LOCATION LAMULITA                OR

Established Series
IRD. RJO/JLW/DAL/KMS
01/2019

LAMULITA SERIES

Landscape--plateaus, canyonlands, mountains
Landform--plateaus, structural benches, north-facing side slopes of canyons, mountain slopes, landslides on mountain slopes
Slope--0 to 60 percent
Parent material--colluvium and residuum derived from hard igneous extrusive rock with an influence of volcanic ash in the upper part
Mean annual precipitation--about 540 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 5 degrees C
Depth class--deep to lithic bedrock
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--frigid
Soil moisture subclass--typic

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey-skeletal, smectitic, frigid Vitrandic Argixerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Lamulita ashy clay loam, forested, on a 35-percent, south-facing slope at an elevation of 1414 m

Oi--0 to 3 cm; slightly decomposed conifer needles

A--3 to 23 cm; ashy clay loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) dry, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine and very fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine and fine and few medium roots; common very fine irregular pores; 5 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear wavy boundary

AB--23 to 41 cm; ashy clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/3) dry, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine, fine, and medium and few coarse roots; few fine and very fine tubular pores; 10 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.2); clear smooth boundary

2Bt1--41 to 107 cm; very gravelly clay, reddish brown (5YR 5/3) dry, reddish brown (5YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium angular blocky structure parting to weak fine angular blocky; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; many thick clay films on ped faces and lining pores; colloid stains on mineral grains; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; few very fine and fine tubular pores; 30 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.2); gradual smooth boundary

2Bt2--107 to 132 cm; very gravelly clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 5/4) dry, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common thin clay films on ped faces; colloid stains on mineral grains; few fine and medium roots; few very fine tubular pores; 40 percent gravel and 15 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.2); clear irregular boundary

2R--132 cm; andesitic tuff breccia; upper 3 to 15 cm is weathered and less than strongly cemented in some pedons

TYPE LOCATION: Grant County, Oregon, about 80 m west and 43 m south of the northeast corner of section 18, T. 11 S., R. 33 E.; Cougar Rock U.S. Geological Survey quadrangle; latitude 44.6199905, longitude -118.7779734, datum WGS 84 (coordinates and PLSS details estimated from a point on a hard copy map)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--4 to 7 degrees C
Mean summer soil temperature--8 to 11 degrees C
Mean winter soil temperature--0 to 3 degrees C
Soil moisture--dry 45 to 60 consecutive days in summer
Thickness of argillic horizon--30 to 100 cm
Depth to lithic contact--100 to 150 cm from mineral soil surface
Thickness of ash-influenced layers--25 to 50 cm

Estimated properties of layers influenced by volcanic ash
*Ammonium oxalate extractable Al + 1/2 Fe--0.3 to 0.8 percent
*Glass content in 0.02- to 2.0-mm fraction--5 to 15 percent

Particle-size control section
*Clay content--35 to 55 percent
*Total rock fragment content--35 to 70 percent

A horizon
Moist color--5YR 2.5/1, 5YR 3/2, 5YR 3/3, 7.5YR 2.5/1
Dry color--5YR 3/3, 5YR 4/3, 7.5YR 4/2
Fine-earth texture--ashy clay loam, ashy silt loam
Clay content--15 to 34 percent
Sand content--25 to 35 percent
Organic matter content--2.5 to 8.0 percent
Total rock fragment content--5 to 30 percent
Gravel content--5 to 25 percent
Cobble content--0 to 15 percent
Reaction--6.1 to 7.3

AB horizon
Moist color--5YR 3/2, 5YR 3/3, 7.5YR 3/1, 7.5YR 3/3
Dry color--5YR 4/3, 7.5YR 4/2, 7.5YR 5/2, 10YR 5/3
Fine-earth texture--ashy clay loam, ashy silty clay loam
Clay content--26 to 34 percent
Sand content--17 to 50 percent
Organic matter content--1.5 to 3.0 percent
Total rock fragment content--10 to 40 percent
Gravel content--10 to 25 percent
Cobble content--0 to 20 percent
Reaction--6.1 to 7.3
Combined thickness of A and AB horizons--25 to 50 cm

2Bt horizon
Moist color--5YR 4/3, 5YR 4/4, 7.5YR 4/3, 7.5YR 4/4, 10YR 4/3, 10YR 4/4, 10YR 5/4
Dry color--5YR 4/3, 5YR 4/4, 5YR 5/3, 7.5YR 5/2, 7.5YR 5/3, 7.5YR 5/4, 10YR 6/3
Fine-earth texture--clay, silty clay, clay loam, sandy clay loam
Clay content--26 to 60 percent
Sand content--5 to 50 percent
Organic matter content--0 to 2 percent
Total rock fragment content--35 to 75 percent
Gravel content--20 to 75 percent
Cobble content--0 to 30 percent
Reaction--6.1 to 7.8
Combined thickness--18 to 145 cm

COMPETING SERIES:
Dupratt--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (basalt); mollic epipedon 50 to 75 cm thick; particle-size control section averages 50 to 60 percent clay; dry 70 to 90 consecutive days in summer
Erakatak--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (welded tuff); no O horizon
Finsel--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (tuff, basalt); no O horizon; mollic epipedon 50 to 100 cm thick; dry 75 to 90 consecutive days in summer
Hamtah--no lithic contact within a depth of more than 150 cm; no O horizon; mollic epipedon 50 to 65 cm thick; 10 to 40 percent pararock fragments of less than strongly cemented tuff in lower part of argillic horizon; linear extensibility greater than 6 cm in upper 100 cm of mineral soil
Home Camp--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to paralithic contact (tuff); no O horizon
Humarel--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (hard igneous extrusive rock); dry 60 to 75 consecutive days in summer
Maule--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to paralithic contact (welded tuff); mollic epipedon 50 to 100 cm thick; dry 60 to 90 consecutive days in summer
Menbo--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (fractured basalt); no O horizon; mollic epipedon 50 to 90 cm thick; dry 100 to 120 consecutive days in summer
Shotsprings--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (basalt); mollic epipedon 50 to 100 cm thick
Squatterflat--no lithic contact within a depth of more than 150 cm; mollic epipedon 25 to 40 cm thick; dry 60 to 75 days in summer
Wiltop--no Oi horizon

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--1350 to 1725 m
Climate--cold, wet winters; warm, dry summers
Mean annual precipitation--640 to 810 mm
Mean annual air temperature--3 to 6 degrees C
Frost-free period--30 to 75 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Fivebit--on plateaus and backslopes; shallow (25 to 50 cm) to lithic contact (rhyolitic tuff, andesite, basalt); minor influence of volcanic ash in loamy-skeletal colluvium; under scattered ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, or western juniper with big sagebrush and Idaho fescue
Humarel--on eroding backslopes of andesitic tuff breccia mudflow deposits; moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (hard igneous extrusive rock); influence of volcanic ash; mollic epipedon and argillic horizon; under ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, common snowberry, and elk sedge
Larabee--on backslopes and shoulders of hills and canyons of dissected basalt plateaus; mollic epipedon and argillic horizon; under Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, mallow ninebark, common snowberry, and elk sedge
Lemonex--on footslopes and backslopes of mountains; moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (serpentine, ultramafic rock); mollic epipedon and argillic horizon; under ponderosa pine, elk sedge, and Idaho fescue

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Saturation during normal years--none
Flooding--none
Ponding--none
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--moderately high in upper part, moderately low in lower part

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--timber production, livestock grazing, recreation, wildlife habitat, watershed
Native vegetation--ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, grand fir, western juniper, western larch, pinegrass, bluebunch wheatgrass, elk sedge, tailcup lupine, heartleaf arnica, common snowberry, common yarrow, Sandberg bluegrass, northwestern sedge, Idaho fescue, white hawkweed, Saskatoon serviceberry, biscuitroot, low Oregon grape, Virginia strawberry, baldhip rose, white spirea
Plant association--dominantly ABGR/SPBE (grand fir/birchleaf spirea); may include ABGR/CAGE (grand fir/elk sedge), PSME/CARU (Douglas-fir/pine grass), or PIPO/SYAL (ponderosa pine/common snowberry)

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon; MLRA 10; moderate extent

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Malheur National Forest, Oregon; 2018

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Mollic epipedon--zone from 3 to 41 cm
*Argillic horizon--zone from 41 to 132 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from 41 to 91 cm
*Depth to lithic contact--132 cm
*Volcanic glass--zone from 3 to 41 cm

ADDITIONAL DATA: Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory pedon number 97OR023002

---

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.