LOCATION CHEBOYGAN MI

Established Series
Rev. SWT-WEF-MLK
08/2012

CHEBOYGAN SERIES

The Cheboygan series consists of very deep, well drained or moderately well drained soils that are moderately deep or deep to dense till. Cheboygan soils formed in sandy deposits and the underlying loamy till on moraines, drumlins, lake terraces, and till plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 50 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 762 mm (30 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 6.7 degrees C (44 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, frigid Alfic Haplorthods

TYPICAL PEDON: Cheboygan loamy sand, on a southwest-facing, 4 percent slope in a forest at an elevation of 262 meters (859 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

A/E--0 to 5 cm (2 inches); black (5YR 2/1) (A) and gray (N 6/) (E) loamy sand, dark gray (5YR 4/1) (A) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; common fine roots; 2 percent gravel; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 23 cm (9 inches) thick]

E--5 to 15 cm (2 to 6 inches); pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) loamy sand; single grain; loose; common fine and common very fine roots; 4 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. [5 to 20 cm (2 to 8 inches) thick]

Bs1--15 to 33 cm (6 to 13 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) loamy sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and common very fine roots; 10 percent weakly cemented ortstein; common distinct cracked coatings on sand grains; 2 percent gravel; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. [8 to 30 cm (3 to 12 inches) thick]

Bs2--33 to 43 cm (13 to 17 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) loamy sand; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common medium roots; common faint cracked coatings on sand grains; 2 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. [8 to 53 cm (3 to 21 inches) thick]

E'1--43 to 48 cm (17 to 19 inches); pale brown (10YR 6/3) loamy sand; strong medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common fine tubular pores; 3 percent cobbles and 3 percent gravel; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. [0 to 8 cm (3 inches) thick]

E'2--48 to 56 cm (19 to 22 inches); pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) loamy sand; moderate thick platy structure; friable; few fine roots; 3 percent cobbles and 3 percent gravel; slightly acid; abrupt irregular boundary. [0 to 36 cm (14 inches) thick]

2B/E--56 to 71 cm (22 to 28 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy clay loam (Bt) and pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) sandy loam (E); moderate very thick platy structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; many distinct reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; few fine roots; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; 3 percent cobbles and 3 percent gravel; neutral; clear irregular boundary. [18 to 51 cm (7 to 20 inches) thick]

2Cd--71 to 152 cm (28 to 60 inches); brown (7.5YR 5/4) sandy loam; moderate very thick platy structure; very firm; 3 percent cobbles and 8 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Cheboygan County, Michigan; about 7 miles south of the Village of Tower; 1,040 feet east and 2,640 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 10, T. 33 N., R. 1 E.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to densic contact: typically 61 to 102 cm (24 to 40 inches) but ranges from 51 to 127 cm (20 to 50 inches)
Thickness of the solum: typically 61 to 102 cm (24 to 40 inches) but ranges from 51 to 127 cm (20 to 50 inches)
Depth of carbonates: typically 61 to 102 cm (24 to 40 inches) but ranges from 51 to 127 cm (20 to 50 inches)
Thickness of the sandy materials: 51 to 122 cm (20 to 48 inches)
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral in the solum
Rock fragment content: 2 to 10 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles throughout

A part of the A/E horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR, or is neutral
Value: 2, 2.5, or 3
Chroma: 0 to 3

Ap horizon, where present: (most of the E horizon may be mixed in the Ap horizon)
Thickness: 16 to 23 cm (6 to 9 inches)
Hue: 5YR to 10YR, or is neutral
Value: 2, 2.5, or 3
Chroma: 0 to 3
Texture: loamy sand or sand

Pedons can have A or A/E horizons.

E part of the A/E horizon and E horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR, or is neutral
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 0 to 3
Texture: loamy sand or sand

Bs horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 3 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loamy sand or sand

Some pedons have Bhs horizons.

E' horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: loamy sand or sand
Special feature: the lower E' horizon occurs as thick coatings on peds and fillings in cracks in the upper part of the 2Bt horizon in some pedons

Bt part of the 2B/E horizon, or 2Bt horizon where present:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam, loam, or sandy loam

Some pedons have BC horizons.

2Cd horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 or 4

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Alcona, Cookson, and Greylock series. Alcona and Greylock soils do not have a densic contact within a depth of 127 cm (50 inches). Cookson soils have a lithic contact within a depth of 127 cm (50 inches).

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Cheboygan soils are on moraines, drumlins, lake terraces, and till plains. These soils are often found on uplands and post glacial lake islands. Slope gradients range from 0 to 50 percent, but are dominantly 2 to 30 percent. Cheboygan soils formed in sandy deposits and the underlying loamy till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 711 to 838 mm (28 to 33 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 4.4 to 6.7 degrees C (40 to 44 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These soils are the Blue Lake, Charlevoix, East Lake, Emmet, Mancelona, and Rubicon soils. The well drained Blue Lake and excessively drained Rubicon soils are formed in adjacent sandy sediments. The Charlevoix soils are somewhat poorly drained and are lower on the landform than the Cheboygan soils. Associated Emmet soils have slightly finer textures and are on similar landscape positions. The somewhat excessively drained East Lake and Mancelona soils have more coarse fragments and less clay in the substratum and are on uplands and lake terraces closely associated with moraines.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained or moderately well drained. Potential for surface runoff is negligible to high depending on slope gradient and depth to dense till. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is high in the sandy material and low in the dense till. Permeability is moderately rapid in the upper sandy material and very slow in the lower loamy horizons.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the Cheboygan soil is in woodland. Forest vegetation consists mainly of sugar maple, American basswood, American beech, and white ash; with many areas having quaking aspen, white birch, and white pine. A large portion of the steeper areas are kept in permanent forest vegetation with a few areas used as pasture. Many nearly level to moderately sloping areas are used for pasture and growing hay and small grains. These crops include corn, oats, barley, and legume-grass hay.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 94C and 96 in the northern part of Lower Michigan. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Cheboygan County, Michigan, 1988.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 15 cm (6 inches) (A/E and E horizon).
Albic horizon: from a depth of 5 to 15 cm (2 to 6 inches) (E horizon) and from 43 to 56 cm (17 to 22 inches) (E' horizon).
Spodic horizon: from a depth of 15 to 43 cm (6 to 17 inches) (Bs1 and Bs2 horizons).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 56 to 71 cm (22 to 28 inches) (Bt part of the 2B/E horizon).
Densic contact at 71 cm (28 inches) (top of the 2Cd horizon).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab data available from Michigan Technological University for pedon No. 84MI-031-007.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.