LOCATION CATUNA TX

Established Series
ACP:EM:SJR
12/2022

CATUNA SERIES

The Catuna series consists of very deep, very poorly drained, slowly permeable soils. They formed in loamy and clayey residuum derived from mudstone of the Wilcox Group. These soils are on depressional areas on interfluves in the Western Coastal Plains (MLRA 133B). Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 18 degrees C (64 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is about 1,346 mm (53 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, siliceous, active, thermic Typic Epiaqualfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Catuna silt loam in a woodland, at an elevation of 99 m (326 ft). (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 7 cm (0 to 3 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) broken face and dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) broken face silt loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine roots throughout; common fine low-continuity interstitial pores; 5 percent fine prominent irregular strong brown (7.5YR 5/8), moist, iron-manganese masses with clear boundaries in matrix; extremely acid (pH 4.4, pH meter); clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the A horizon is 4 to 21 cm [2 to 8 in])

Eg--7 to 30 cm (3 to 12 in); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) broken face and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) broken face silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine roots throughout; common fine low-continuity interstitial pores; 15 percent fine prominent irregular strong brown (7.5YR 5/8), moist, iron-manganese masses with clear boundaries in matrix; extremely acid (pH 4.2, pH meter); clear wavy boundary. (Thickness of the Eg horizon is 11 to 58 cm [4 to 23 in])

Btg/E--30 to 48 cm (12 to 19 in); gray (10YR 5/1) broken face and gray (10YR 5/1) broken face silt loam; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine roots between peds; common fine low-continuity interstitial pores; 30 percent distinct gray (10YR 5/1), moist, clay films on all faces of peds; 15 percent fine prominent irregular strong brown (7.5YR 5/8), moist, iron-manganese masses with clear boundaries in matrix; 5 percent albic material (E) as vertical streaks; extremely acid (pH 4.2, pH meter); clear wavy boundary. (Thickness of the Btg/E horizon is 10 to 61 cm [4 to 24 in])

2Btg1--48 to 80 cm (19 to 31 in); gray (10YR 5/1) broken face and gray (10YR 5/1) broken face silty clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine angular blocky; very firm, very sticky, very plastic; few fine roots between peds; common fine low-continuity interstitial pores; 3 percent distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), moist, skeletans on all faces of peds; 30 percent distinct gray (10YR 5/1), moist, clay films on all faces of peds; 15 percent fine prominent irregular strong brown (7.5YR 5/8), moist, iron-manganese masses with clear boundaries in matrix; extremely acid (pH 4.2, pH meter); clear smooth boundary.

2Btg2--80 to 130 cm (31 to 51 in); gray (10YR 5/1) broken face and gray (10YR 5/1) broken face clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to strong fine angular blocky; very firm, very sticky, very plastic; few fine roots between peds; common fine low-continuity interstitial pores; 3 percent distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), moist, skeletans on all faces of peds and 20 percent distinct gray (10YR 5/1), moist, clay films on all faces of peds; 2 percent fine prominent irregular red (2.5YR 4/8), moist, iron-manganese masses with clear boundaries in matrix; 5 percent fine prominent irregular strong brown (7.5YR 5/8), moist, iron-manganese masses with clear boundaries in matrix; extremely acid (pH 4.1, pH meter); clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the 2Btg horizon is 35 to 115 cm [14 to 45 in])

2Btg/E--130 to 165 cm (51 to 65 in); gray (2.5Y 6/1) broken face and gray (2.5Y 6/1) broken face clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine angular blocky; very firm, very sticky, very plastic; very few fine roots between peds; common fine low-continuity interstitial pores; 30 percent distinct gray (2.5Y 6/1), moist, clay films on all faces of peds; 5 percent fine prominent irregular yellowish red (5YR 5/8), moist, iron-manganese masses with clear boundaries in matrix; 10 percent albic material (E) as vertical streaks; extremely acid (pH 3.8, pH meter); clear wavy boundary. (Thickness of the 2Bt/Eg horizon is 35 to 48 cm [14 to 19 in])

2Btyg--165 to 200 cm (65 to 80 in); gray (2.5Y 6/1) broken face and gray (2.5Y 6/1) broken face clay loam; 5 percent fine distinct irregular brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) and 5 percent fine distinct irregular brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky, and moderate fine platy structure; very firm, very sticky, very plastic; 30 percent distinct gray (2.5Y 6/1), moist, clay films on vertical faces of peds; 5 percent fine prominent irregular yellowish red (5YR 5/8), moist, iron-manganese masses with clear boundaries in matrix; 2 percent fine distinct irregular gypsum crystal clusters with sharp boundaries throughout; extremely acid (pH 3.8, pH meter).

TYPE LOCATION: Panola County, Texas; from the intersection of FM 31 and FM 451 in Elysian Fields, 1.25 miles east on FM 451, 1 mile south on CR 336, 160 feet west on field road, 595 feet north on field, and 20 feet east at edge of woods.

USGS Topographic Quadrangle: De Berry, TX
Latitude: 32 degrees, 21 minutes, 46.65 seconds N
Longitude: 94 degrees, 9 minutes, 49.88 seconds W

Decimal Degrees:
Latitude: 32.3629570 degrees
Longitude: -94.1638565 degrees
Datum: WGS84

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: 127 to 200 cm (50 to about 80 in)
Sand content: dominantly very fine sand; 10 to 40 percent in the control section
Exchangeable sodium: less than 5 percent to 40 percent in the lower part of the solum

A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 6
Chroma: 2 or 3
Other color features: value of 3, thickness is less than 15 cm (6 in) thick
Texture: silt loam
Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid

Eg horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 8
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or silt loam
Redox concentrations: amount-1 to 20 percent; size-coarse to fine; contrast-faint to prominent; color-shades of brown; boundary-diffuse or clear; location-matrix
Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid

Btg/E horizon:
Btg part
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2

E part
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 6 to 8
Chroma: 1 or 2

Texture: silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Iron concentrations: amount-1 to 25 percent; color-brown or yellow; boundary-clear or diffuse
Iron depletions: amount-1 to 10 percent; color-gray; boundary-clear or diffuse; location-Eg part
Redox concentrations: amount-1 to 25 percent; size-coarse to fine; contrast-faint to prominent; color-shades of brown; boundary-diffuse or clear; location-matrix
Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid

Btg horizon (where present):
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam
Redox concentrations: amount-1 to 30 percent; size-coarse to fine; contrast-faint to prominent; color-shades of brown or yellow; boundary-diffuse or clear; location-matrix
Redox depletions: amount-1 to 15 percent; size-medium to fine; contrast-faint to distinct; color-shades of gray; boundary-diffuse or clear; location-matrix
Iron-manganese concretions: amount-0 to 10 percent; color-brown to black; boundary-clear or sharp; location-matrix
Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid

2Btg horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: greater than 35 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-1 to 20 percent; size-coarse to fine; contrast-distinct to prominent; color-shades of brown or yellow; boundary-diffuse or clear; location-matrix
Iron-manganese concretions: amount-0 to 10 percent; color-brown to black; boundary-clear or sharp; location-matrix
Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid

2Btg/E horizon:
2Btg part
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 or 2

E part
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 6 or 7
Chroma: 1 or 2

Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, or clay
Clay content: greater than 35 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-1 to 25 percent; size-fine; contrast-prominent; color-shades of brown or yellow; boundary-diffuse or clear; location-matrix
Iron-manganese concretions: amount-0 to 10 percent; color-brown to black; boundary-clear or sharp; location-matrix
Other features: some pedons do not have this horizon
Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid

2Btyg horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, or clay
Clay content: greater than 35 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-1 to 25 percent; size-fine; contrast-prominent; color-shades of brown or yellow; boundary-diffuse or clear; location-matrix
Iron-manganese concretions: amount-0 to 10 percent; color-brown to black; boundary-clear or sharp; location-matrix
Gypsum content: amount-1 to 5 percent; kind-crystals
Other features: some pedons do not have this horizon
Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid

BCg horizon (where present):
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, or clay
Redox concentrations: amount-1 to 25 percent; size-medium; contrast-prominent; color-shades of brown or yellow; boundary-diffuse or clear; location-matrix
Iron-manganese concretions: amount-0 to 10 percent; color-brown to black; boundary-clear or sharp; location-matrix
Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid

Cg horizon (where present):
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Redox concentrations: amount-1 to 25 percent; size-coarse; contrast-prominent; color-shades of brown or yellow; boundary-diffuse or clear; location-matrix
Iron-manganese concretions: amount-0 to 10 percent; color-brown to black; boundary-clear or sharp; location-matrix
Reaction: strongly acid to moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bissonnet and Cupco series.
Bissonnet soils: do not have an albic horizon or tonguing of the E horizon into the Btg horizon.
Cupco soils: do not have a lower Bt horizon that has a clay content greater than 35 percent

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent Material: residuum or colluvium derived from mudstone of the Eocene Wilcox Group
Landscape: coastal plain
Landform: interfluve
Landform: depression
Slope: 0 to 1 percent
Soil Moisture: an aquic soil moisture regime
Mean annual soil temperature range: 18 to 20 degrees C (64 to 68 degrees F)
Mean annual air temperature range: 17 to 19.5 degrees C (63 to 67 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation range: 1118 mm to 1372 mm (44 to 54 in)
Precipitation Pattern: July and August are the driest months, while November to May are the wettest months
Frost-free period: 230 to 250 days
Elevation: 60 to 100 m (197 to 328 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are Eastwood, Keatchie, Latex, Hallsummit, and Scottsville soils.
Eastwood soils: are on higher positions, have a fine particle-size control section, and have smectitic mineralogy
Keatchie soils: are on higher positions, have a brown upper argillic horizon, and have 5 to 15 percent albic materials (E) in the lower argillic horizon
Latex soils: are on higher positions and have a lithologic discontinuity between 100 and 150 cm (39 to 59 in)
Hallsummit soils: are on higher positions, have a fine particle-size control section, have mixed mineralogy, and have 20 percent or more relative clay decrease in a horizon above 150 cm (59 in)
Scottsville soils: have a fine particle-size control section and have siliceous over smectitic mineralogy

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: poorly, except where ponded
Permeability: slow
Runoff: slow
Seasonal high water table: 0 to 46 cm (0 to 1.5 ft) below the surface from December through May, except where ponded
Ponding: from 30 cm (1 ft) above the surface, to 15 cm (0.5 ft) below the surface, most of the time

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are in woodland. Water oak, loblolly pine, and shortleaf pine are dominant. Some areas are used as pastureland or cropland.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General area: Texas and Louisiana
Land Resource Region: P-South Atlantic and Gulf Slope Cash Crops, Forest, and Livestock Region
MLRA 133B-Western Coastal Plain
Extent: moderate

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES PROPOSED: Panola County, Texas, 2012. MLRA 133B soil survey area, Texas, 2012. The name is from a town in DeSoto Parish, Louisiana.

REMARKS:
This soil was formerly included in the Guyton series.

Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized are:
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 30 cm (0 to 12 in) (A, Eg horizons)
Albic horizon: 7 to 30 cm (3 to 12 in) (Eg horizon)
Albic intrusions of E material into the Btg horizon: 30 to 48 cm (12 to 19 in) (Btg/E horizon)
Argillic horizon: 30 to 200 cm (12 to 80 in) (Btg/E, 2Btg1, 2Btg2, 2Btg/E, 2Btyg horizons)

Edited 06/2018 (JAD-SJR-TMH) Changed to tabular format. Updated pedon description, Range in Characteristics, and other sections.

ADDITIONAL DATA: None

TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.