LOCATION FIVEBEAVER OR
Established Series
IRD. JLW/RJO/KMS
01/2019
FIVEBEAVER SERIES
Landscape--mountains, plateaus
Landform--mountain slopes, plateaus, mass failures on mountain slopes
Slope--0 to 90 percent
Parent material--colluvium and residuum derived from basalt with an influence of volcanic ash throughout
Mean annual precipitation--about 640 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 6 degrees C
Depth class--shallow to lithic bedrock
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--frigid
Soil moisture subclass--typic
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, isotic, frigid Lithic Ultic Haploxerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Fivebeaver gravelly ashy silt loam, forested, on an 8-percent, northeast-facing slope at an elevation of 1506 m
Oi--0 to 1 cm; slightly decomposed needles and twigs
A--1 to 18 cm; gravelly ashy silt loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) dry, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, nonsticky and moderately plastic; common fine and very fine and many medium and coarse roots; common fine tubular pores; 25 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 5.8); clear wavy boundary
Bw--18 to 36 cm; extremely cobbly ashy silt loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) dry, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; common fine and many medium and coarse roots; common fine tubular pores; 25 percent gravel and 40 percent cobbles; moderately acid (pH 5.6); abrupt wavy boundary
2R--36 cm; hard basalt
TYPE LOCATION: Union County, Oregon; in the SE1/4SW1/4NE1/4 of section 20, T. 4 S., R. 36 E.; latitude 45.2042902, longitude -118.3293427, datum WGS 84 (coordinates estimated from PLSS details and setting information)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--5 to 8 degrees C
Mean summer soil temperature--9 to 12 degrees C
Mean winter soil temperature--1 to 3 degrees C
Soil moisture control section--dry 60 to 75 consecutive days in summer
Depth to lithic contact--25 to 50 cm
Thickness of mollic epipedon--18 to 50 cm
Thickness of ash-influenced layers--25 to 50 cm
Estimated properties of layers influenced by volcanic ash
*Ammonium oxalate extractable Al + 1/2 Fe--0.3 to 0.9 percent
*Glass content in 0.02- to 2.0-mm fraction--5 to 15 percent
Particle-size control section
*Clay content--18 to 27 percent
*Total rock fragment content--35 to 70 percent
A horizon
Moist color--7.5YR 3/2, 7.5YR 3/3, 10YR 3/2, 10YR 3/3
Dry color--7.5YR 4/3, 7.5YR 4/4, 7.5YR 5/4, 10YR 3/3, 10YR 4/3
Fine-earth texture--ashy loam, ashy silt loam
Clay content--14 to 20 percent
Sand content--30 to 50 percent
Organic matter content--2.5 to 5.0 percent
Total rock fragment content--20 to 50 percent
Gravel content--15 to 30 percent
Cobble content--0 to 20 percent
Stone content--0 to 10 percent
Reaction (pH)--5.6 to 6.5
Reaction (NaF)--8.6 to 9.6
Base saturation (sum of cations)--55 to 65 percent
Thickness--15 to 35 cm
Bw horizon
Moist color--7.5YR 3/2, 7.5YR 3/3, 7.5YR 3/4, 10YR 3/3
Dry color--7.5YR 4/4, 7.5YR 5/4, 7.5YR 4/6, 10YR 4/4, 10YR 5/4, 10YR 5/6
Fine-earth texture--ashy loam, ashy silt loam
Clay content--20 to 27 percent
Sand content--20 to 40 percent
Organic matter content--1 to 2 percent
Total rock fragment content--40 to 80 percent
Gravel content--10 to 40 percent
Cobble content--10 to 55 percent
Stone content--0 to 20 percent
Reaction (pH)--5.6 to 6.5
Reaction (NaF)--8.6 to 9.6
Base saturation (sum of cations)--55 to 70 percent
Thickness--8 to 25 cm
COMPETING SERIES:
Chumstick--shallow (25 to 50 cm) to lithic contact (schist); formed in colluvium and residuum derived from schist, gneiss, and granitic rock mixed with volcanic ash and loess; particle-size control section averages 3 to 8 percent clay; dry 75 to 90 consecutive days in summer
Thirstygulch--shallow (25 to 50 cm) to lithic contact (basalt); formed in colluvium derived from basalt mixed with a small amount of volcanic ash; particle-size control section averages 10 to 18 percent clay
Wintercanyon--shallow (25 to 50 cm) to lithic contact (argillite); formed in colluvium and residuum derived from metasedimentary rock mixed with a small amount of volcanic ash; particle-size control section averages 10 to 18 percent clay
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--960 to 2230 m
Climate--cold, wet winters; warm, dry summers
Mean annual precipitation--370 to 1210 mm
Mean annual air temperature--0 to 7 degrees C
Frost-free period--15 to 110 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Anatone--on plateaus, ridgetops, and south- or west-facing side slopes; shallow to bedrock; no argillic horizon; skeletal particle-size control section; minor ash influence; under sagebrush, Idaho fescue, or bluebunch wheatgrass
Bennettcreek--on lower backslopes and footslopes; moderately deep to bedrock; mixed mantle of ash and colluvium over loamy-skeletal argillic horizon; under grand fir,
Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, birchleaf spirea, and pinegrass
Bocker--on shoulders and plateau summits; very shallow; no argillic horizon; minor ash influence; under sagebrush, Idaho fescue, and bluebunch wheatgrass
Bolobin--on gently sloping plateaus; moderately deep to bedrock; mixed ash mantle; under
Douglas-fir or ponderosa pine forest
Bolony--on scarp slopes of dissected basalt plateaus; moderately deep; argillic horizon; minor influence of ash; under
Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, pinegrass, elk sedge, and common snowberry
Cougarrock--on backslopes; moderately deep to lithic contact (andesitic tuff breccia); mixed volcanic ash and colluvium over buried clayey-skeletal argillic horizon; under grand fir, lodgepole pine, western larch, big huckleberry, birchleaf spirea, and pinegrass
Dunstan--on eroding backslopes; deep to andesitic tuff breccia; mantle of mixed volcanic ash and colluvium over clayey-skeletal argillic horizon; under grand fir, lodgepole pine, grouse huckleberry, pinegrass, and elk sedge
Grubcreek--in convex to planar positions of erosional summits and benches; moderately deep; no argillic horizon; under grand fir,
Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, common snowberry, elk sedge, and pinegrass
Kamela--on ridge crests and shoulder slopes; moderately deep to basalt; mixed mantle of ash and loess over loamy-skeletal colluvium; under grand fir,
Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine,
Rocky Mountain maple, mallow ninebark, heartleaf arnica, and prince's pine
Klicker--on backslopes; moderately deep; no argillic horizon; minor ash influence; under
Douglas-fir or ponderosa pine forest
Klickson--on north-facing scarp slopes, structural benches, and lower mountain slopes; deep to bedrock; skeletal particle-size control section; mixed ash mantle; under
Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, ninebark, and oceanspray
Larabee--on backslopes and shoulders of hills and canyons of dissected basalt plateaus; mollic epipedon and argillic horizon; under
Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, mallow ninebark, common snowberry, and elk sedge
Lamulita--on eroding backslopes of tuff breccia mudflows; moderately deep; small amount of volcanic ash; mollic epipedon and argillic horizon; under grand fir,
Douglas-fir, common snowberry, birchleaf spirea, and mountain brome
Melhorn--on backslopes and footslopes; very deep; mixed ash mantle; under
Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, or grand fir forest
Olot--on plateaus and side slopes of mountains; moderately deep; thick volcanic ash mantle over a loamy-skeletal subsoil; under
Douglas-fir forest
Syrupcreek--on summits and side slopes of plateaus; moderately deep to basalt; thick volcanic ash mantle over buried loamy-skeletal argillic horizon; under grand fir, western larch, twinflower, big huckleberry, and pinegrass
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Saturation during normal years--none
Flooding--none
Ponding--none
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--high
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--watershed, wildlife habitat, timber production, livestock grazing, recreation
Potential native vegetation-- ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, western juniper, grand fir, common snowberry, elk sedge, Idaho fescue, pinegrass, bluebunch wheatgrass, common yarrow, heartleaf arnica, Virginia strawberry, Kentucky bluegrass, tailcup lupine, western fescue, Wheeler bluegrass, woodland strawberry
Dominant plant association--PIPO/SYAL (ponderosa pine/common snowberry), PIPO/CAGE (ponderosa pine/elk sedge), PSME/CAGE (Douglas-fir/elk sedge), PSME/SPBE (Douglas-fir/birchleaf spirea)
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern Oregon; MLRA 10; large extent
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Wallowa-Whitman National Forest, Oregon; 2018
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Mollic epipedon--zone from 1 to 36 cm
*Volcanic glass--zone from 1 to 36 cm
*Ultic subgroup feature--zone from 1 to 36 cm; base saturation (sum of cations) of 55 to 70 percent
*Particle-size control section--zone from 1 to 36 cm
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.