LOCATION CADOSIA NY
Established Series
Rev. MWH-STS
11/2013
CADOSIA SERIES
The Cadosia Series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in till and local colluvium derived from sandstone, siltstone and shale. These soils are on glaciated uplands at elevations of 1000 through 1800 feet. Slope ranges from 15 through 70 percent. The mean annual temperature is 47 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation is 42 inches.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Cadosia extremely channery fine sandy loam, very bouldery, on a 55 percent slope in a wooded area of mixed hardwoods. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
A -- 0 to 6 inches; black (N 2.5/0) extremely channery fine sandy loam, dark gray (7.5YR 4/1) dry; weak very fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; 75 percent rock fragments (10 percent 3 to 10 inches, 3 percent greater than 10 inches); very strongly acid; abrupt discontinuous boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick.)
Bw1 -- 6 to 8 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very channery fine sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; 40 percent rock fragments (2 percent 3 to 10 inches and 1 percent greater than 10 inches); strongly acid; abrupt discontinuous boundary.
Bw2 -- 8 to 23 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery fine sandy loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many medium and a few coarse roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores and common fine vesicuclear pores; 35 percent rock fragments (5 percent 3 to 10 inches and 5 percent greater than 10 inches); strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw3 -- 23 to 32 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very channery fine sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine roots, a few medium and coarse roots; 40 percent rock fragments (5 percent 3 to 10 inches and 2 percent greater than 10 inches); strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 15 to 40 inches.)
BC -- 32 to 58 inches; 70 percent brown (10YR 5/3) and 30 percent brown (10YR 4/3) very channery fine sandy loam; massive; friable; few fine roots; few fine tubular and vesicular pores; 60 percent rock fragments (10 percent 3 to 10 inches and 5 percent greater than 10 inches); moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 30 inches thick.)
C -- 58 to 72 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) 60 percent, and brown (10YR 4/3) - 40 percent; extremely gravelly fine sandy loam; massive; slightly firm; 65 percent rock fragments (8 percent 3 to 10 inches and 5 percent greater than 10 inches); moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Delaware County, New York; Town of Deposit, 200 feet east of NY route 17, 0.75 miles northwest of the hamlet of Hale Eddy. Elevation 1140 feet. USGS Deposit, NY topographic quadrangle, Latitude 42 degrees, 00 minutes, 45 seconds N., Longitude 75 degrees. 23 minutes. 48 seconds W., NAD 1927.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 25 through 72 inches. Depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches. Rock fragments range from 20 through 75 percent in the solum and substratum, with greater than 35 percent weighted average between a depth of 10 and 40 inches. Rock fragments are dominantly sandstone with smaller amounts of shale and siltstone. Reaction ranges from moderately acid through very strongly acid throughout.
The A horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR or is neutral and has value of 2 through 4 and chroma of 0 through 4. Dry color value is 4 through 6. Texture is silt loam, loam or sandy loam in the fine earth fraction. The A horizon is less than 3 inches in some pedons on steeper slopes. Most pedons have a thin organic surface layer.
The Bw horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5 YR, or 10YR, value of 4 through 6 and chroma of 3 through 6. Texture is silt loam, loam, or sandy loam in the fine earth fraction. Structure is weak or moderate, fine through coarse subangular blocky or granular. Consistence is very friable or friable.
The BC horizon commonly has hue, value, and chroma similar to the Bw horizon but the range includes 2.5Y. Texture in the fine earth fraction is silt loam, loam, or sandy loam. Structure is weak fine through coarse subangular blocky or platy or is massive. Consistence is friable or firm.
The C horizon has hue of 7.5YR, 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 through 5 and chroma of 2 through 4. Texture is loam or sandy loam in the fine earth fraction. Consistence is friable or firm. Some pedons have a 2Cr horizon above the bedrock that is deeper than 60 inches.
COMPETING SERIES: The
Berks,
Blasdell,
Brownstown,
Brownsville,
Calvin,
Cloverlick,
Deadline,
Highsplint,
Jubin,
Judyville,
Keyesville,
Lippitt,
Manlius,
Matewan,
Nailkeg,
Peaks,
Solon (T),
Sylco,
Warwick, and
Wyoming series are in the same family. The Berks, Brownstown, Calvin, Judyville, Manlius, Matewan, Nailkeg, Peaks, and Sylco soils have bedrock within 40 inches. Blasdell and Wyoming soils formed in outwash. Brownsville, Cloverlick, Highsplint, and Jubin soils formed in residual or coluvium. Deadline soils have bedrock within 40 to 60 inches. Solon soils have bedrock within 20 to 60 inches. Lippitt and Keyesville soils have a paralithic contact between 20 and 40 inches. Warwick soils formed in till dominated by slate and phyllite.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Cadosia soils are strongly sloping through very steep soils that typically occur in headslopes of hollows and lower side slopes of ridges and valley sides. Slope ranges from 15 through 70 percent. They formed in till and local colluvium derived from sandstone, siltstone, and shale. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 45 through 48 degrees F, mean annual precipitation ranges from 35 through 45 inches, and the mean frost-free season ranges from 110 through 150 days. The elevation ranges from 1000 feet through 1800 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: The
Valois,
Maplecrest,
Arnot,
Bath,
Lordstown,
Mardin, and
Oquaga soils are on nearby landscapes. Valois and Maplecrest soils have less than 35 percent rock fragments in the solum, and Maplecrest soils have hue of 5YR or redder in the substratum. The Arnot soils are 20 inches or less to bedrock. The Lordstown and Oquaga soils are both moderately deep to bedrock. The Bath and Mardin soils are nearby associates that have fragipans.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. The potential for surface runoff is medium through very high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high throughout the mineral soil.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most area are wooded. Native vegetation is mixed hardwoods including sugar maple, beech, white ash, black cherry, and northern red oak along with eastern white pine and hemlock.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The upper Delaware valley and edges of the Catskill Mountain section of the Glaciated Appalachian Plateau in east central New York. MLRA 140. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Delaware County, New York, 1999.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in the typical pedon are:
1) Ochric Epipedon - from 0 to 6 inches (A horizon).
2) Cambic Horizon - from 6 to 58 inches (Bw and BC horizons).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.