LOCATION LATEX TXEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Glossic Paleudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Latex fine sandy loam, on smooth 3 percent slope in a bermudagrass hay meadow. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 3 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak medium granular structure; very friable; many fine, common medium, and few coarse roots; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 8 inches thick)
E--3 to 10 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and few medium roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 14 inches thick)
Bt1--10 to 18 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) clay loam; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; common fine and few medium roots; few thin patchy clay films on surfaces of peds; few fine faint yellowish red (5YR 5/6) redox concentrations; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (7 to 18 inches thick)
Bt2--18 to 33 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay loam; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse subangular blocky; firm; few fine roots; few thin patchy clay films on surfaces of peds; about 3 percent by volume ironstone pebbles; common fine distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) redox concentrations; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
Bt/E--33 to 42 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse subangular blocky; firm; few fine roots; few thin patchy clay films on surface of peds; about 8 percent of horizon is streaks and pockets of light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) albic materials (E); few fine black concretions; about 4 percent by volume ironstone pebbles; common fine faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and common medium distinct red (2.5YR 4/6) redox concentrations; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 15 inches thick)
2Bt/E--42 to 46 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; very firm; few fine roots; common thin patchy clay films on surface of peds; about 7 percent of horizon is streaks and pockets of light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and pale brown (10YR 6/3) albic materials (E); few fine prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; few medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) redox concentrations; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
2Btg--46 to 75 inches; variegated light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), red (2.5YR 4/8), and brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) clay; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine angular blocky; very firm; few fine roots; few thin patchy clay films on surface of peds; about 3 percent by volume streaks and pockets of light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) albic materials; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (15 to 40 inches thick)
2BCg--75 to 80 inches; variegated light gray (10YR 7/1), red (2.5YR 4/8) and yellowish red (5YR 5/8) weakly stratified very fine sandy loam and silt loam; weak coarse platy structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; firm; extremely acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Harrison County, Texas; from the intersection of U.S. Highway 59 and 80 in Marshall, 0.45 mile south on U.S. Highway 59, 15.1 miles southeast on Farm Road 31, 1.2 miles east on Farm Road 451, 1.3 miles north on county road, 0.15 mile west on private road and 150 feet south in hay meadow.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: More than 80 inches
Clay content in the Control Section: 18 to 35 percent
Redoximorphic features: Iron concentrations in shades of red, yellow, brown, and iron depletions in shades of gray in the lower part of the subsoil
Other distinctive soil features: Combined thickness of the A and E horizons ranges from 6 to 18 inches. Depth to the clayey discontinuity ranges from 36 to 60 inches. Petrified wood fragments less than 3 inches across range from none to few near the contact of the 2Bt horizon.
Concentrated minerals: Base saturation at a depth 50 inches below the top of the Bt horizon ranges from 35 to 60 percent.
A horizon:
Color--Hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4
Redoximorphic features--None
Texture--Fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or loam
Other features--None
Reaction--Very strongly acid to moderately acid, unless limed
E horizon:
Color--Hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 3 or 4
Redoximorphic features--None
Texture--Fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or loam
Other features--None
Reaction--Very strongly acid to moderately acid, unless limed
EB horizon: (where present)
Color--Hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma 6 or 8
Redoximorphic features--None
Texture--Fine sandy loam or very fine sandy loam
Other features--None
Reaction--Very strongly acid or strongly acid unless limed
Bt horizon:
Color--Hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 6 or 8
Redoximorphic features--Iron concentrations range from none to common in shades of red, brown, or yellow
Texture--Loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam
Other features--Streaks and pockets of albic materials range from 0 to 4 percent by volume. Ironstone pebbles range from 0 to 15 percent by volume, however some pedons have pockets 6 to 10 inches in diameter that contain up to 35 percent pebbles.
Reaction--Very strongly acid or strongly acid
Bt/E horizon:
Color--Hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 6 or 8 in the Bt parts; the E part consists of streaks and pockets of albic materials that range from 5 to 10 percent by volume.
Redoximorphic features--Iron concentrations in shades of red, yellow, brown, and iron depletions in shades of gray range from few to common. Some horizons have a variegated matrix of these colors. Brittle masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, dark red or yellowish red comprise up to 25 percent by volume in some pedons.
Texture--Clay loam, loam or sandy clay loam
Other features--Ironstone pebbles range from 0 to 15 percent by volume throughout.
Reaction--Very strongly acid or strongly acid
2Bt horizon: (where present)
Color--Hue of 10R to 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 6 or 8
Redoximorphic features--Iron concentrations in shades of brown or yellow, and iron depletions in shades of gray range from few to many. Some pedons have a variegated matrix with these colors.
Texture--Clay loam or clay with 35 to 45 percent clay
Other features--Ironstone pebbles range from 0 to 10 percent by volume throughout.
Reaction--Very strongly acid
2Bt/E horizon:
Color--Hue of 10R to 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 6 or 8 in the Bt parts; the E part consists of streaks and pockets of albic materials that range from 5 to 15 percent by volume
Redoximorphic features--Iron concentrations in shades of brown or yellow, and iron depletions in shades of gray range from few to many. Some pedons have a variegated matrix with these colors.
Texture--Clay loam or clay with 35 to 45 percent clay
Other features--Ironstone pebbles range from 0 to 10 percent by volume throughout.
Reaction--Very strongly acid
2Btg horizon:
Color--Hue of 10YR, value of 6 or 7, chroma of 1 or 2
Redoximorphic features--Iron concentrations range from few to many in shades of yellow, red or brown. Some pedons are variegated with these colors.
Texture--Clay or silty clay
Other features--Steaks and pockets of albic materials range from 0 to 4 percent by volume. Slickensides range from none to a few and are less than 4 inches across.
Reaction--Very strongly acid
2BCg horizon:
Color--Hue of 10YR, value of 6 or 7, chroma of 1 or 2
Redoximorphic features--Iron concentrations range from common to many in shades of yellow, red or brown. Some pedons are variegated with these colors.
Texture--Stratified clay loam, silty clay, clay, very fine sandy loam, or silt loam
Other features--Pressure faces range from none to few.
Reaction--Extremely acid or very strongly acid
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bernaldo, Bernow, and Gallime series in the same family, and the Freestone, Keithville, Kolin, Naldo, Raino, Sawtown, Scottsville, Vesey, and Whakana series in closely related families. Bernaldo, Bernow, Gallime, Naldo, Vesey, and Whakana soils do not have a clayey discontinuity in the lower part of the subsoil. In addition, Naldo, Vesey, and Whakana soils have mixed mineralogy, and Vesey and Whakana soils do not have a saturated zone within a depth of 80 inches. Freestone, Keithville, and Scottsville soils have aquic conditions within a depth of 30 inches. Keithville, Kolin, and Sawtown soils have a fine-silty control section. Raino and Scottsville soils have a fine-loamy over clayey particle-size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Latex soils are on very gently sloping coastal plain terraces. These soils are on low convex ridges and stream divides. Slope gradients are 1 to 3 percent. The soils formed in loamy Pliestocene age sediments over clayey Tertiary age deposits on upland terraces. Mean annual temperature is about 64 to 68 degrees F. The mean annual precipitation is about 40 to 48 inches, and the Thornthwaite P-E index ranges from 68 to 76. Summer moisture deficit ranges from 4 to 6 inches and frost-free precipitation ranges from 25 to 30 inches. Frost free days range from 220 to 250 and the elevation ranges from 150 to 450 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the closely related Scottsville soils, and the Bernaldo and Eastwood soils. Bernaldo soils are on lower lying terraces on smooth slopes, or on low ridges. They do not have a clayey discontinuity. Eastwood soils are on gently sloping to moderately steep stream divides or sideslopes along drainageways. They are clayey throughout the subsoil. Scottsville soils are on slightly lower positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Latex soils are moderately well drained. Permeability is moderate in the Bt horizon and slow in the 2Bt horizon. Runoff is negligible on slopes less than 1 percent, and low on slopes more than 1 percent. The soil is wet in the layers that are below a depth of 3 to 4.5 feet and above the discontinuity during the winter and spring months in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for woodland and pasture, however some areas are used for cropland. Native vegetation consists of loblolly pine, shortleaf pine, sweetgum, hickory, and other hardwoods.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Coastal Plain (MLRA 133B) in eastern Texas and western Louisiana. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Harrison County, Texas; 1984. The name is from a nearby community.
REMARKS: These soils were formerly included with the Bowie series. The series was updated in 2002 to allow moderately acid reaction in the E horizon. The series was updated in 2004 to allow hue to range to 2.5YR in the argillic horizon above the discontinuity.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in the type location pedon include:
Ochric epipedon --- 0 of 10 inches (A and E horizons).
Argillic horizon -- 10 to 74 inches (Bt, Bt/E, 2Bt/E, and 2Btg horizons).
Intrusions of albic material -- 33 to 46 inches (Bt/E and 2Bt/E horizons).
Lithologic discontinuity -- 46 inches (top of the 2Bt/E horizon).
ADDITIONAL DATA: TAMU Soil Characterization Lab. No. S84TX-203-003, THD Lab. No. THD84TX-203-3-4. NSSL characterization data are available for the survey area typical pedon from Cass County, Texas (S93TX-067-002).