depth of 50 to 100 centimeters (20 to 40 inches).
Depth Class: Moderately Deep
Rock fragment content: mainly channers and flagstones, range from 15 to 35 percent by volume throughout. : In some pedons, a C horizon is present, with rock fragments ranging from 15 to 50 percent.
Soil Reaction Class: very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the soil.

Range of Individual Horizons:
Ap horizon, or A horizon in undisturbed pedons
Color: Hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 1 to 4.
Texture (fine-earth fraction): silt loam or loam.

BE horizon
Color: Hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8.
Texture (fine earth fraction): loam or silt loam.

Bt horizon
Color: Hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8.
Texture (fine earth fraction): silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam.
Structure is weak or moderate, angular or subangular blocky.
Consistence is friable or firm.

C horizon, when present:
Color: Hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8.
Texture (fine earth fraction): silt loam, loam, silty clay loam or clay loam.
Consistence is friable or firm.
The horizon is massive or has platy structure.

R horizon:
Horizontally bedded siltstone, shale or fine-grained sandstone bedrock that is commonly interbedded.

COMPETING SERIES:
Kinzua soils are deeper than 102 cm (40 inches) to bedrock.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
MLRA(s) using this series: 127, 140
Landscape: Eastern Alleghany Mountains and Plateau, Glaciated Alleghany Plateau and Catskill Mountains
Landform:Mountains, Hills, Plateaus
Geomorphic Component: Crests
Hillslope ProfilePosition: Summits and shoulders
Parent Material Origin: Residuum
Parent Material Kind: Interbedded shale, siltstone, and fine grained sandstone.
Slope: 3 to 50 percent
Elevation: 550 to 731 meters (1800 to 2400 feet).
Frost-free period: 90 to 120 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 4 to 7 degrees C (40 to 45 degrees F)
Mean Annual Precipitation: 762 to 1143 millimeters (30 to 45 inches)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Chautauqua soils are very deep
Eldred soils are most than 100 centimeters (40 inches) to bedrock and have subsoils with redoximorphic features.
Elko are more than 100 centimeters (40 inches) to bedrock and have subsoils with redoximorphic features.
Ernest soils are more than 100 centimeters (40 inches) to bedrock and have subsoils with redoximorphic features.
Frewsburg soils are somewhat poorly drained and have subsoils with redoximorphic features.
Kinzua soils are very deep.
Onoville soils are more than 100 centimeters (40 inches) deep to bedrock.
Rayne soils are more than 100 centimeters (40 inches) deep to bedrock.
Shongo soils are somewhat poorly drained and have subsoils with redoximorphic features.
Schuyler soils are lower elevation and have a mesic temperature regime.
Valois soils are very deep.
Wharton soils are more than 100 centimeters (40 inches) to bedrock and have subsoils with redoximorphic features.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Moderately well and well drained
Index Surface Runoff: Medium to very rapid.
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: Moderately high to high.
Permeability (Obsolete): Moderate
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Forests, pastures, and short season crops
Dominant Vegetation: Sugar Maple, Northern Red Oak, White Oak, and Beech
Many areas that were formerly cleared for crop production are now idle and reverting to brush and trees.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Unglaciated areas of southwestern New York above 1800 feet.
Extent: Moderate

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Chautauqua County, New York, 1988.

REMARKS: This soil was originally classified as an Alfisol. It now classifies in the subgroup of Typic Hapludults.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
a. Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to 10 inches (Ap and BE horizons).
b. Argillic horizon - the zone from 25 to 68 cm (10 to 27 inches) (Bt1 and
Bt2 horizons).
c. Lithic contact - bedrock at 68 cm (27 inches).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.