LOCATION ENA AK
Established Series
MPS/SAS
02/2022
ENA SERIES
Landscape--hills, mountains
Landform--hillslopes, mountain slopes
Slope--5 to 30 percent
Parent material--colluvium
Mean annual precipitation--about 505 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about -3 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--udic
Soil temperature regime--cryic
Soil moisture subclass--typic
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, isotic Typic Humicryepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Ena silt on an east facing linear, linear toeslope on a slope of 10 percent at an elevation of 220 m (The soil was moist throughout the soil profile when described on September 5, 2019.)
Oe--0 to 12 cm; moderately decomposed plant material, brown (7.5YR 5/4) dry, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; many very fine and common fine, medium, and coarse roots; extremely acid (pH 3.5); clear smooth boundary
A1--12 to 20 cm; silt, brown (7.5YR 4/3) dry, very dark brown (7.5YR 2.5/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine and common fine and medium roots; common very fine irregular pores; ultra acid (pH 3.4); clear wavy boundary
A2--20 to 34 cm; silt, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak very fine granular structure; very friable; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; 1 percent subangular gravel; extremely acid (pH 4.1); gradual wavy boundary
Bw--34 to 58 cm; sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/6) moist and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) dry; weak very fine granular structure; very friable; common very fine and common fine roots; 12 percent subangular gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.5); clear wavy boundary
C--58 to 150 cm; gravelly silt loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; very friable; 18 percent subangular gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.5)
TYPE LOCATION: Nome Census Area, Alaska, latitude 63.0475080 longitude -160.8854600 degrees, datum WGS84 (Coordinates determined with a GPS unit)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--0 to 3 degrees C
Soil moisture control section--dry less than 45 consecutive days in June through October (udic soil moisture regime)
Thickness umbric epipedon--20 to 30 cm
Thickness of cambic epipedon--20 to 60 cm
Particle Size Control Section:
*Clay--8 to 16 percent
*Total rock fragment content--5 to 20 percent gravels
*Sodium fluoride pH--8.4 to 11.6
*Ratio of 1500 kPa water to measured clay--0.6 to 6.0
Oe horizon
Thickness--5 to 14 cm
A1 horizon
Value--2 or 2.5 moist, 4 to 6 dry
Chroma--2 or 3
Fine-earth texture--silt, silt loam
Clay--5 to 13 percent
Sand--5 to 25 percent
Organic carbon--4 to 7 percent
Reaction--3.4 to 5.5
Thickness--5 to 10 cm
A2 horizon
Value--2 to 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry
Fine-earth texture--silt, silt loam
Clay--5 to 13 percent
Sand--8 to 30 percent
Organic carbon--3 to 7 percent
Total rock fragment content--0 to 3 percent gravel
Reaction--4.1 to 5.5
Thickness--12 to 16 cm
Bw horizon
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--3 or 4 moist, 5 or 6 dry
Chroma--3 to 6
Fine-earth texture--silt loam, sandy loam
Clay-8 to 16 percent
Sand--30 to 55 percent
Organic carbon--1 to 3 percent
Total rock fragment content--0 to 20 percent gravel
Reaction--4.5 to 5.9
Thickness--20 to 45 cm
C horizon
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--3 to 5 moist, 5 to 7 dry
Clay--6 to 14 percent
Sand--20 to 40 percent
Organic carbon--.5 to 1 percent
Total rock fragment content--0 to 30 percent gravel
Reaction--4.5 to 6.3
COMPETING SERIES:
*
Boze--coarse fragments range to 25 percent in the upper part of the profile and to greater than 50 percent in the lower part of the profile, slope range is 0 to 40 percent, MAST ranges from 5.5 to 8.3 degrees C, colluvium over residuum; mountain slopes
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
*Elevation--100 to 450 m
*Climate--warm, moist summers; cold, dry winters
*Mean annual precipitation--445 to 570 mm
*Mean annual air temperature-- -5 to -1 degrees C
*Frost-free period--55 to 90 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
*
Katchi--folistic epipedon, fine-loamy particle-size class, hillslopes
*
Sprucecreek--folistic epipedon, sandy particle-size class, mixed mineralogy, stream terraces in valleys
*
Southriver--ochric epipedon, sandy-skeletal particle-size class, mixed mineralogy, floodplains in valleys
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
*Drainage class--well drained
*Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--very high in the organic soil surface layer, high to moderately high throughout the rest of the profile
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--wildlife habitat, recreation, subsistence
Potential native vegetation--white spruce, Siberian alder, beaverd spirea, twinflower, northern black currant, bluejoint, spreading woodfern, western oakfern, field horsetail, arctic starflower, Moss, Kenai birch, red currant, woodland horsetail, wideleaf polargrass, resin birch, dwarf birch, bog blueberry, black crowberry, cloudberry, lingonberry, marsh Labrador tea, felt lichen, juniper polytrichum moss, Schreber's big red stem moss, sphagnum, splendid feather moss
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Yukon-Kuskokwim Highlands, Alaska; MLRA 230; small extent
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: WASILLA, ALASKA
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Nulato Hills BLM area, Nome Census Area, Alaska; 2021
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon
*Particle-size control section--zone from 37 to 112 cm
*Umbric epipedon--zone from 12 to 34 cm
*Cambic horizon--zone from 34 to 58 cm
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.