LOCATION CRANE IN+IL OHEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aquic Argiudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Crane silt loam, on a northwest-facing, convex, 1 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; common medium and fine roots; 3 percent gravel; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--25 to 38 cm (10 to 15 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common medium and fine roots; 3 percent gravel; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the A horizon is 25 to 51 cm (10 to 20 inches).]
Bt1--38 to 53 cm (15 to 21 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; friable; few fine roots; thin dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; common black (10YR 2/1) worm channels; many very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) krotovinas; many medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; few fine distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions; 2 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--53 to 91 cm (21 to 36 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; friable; few fine roots; thin dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; many very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) krotovinas; many medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; few medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; 3 percent gravel; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 38 to 51 cm (15 to 20 inches).]
2Bt3--91 to 124 cm (36 to 49 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) gravelly sandy clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; thin dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds; many very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) krotovinas; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; 20 percent gravel; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
2Bt4--124 to 135 cm (49 to 53 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly sandy clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; thin dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; many very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) krotovinas; common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) and many medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; 20 percent gravel; neutral; abrupt irregular boundary. [Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizon is 38 to 51 cm (15 to 20 inches).]
3C--135 to 152 cm (53 to 60 inches); pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly loamy coarse sand; single grain; loose; many very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) krotovinas; 40 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Benton County, Indiana; about 2 miles west and 2 miles south of Earl Park; 600 feet east and 140 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 33, T. 26 N., R. 9 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches)
Ap, A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silt loam or loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 3 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral
Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: clay loam or loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral
2Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: gravelly sandy clay loam or gravelly sandy loam
Rock fragment content: 15 to 30 percent gravel, 0 to 3 percent cobbles
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral
3C horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: gravelly and very gravelly analogs of coarse sand or loamy coarse sand
Rock fragment content: 15 to 50 percent gravel, 0 to 5 percent cobbles
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Aurand, Mokena, Nachusa, Nenno, and Tiderishi series. Aurand soils have a densic contact within a depth of 152 cm (60 inches). Mokena and Tiderishi soils have less than 15 percent rock fragments in the lower part of the series control section. Nachusa soils have a paleosolic B horizon and have less than 15 percent rock fragments in the lower part of the series control section. Nenno soils have sola less than 102 cm (40 inches) thick.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Crane soils are on outwash plains and terraces. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. The soils formed in as much as 51 cm (20 inches) of silty material and in the underlying loamy and gravelly loamy outwash. They are deep to calcareous sandy and gravelly outwash. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 914 to 1067 mm (36 to 42 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from 9 to 12 degrees C (49 to 54 degrees F).
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Comfrey, Free, Glenhall, Monitor, Tippecanoe, and Wea soils. The very poorly drained or poorly drained Comfrey soils have mollic epipedons greater than 61 cm (24 inches) thick, have grayer subsoils, and are on flood plains. The very poorly drained Free soils have grayer subsoils and are in depressions. The moderately well drained Glenhall and Tippecanoe soils and the well drained Wea soils have browner subsoils and are on slopes and rises. The Monitor soils are on low rises. The Glenhall and Monitor soils do not have mollic epipedons.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff is negligible to low. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high in the solum and very high in the underlying material. Permeability is moderate in the solum and very rapid in the underlying material.
USE AND VEGETATION: Soils are cropped to corn, soybeans, small grain, and legume hay. Native vegetation is tall prairie grass, chiefly big bluestem.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Indiana, Illinois, and Ohio; MLRAs 110, 111A, 111B, 111C, 111D, and 111E. The type location is in MLRA 110. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Tippecanoe County, Indiana, 1955.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 38 cm (Ap, A horizons).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 38 to 135 cm (Bt, 2Bt, 3Bt horizons).
Aquic conditions: redox features immediately below the mollic epipedon and to a depth of 135 cm.
A till substratum phase is recognized and may become a new series as subsets with this phase are updated during MLRA activities.