LOCATION ENGELHARD NCEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-silty, mixed, semiactive, nonacid, thermic Humaqueptic Fluvaquents
TYPICAL PEDON: Engelhard loamy very fine sand--cultivated.
(Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loamy very fine sand; weak medium granular structure; very friable; common fine and medium roots; few fine quartz grains; few fine flakes of mica; few fine tubular pores; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (6 to 9 inches thick)
Cg1--8 to 16 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loamy very fine sand; few medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; massive; very friable; few fine roots; few fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Cg2--16 to 33 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loamy very fine sand; few medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; massive; very friable; few very fine and fine tubular pores; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Cg3--33 to 49 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loamy very fine sand; few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) mottles; massive; thin black (N 2/ ) strata, 0.1 to 1.0 inch thick of mucky loamy very fine sand; very friable; few fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Cg4--49 to 60 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt loam; few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) mottles; massive; thin black (N 2/ ) strata, 0.1 to 1.0 inch thick of mucky loamy very fine sand; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Cg horizon is more than 40 inches)
2Ab--60 to 67 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) silt loam; few medium distinct dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) mottles; massive; friable; few fine and medium relic roots; few pockets of dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) muck 1.0 to 3.0 inches in diameter; few very fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
2Cg--67 to 73 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) silt loam; few medium distinct very dark brown (10YR 2/2) mottles; massive; friable; few fine and medium relic roots; few fine tubular pores; few pockets of dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) muck 1.0 to 3.0 inches in diameter; strongly acid. (0 to 40 or more inches thick)
TYPE LOCATION: Hyde County, North Carolina; about 2.5 miles northeast of Engelhard, 0.3 mile east of the intersection of Secondary Road 1311 and Secondary Road 1313 on Secondary Road 1313, 0.2 mile on farm path, 150 feet south of the path in a cultivated field.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the A and C horizon ranges from 40 to more than 60 inches over loamy, sandy, or organic materials. Soil reaction ranges from strongly acid to extremely acid in A horizon, except where limed, and from very strongly acid to neutral in the C, 2Ab, or 2C horizons. Most pedons contain few to common strata (0.1 to 4.0 inches thick) of loamy or sandy materials that are high in organic matter. These strata are continuous or discontinuous and commonly increase with depth. Most pedons have few to common flakes of mica. Most pedons that have buried horizons. These horizons may have small pockets of organic material 1.0 to 5.0 inches in diameter and relic roots. Depth to the lithologic discontinuity is 40 to more than 80 inches. The particle-size control section ranges from 80 to 95 percent very fine sand plus silt and less than 5 percent clay.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is loamy very fine sand, very fine sandy loam, silt loam, or silt.
The AC horizon, where present, has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 1 to 4. Mottles are in shades of brown, gray, or black. Texture is loamy very fine sand, very fine sandy loam, silt loam, or silt.
The Cg horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2; or is neutral with value of 4 to 7. Mottles are in shades of brown, gray, olive, or black. Texture is loamy very fine sand, very fine sandy loam, silt loam, or silt.
The 2Ab horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. Mottles are in shades of brown, gray, olive, or black. It is loamy very fine sand, very fine sandy loam, silt, silt loam, or silty clay loam.
The 2Cg horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2; or is neutral with value of 4 to 7. Mottles are in shades of brown, gray, olive, or black. Texture is loamy very fine sand, very fine sandy loam, silt loam, or silt.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series in the same family. Similar series in closely related families are the Pasquotank, Weeksville, and Wysocking series. Pasquotank and Weeksville soils have a cambic diagnostic subsurface horizon and contain more than 5 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Wysocking soils have more than 16 inches of organic material in the upper 32 inches of the soil.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Engelhard soils are on lake-wash rims along Lake Mattamuskeet in the Lower Coastal Plain of North Carolina. They formed in sandy or silty lacustrine or possibly eolian sediments that are high in very fine sand. Elevation range from 1 to 10 feet above sea level. The average annual rainfall ranges from 43 to 56 inches, the frost-free season ranges from 205 to 260 days, and mean annual air temperature ranges from 59 to 65 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Pasquotank, Weeksville, and Wysocking series and the Hydeland, Fortescue, and Scuppernong series. Hydeland soils have an umbric epipedon and are fine-silty. Fortescue soils are fine-silty and have a cambic diagnostic subsurface horizon. Scuppernong soils have organic materials more than 51 inches thick.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained; slow runoff; and moderately rapid permeability. Unless artificially drained the seasonal high water table is within 1.0 to 2.0 feet of the soil surface during late winter and early spring.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas have been cleared and are used for growing corn and soybeans. Some areas are used for pastureland. Forested areas are dominantly mixed hardwoods and pine. Important species include loblolly pine, water oak, willow oak, red maple, sweetgum, southern bald cypress, yellow-poplar, American beech, and sweetbay.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Lower Coastal Plain of North Carolina, mainly around the eastern rim of Lake Mattamuskeet. These soils are associated with the geologic development of Lake Mattamuskeet and are of small extent (about 8,000 acres).
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hyde County, North Carolina; 1996.
REMARKS: This series was formerly included with the Pasquotank or Weeksville series. Wood samples of Atlantic white cedar, taken at the contact of the lithologic discontinuity (60 inches), were carbon dated at 8,550 B.P., + 140.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon (Mollic intergrade) - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 8 inches (Ap horizon).
Lithologic discontinuity - lacustrine sediments underlain by marine or fluvial sediments, contact at 60 inches.
MLRA = 153A, 153B
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation NC0103 ENGELHARD 0- 2 60- 65 200-260 48- 54 1- 10 NC0280 ENGELHARD 0- 2 60- 65 200-260 48- 54 1- 10SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness NC0103 RARE OCCAS 0-1.0 APPARENT NOV-MAY 60-60 NC0280 FREQ - APPARENT - 60-60
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- NC0103 0- 8 LVFS SIL SI 0- 0 100-100 0- 5 2- 6 NC0103 8-60 LVFS SIL SI 0- 0 100-100 0- 5 1- 5 NC0103 60-73 LVFS SIL SICL 0- 0 100-100 5-30 1- 15 NC0280 0- 8 LVFS SIL SI 0- 0 100-100 0- 5 2- 6 NC0280 8-60 LVFS SIL SI 0- 0 100-100 0- 5 1- 5 NC0280 60-73 LVFS SIL SICL 0- 0 100-100 5-30 1- 15
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll NC0103 0- 8 3.5- 5.5 2.-5. 0- 2 2.0- 6.0 LOW NC0103 8-60 4.5- 7.3 0.-3. 0- 2 2.0- 6.0 LOW NC0103 60-73 4.5- 7.3 0.-10 0- 2 2.0- 6.0 LOW NC0280 0- 8 3.5- 5.5 2.-5. 0- 2 2.0- 6.0 LOW NC0280 8-60 4.5- 7.3 0.-3. 0- 2 2.0- 6.0 LOW NC0280 60-73 4.5- 7.3 0.-10 0- 2 2.0- 6.0 LOW