LOCATION CORUNNA MI+MN

Established Series
Rev. RWJ-WEF
08/2012

CORUNNA SERIES

The Corunna series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils formed in loamy till and the underlying lacustrine deposits on lake plains and till plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 838 mm (33 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 8.3 degrees C (47 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Endoaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Corunna sandy loam, on a 1 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 28 cm (11 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [25 to 30 cm (10 to 12 inches) thick]

Bg1--28 to 48 cm (11 to 19 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; friable; few roots; common fine faint gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bg2--48 to 76 cm (19 to 30 inches); gray (10YR 5/1) sandy loam; weak coarse granular structure; friable; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.

Bg3--76 to 91 cm (30 to 36 inches); gray (10YR 6/1) sandy loam; weak coarse granular structure; friable; few medium faint gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bg horizon is 20 to 76 cm (8 to 30 inches).]

2Cg1--91 to 117 cm (36 to 46 inches); gray (5Y 6/1) silty clay loam; massive; firm; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and light brown (7.5YR 6/4) masses of oxidized iron; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. [0 to 25 cm (10 inches) thick]

2Cg2--117 to 152 cm (46 to 60 inches); gray (5Y 6/1) silty clay loam with pockets and lenses of fine sand; massive; firm; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and common fine prominent light brown (7.5YR 6/4) masses of oxidized iron; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Macomb County, Michigan; 2,400 feet east and 37 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 11, T. 3 N., R. 13 E.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Depth to a lithologic discontinuity (2C horizon):66 to 102 cm (26 to 40 inches)

A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent gravel
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline

Bg horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or loamy fine sand
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent gravel
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline

C horizon, where present immediately above the 2C horizon:
Texture: gravelly sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, or loamy fine sand

2C horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Corunna soils are on lake plains and till plains of Wisconsinan age. Slope range from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 711 to 914 mm (28 to 36 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 6.7 to 8.9 degrees C (44 to 48 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Barry, Brookston, Lenawee, Metamora, Metea, Miami, Owosso, and Toledo soils. The well drained Owosso soils and the somewhat poorly drained Metamora soils form a closely associated drainage sequence with Corunna soils. Corunna soils are associated with the poorly drained or very poorly drained, stratified Lenawee and Toledo soils on lake plains. Brookston and Barry soils are wet associates in the moraines, and the moderately well drained Miami and well drained Metea soils commonly are on the ridgetops and slopes in some morainic areas.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Poorly drained. Potential for surface runoff is very low or low. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high in the upper sandy loam layers and moderately high in the 2C horizon. Permeability is moderate or moderately rapid in the upper sandy loam layers and moderate or moderately slow in the 2C horizons.

USE AND VEGETATION: A large part is cropped to vegetables, corn, small grains, and grass-legume hay. Part of this soil is idle cropland, in permanent pasture, or in woodland. Native vegetation is mixed hardwoods with American elm, pin oak, swamp white oak, and red maple the principal species.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 97, 98, 99, and 111B in southern Michigan and MLRA 103 in Minnesota. This series is of large extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: St. Clair County, Michigan, 1969.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 28 cm (11 inches) (Ap horizon).
Cambic horizon: from a depth of 28 to 91 cm (11 to 36 inches) (Bg1, Bg2 and Bg3 horizons).
Aquic conditions: redoximorphic features present in all horizons below the mollic epipedon.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.