LOCATION DRUMMOND                OK+KS

Established Series
EHT Rev. ELC,JWF,JBB
04/2011

DRUMMOND SERIES

The Drummond series consists of deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in material weathered from loamy and clayey alluvium predominantly from Permian redbeds. These soils are on flood plains in the Central Rolling Red Prairies (MLRA 80A). Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 15 degrees C (59 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is about 890 mm (35 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, thermic Mollic Natrustalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Drummond loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 in); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; hard, friable; common fine roots and pores; the upper l/2 inch is vesicular and crusted; noneffervescent; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (8 to 38 cm [3 to 15 in] thick)

Btn--20 to 56 cm (8 to 22 in); brown (7.5YR 5/2) clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/2) moist; weak medium columnar structure; very hard, very firm; few fine roots and pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine concretions of calcium carbonate; common fine white crystals occur below a depth of 38 cm (15 in); noneffervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (25 to 76 cm [10 to 30 in] thick)

BC--56 to 76 cm (22 to 30 in); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; very hard, very firm; few fine pores; few fine distinct strong brown redox concentrations; few fine concretions of calcium carbonate; calcareous; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 51 cm [4 to 20 in] thick)

C--76 to 152 cm (30 to 60 in); reddish brown (5YR 5/4) fine sandy loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; massive; hard, friable; thin strata of sandy loam to clay slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Garfield County, Oklahoma; three miles northwest of Drummond; 200 feet south and 50 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 8, T. 21 N., R. 8 W. Latitude 36 degrees, 18 minutes, 57 seconds North; Longitude 98 degrees,
5 minutes, 11 seconds West; NAD 83. Drummond, OK USGS Topographic Quadrangle.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: 50 to 150 cm (20 to 60 in)

A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, or clay loam
SAR: 0 to 15
EC(ds/m): less than 1 to 16
Effervescence: none
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline

E horizon: (where present)
Thicknes: 0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 in)
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 6 or 7
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, or clay loam
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Btn horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, or clay
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction: neutral to strongly alkaline
Clay content: 35 to 60 percent
ESP: 15 to 25, but may range to 100 in some pedons
EC(ds/m): 2 to 16

BC horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: clay loam, silty clay loam, or clay
Clay content: 27 to 45 percent
Redox concentrations: 0 to 2 percent; 1 to 10 mm; iron concentrations; in shades of brown or red
Redox depletions: 0 to 2 percent; 1 to 10 mm; iron depletions, in shades of gray
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction: slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline

C horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: stratified with thin layers of coarser or finer textures
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction: slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Huska and Pawhuska series in the same family.
Huska soils: are 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 in) to sandstone bedrock.
Pawhuska soils: are moderately well drained and do not have an apparent water table at a depth of 2 to 6 feet.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: formed in material weathered from loamy and clayey alluvium predominantly from red Permian bedrock
Landform: flood plains in the Central Rolling Red Prairies (MLRA 80A)
Flooding: rarely flooded
Slope: 0 to 3 percent
Mean annual temperature: 14 to 16 degrees C (58 to 60 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 810 to 1020 mm (32 to 40 in)
Thornthwaite P-E indices: 44 to 64

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the Carwile, Meno, Miller, Port, Reinach, and Tabler soils.
Carwile, Meno, and Tabler soils: are on higher landscapes above the flood plain.
Miller, and Port soils: are on flood plains, but they do not have a natric horizon.
Reinach soils: are on flood plains of similar elevation, but are closer to the stream channel, do not have a natric horizon and have a coarse-silty control section.
Carwile soils: Have a mollic epipedon and wetness mottles in the lower mollic epipedon.
Meno, Port, and Reinach soils: have less than 35 percent clay in the control section. In addition, Meno soils have an A horizon over 51 cm (20 in) thick.
Miller and Tabler soils: have a mollic epipedon

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: Somewhat poorly drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity: low
Runoff: Slow or very slow runoff
Water table: fluctuates between 61 to 183 cm (2 to 6 ft) below the soil surface

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for native range. Native vegetation consists of mixed grasses. The typical Ecological Site is Subirrigated (Saline) PE 44-64 (R080AY097OK).

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Oklahoma, and south-central Kansas; LRR H, Central Red Rolling Plains (MLRA 80A); moderately extensive

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Garfield County, Oklahoma; 1935

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Ochric epipedon: 0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 in) (A horizon)
Argillic and Natric horizon: 20 to 56 cm (8 to 22 in) (Btn horizon)
Moisture regime: Udic-Ustic

Updated competing series, taxonomic version, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and formatting. 6/2008 JBB

ADDITIONAL DATA: National Soil Survey Lab No. 80P0068

TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.