LOCATION CHOTEAU OK

Established Series
Rev. JFH-CRC-RGC
08/2015

CHOTEAU SERIES

The Choteau series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in material weathered from loamy and clayey alluvium or colluvium over shale of Pennsylvanian age. These nearly level to gently sloping soils are on high terraces or uplands of the Cherokee Prairies (MLRA 112). Slope ranges from 0 to 5 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1070 mm (42 inches), and mean annual air temperature is about 16 degrees C. (61 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, thermic Aquic Paleudolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Choteau silt loam-in a cultivated field on a paleo-terrace, at an elevation of 212 meters (695 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 15 centimeters (0 to 6 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. [0 to 20 centimeters (0 to 8 inches) thick]

A--15 to 36 centimeters (6 to 14 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate medium and fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. [5 to 38 centimeters (2 to 15 inches) thick]

E--36 to 56 centimeters (14 to 22 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; moderate medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. [8 to 66 centimeters (3 to 26 inches) thick]

BE--56 to 66 centimeters (22 to 26 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; few fine faint brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) redoximorphic concentration masses and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) redoximorphic depletions; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [5 to 20 centimeters (2 to 8 inches) thick]

Bt1--66 to 86 centimeters (26 to 34 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; moderate medium blocky structure; very hard, very firm; patchy clay films on faces of peds; many medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) redoximorphic depletions and common fine and medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) redoximorphic concentration masses; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [5 to 30 centimeters (6 to 12 inches) thick]

Bt2--86 to 102 centimeters (34 to 40 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; moderate medium blocky structure; very hard, very firm; patchy clay films on faces of peds; many medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) redoximorphic depletion masses and brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) redoximorphic concentration masses; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [10 to 30 centimeters (4 to 12 inches) thick]

Bt3--102 to 165 centimeters (40 to 65 inches); mixed yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), brownish yellow (10YR 6/6), and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay, yellow (10YR 7/6), and light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; redoximorphic concentration and depletion masses; weak coarse blocky structure; very hard, very firm; patchy clay films on faces of peds; neutral.

TYPE LOCATION: Mayes County, Oklahoma; about 6.4 kilometers (4 miles) east and 6.4 kilometers (4 miles) north of Pryor, 762 meters (2,500 feet) south and 396 meters (1,300 feet) west of the northeast corner of sec. 23, T. 22 N., R. 19 E.; USGS Salina, Oklahoma topographic quadrangle; lat. 36 degrees 22 minutes 27.43 seconds N. and long. 95 degrees 14 minutes 32.07 seconds W.; UTM Zone 15, 298856 easting and 4027801 northing, NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of solum: more than 152 centimeters (60 inches)
Combined thickness of the A and E horizons: 41 to 97 centimeters (16 to 38 inches)

Ap or A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: loam, very fine sandy loam, or silt loam
Clay content: 18 to 27 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to very strongly acid

E horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam or loam
Clay content: 18 to 27 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to very strongly acid

BE horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silty clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 27 to 35 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to very strongly acid

Bt1 and Bt2 horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Redoximorphic features: shades of gray or brown with chroma of 2 or less in the upper 51 centimeters (20 inches) of the argillic horizon
Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline to strongly acid

Bt3 horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 6 to 8
Redoximorphic features: shades of brown or gray
Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Okemah series. Okemah soils have an argillic horizon with dominant matrix chromas of 2 or less.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Choteau soils are on nearly level to gently sloping smooth high terraces or footslopes of uplands in the Cherokee Prairies. Slope ranges from 0 to 5 percent but are generally 0 to 3 percent. The soils formed in loamy and clayey alluvium or colluvium over shale of Pennsylvanian age. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 940 to 1170 mm (37 to 46 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 14 to 17 degrees C. (57 degrees to 63 degrees F.). Frost free period is 190 to 220 days. Elevation is 145 to 340 meters (475 to 1115 feet) above mean sea level. Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 64 or more.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Apperson, Bates, Collinsville, Dennis, Parsons, Summit, and Taloka soils. Apperson, Dennis, and Summit soils are on slightly higher positions on the landscape. Bates and Collinsville soils are better drained and are on ridge crests. Bates soils are fine-loamy and have sandstone at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Collinsville soils are loamy and have sandstone within a depth of 20 inches. Parsons, and Taloka soils are on the same landscape in slightly lower positions, have an ochric epipedon and an abrupt change in texture from the A horizon to the Bt horizon.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Depth to the top of a perched seasonal high water table ranges from 76 to 91 centimeters (2.5 to 3 feet) and a bottom depth of 152 to 244 centimeters (5 feet to 8 feet) during December to April. Potential for surface runoff is low to medium. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately low.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used principally for cropland. Principal crops are small grains, sorghums, or soybeans. Some areas are used for tame pasture. Lesser amounts are used for native range of tall grass prairie.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 112, 116, 117 and 118 in southeastern Kansas and eastern Oklahoma. The type location is in MLRA 112. The series is extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Wagoner County, Oklahoma; 1941.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic Epipedon: 0 to 36 centimeters (0 to 14 inches (Ap and A horizons)
Albic horizon: 36 to 56 centimeters (14 to 22 inches) (the E horizon)
Argillic horizon: 66 to 165 centimeters (26 to 65 inches) (The Bt horizons)
Aquic: redoximorphic depletion within the upper 50 cm (20 inches) of the argillic horizon and aquic conditions for some time in most years

NASIS data mapunit ID 699758 represents the typical pedon. Other NASIS DMU ID's are 699759 and 699760 representing other phases to the series.

Soil Interpretive Record: OK0001

Additional Data: National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE. Samples S53OK-145-021 (35657-35665) and S53OK-145-024 (35666-35674) from Wagoner County, OK.
User Pedon ID 1972OK097004 represents the typical pedon.

Modified format by LRM in 1/2006 to include metric conversion and change permeability to saturated hydraulic conductivity. Additional changes were made by RGC in 2015.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.