LOCATION CELT MO

Established Series
Rev. REM-RLT
12/2021

CELT SERIES

The Celt series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that have a fragipan at a depth of 20 to 36 inches. These soils formed in loess or silty colluvium and the underlying cherty residuum on uplands. Permeability is moderately slow above the fragipan and very slow in the fragipan. Slopes range from 0 to 5 percent. Mean annual temperature is about 56 F, and the mean annual precipitation is about 40 inches.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Aquic Fragiudults

TYPICAL PEDON: Celt silt loam - on a three percent slope in second growth woodland at an elevation of 1175 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Oi--0 to 1 inches; undecomposed leaves, and partially decomposed leaves, roots, and twigs. (0 to 1 inches thick)

A--1 to 4 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak thin platy structure parting to weak fine granular; very friable; many fine and common medium roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (2 to 9 inches thick)

E--4 to 11 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; moderate thin platy structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)

Bt1--11 to 21 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silty clay; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine and medium roots; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; extremely acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2--21 to 25 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine and medium roots; few prominent clay films on faces of peds; common fine prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) and reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation; 10 percent chert gravel; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 10 to 30 inches.)

2Bx1--25 to 31 inches; mottled light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), brownish yellow (10YR 6/6), and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) very gravelly silty clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak fine subangular blocky; very firm; 55 percent chert gravel; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.

2Bx2--31 to 41 inches; mottled light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), and red (2.5YR 4/6) extremely gravelly silt loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; very firm; 70 percent chert gravel; extremely acid; diffuse irregular boundary. (Combined thickness of the 2Bx is 8 to 24 inches.)

3Bt1--41 to 47 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) very gravelly clay; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; common medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; 45 percent chert gravel; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.

3Bt2--47 to 60 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) gravelly clay; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; 15 percent chert gravel; extremely acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Dallas County, Missouri, near Bennett Springs; 360 feet south and 1,500 feet west of northeast corner, sec. 13, T.34 N., R.18 W; USGS Bennett Springs quadrangle, lat 37 degrees 40 minutes 17 seconds N. and long. 92 degrees 51 minutes 09 seconds W.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the fragipan is 20 to 36 inches. Coarse fragment content by volume is less than 10 percent in the A and upper B horizons, 0 to about 15 percent in the Bt horizon above the fragipan, and 15 to 85 percent in the fragipan.

The Ap or A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 4. Where present, the E horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 3 to 6. The A and E horizons are very strongly acid to neutral.

The upper part of the Bt horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 6. Iron depletions with value of 4 or more and chroma of 2 or less are present in the upper 10 inches of the argillic horizon. The lower Bt horizon is mottled with shades of gray, brown, and red. The Bt horizon is silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay, and is extremely acid to strongly acid.

The 2Bx horizon is mottled. It is gravelly to extremely gravelly analogues of silt loam or silty clay loam and is extremely acid or very strongly acid.

The 3Bt horizon has hue of 10R to 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 3 to 8. Redox concentrations of other colors are commonly present. It is silty clay or clay, or their gravelly to extremely gravelly analogues, and is extremely acid or very strongly acid.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family. Series in similar families are the Lebanon, Needleye, Plato, and Union soils. Lebanon, Plato, and Union soils have higher base saturation at the critical depth. In addition, Lebanon and Union soils do not have low chroma colors in the upper Bt horizons. Needleye soils are fine-silty.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These nearly level and gently sloping soils are on broad upland ridges. Slope gradients are usually less than 4 percent, but can range up to 5 percent. They formed in a thin mantle of loess or silt colluvium and the underlying residuum from cherty limestone or dolomite. Mean annual temperature ranges from 54 to 57 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation ranges from 38 to 44 inches.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Lebanon soils and the Bado, Gerald, Hobson, Viraton, and Wilderness soils. Lebanon soils are adjacent to Celt soils and on more rounded ridgetops. Bado and Gerald soils have an aquic moisture regime and are above the Celt soils on ridgetops or in depressional areas. Hobson and Viraton soils have less clay and are below the Celt soils. Wilderness soils have less clay and more coarse fragments and are below the Celt soils.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Runoff potential is high. Permeability is moderately slow above the fragipan and very slow in the fragipan.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the acreage is used for hay or pasture. Post oak and blackjack oak dominate the remaining acreage.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Ozark region (MLRAs 116A and 116B) of southern Missouri. The series is of moderate extent.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Dallas County, Missouri, 1988.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this series are:
ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 11 inches (Oi, A and E horizons);
argillic horizon - the zone from a depth of approximately 11 to 25 inches (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons);
fragipan - the zone from approximately 25 to 41 inches (2Bx1 and 2Bx2 horizons).

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.