LOCATION FLORIS IA+MOEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, nonacid, mesic Typic Udifluvents
TYPICAL PEDON: Floris silt loam, on a flood plain with a slope of about 1 percent, in cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 4 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) and very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) and brown (10YR 5/3) dry; common dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) coats on faces of peds; weak fine and medium granular structure; very friable; few fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 9 inches thick)
C1--4 to 7 inches; stratified dark brown (10YR 3/3) and brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; massive; very friable; few fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
C2--7 to 16 inches; stratified dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), dark brown (10YR 3/3), and brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; massive; very friable; few fine roots; few fine dark concretions (iron and manganese oxides); neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
C3--16 to 23 inches; stratified dark brown (10YR 3/3) and brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; massive; very friable; few fine roots; few fine dark concretions (iron and manganese oxides); neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the C horizon is 16 to 32 inches.)
2C4--23 to 60 inches; stratified very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), dark brown (10YR 3/3), brown (10YR 4/3), pale brown (10YR 6/3), and very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt loam, with a layer of brown (10YR 4/3) loamy sand at 41 inches; massive; friable; a narrow band of dark concretions (iron and manganese oxides) at 24 inches; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 109-Iowa and Missouri Heavy Till Plain; Davis County, Iowa subset; about 6 miles west and 1 mile north of Floris; located about 2,100 feet east and 700 feet north of the southwest corner of section 2, T. 70 N., R. 14 W.; USGS Ottumwa South topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 53 minutes 13 seconds N. and long. 92 degrees 26 minutes 13 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the A or Ap horizon ranges from 4 to 9 inches. The depth to the loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam material ranges from 20 to 36 inches. The mean annual soil temperature at 50 centimeters is 49 to 56 degrees F. The average summer soil temperature is about 74 degrees F and the average winter soil temperature is about 34 degrees F. The difference between average summer and winter soil temperatures is about 38 to 42 degrees F. The soil typically is neutral or slightly acid to a depth of 60 inches.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is silt loam, loam, fine sandy loam or sandy loam.
The C horizon is stratified and has hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, and 2.5Y, value of 3 to 7, and chroma of 2 to 4. The texture is fine sandy loam or sandy loam.
The 2C horizon is loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam with bands of loamy sand.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Kickapoo, Pillery, and Russ soils in the same family and the similar Belfast, Culvard, Klum, Nodaway and Wirt series. Belfast soils formed in a cooler, much wetter climate. Colvard soils are well drained, formed in alluvium from the Appalachian Mountains, and commonly are underlain with cobbly or gravelly material. Kickapoo soils have an Ab horizon at a depth between 20 and 40 inches. Pillery soils have a 2C horizon that is gravelly or very gravelly loamy sand or sand, 25 to 40 percent pebbles, and 0 to 10 percent cobbles at a depth of 40 to 60 inches. Russ soils have a difference between mean summer and mean winter soil temperature of less than 16 degrees F. Wirt soils are well drained, have subsoil structure, and commonly have a sandy or gravelly substratum. Klum soils have a darker colored surface layer and contain more sand in the lower C horizon. Nodaway soils are fine-silty.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Floris soils formed in stratified loamy and silty alluvium. These soils are on narrow to moderately wide flood plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 47 to 54 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 29 to 38 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Klum soils and the Ackmore, Amana, Chequest, Coppock, Nodaway, Perks, Vesser, and Zook soils. Klum, Ackmore, Amana, Nodaway, and Perks soils are on similar landscape positions. Ackmore, Amana, Chequest, Coppock, Nodaway, Vesser, and Zook soils contain less sand than Floris soils. Chequest and Zook soils are poorly drained and are on somewhat lower landscape positions that are farther away from the stream channel than Floris soils. Coppock and Vesser soils are on slightly higher bottom land landscape positions than Floris soils. In addition, Amana, Chequest, Vesser, and Zook soils have mollic epipedons.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. Surface runoff is negligible to low. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cultivated. The principal crops are corn and soybeans. Some areas are in pasture largely of bluegrass and some cottonwood and willow trees. The soils are of recent origin, so vegetation has had minor influence on soil properties.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Along the streams in southeastern Iowa and possibly in adjoining states. They are of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Davis County, Iowa, 1988.
REMARKS: Floris soils were named Landes Variant or Klum Variant or were included with Landes or Klum soils in previous surveys.