LOCATION FLYWAY                  NC

Established Series
ARW
10/2024

FLYWAY SERIES

MLRA--153B
Depth Class--Very deep
Drainage Class--Subaqueous (permanently submersed / continuously ponded)
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity--Moderately high to high
Parent Material--Sandy lacustrine deposits
Slope--0 to 2 percent
Mean Annual Air Temperature--16 degrees C (62 degrees F)
Mean Annual Water Temperature--20 degrees C (68 degrees F)

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, siliceous, thermic Humic Frasiwassents

TYPICAL PEDON: Flyway mucky fine sandy loam on a lakebed with less than 2 percent slope under 1.2 meters of freshwater (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated; electrical conductivity is 1:5 by volume solution mixture unless otherwise stated).

Ase--0 to 26 centimeters (0 to 10 inches); black (10YR 2/1) mucky fine sandy loam; structureless massive; nonsticky, nonplastic; very fluid; few fine roots throughout; slightly acid (pH 6.4), strongly acid (pH 5.2) oxidized pH; no color reaction with 3% hydrogen peroxide; slightly effervescent with 30% hydrogen peroxide; nonsaline (0.2062 dS m-1); abrupt boundary. (16 to 32 centimeters thick)

Bsse--26 to 60 centimeters (10 to 24 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) sand; structureless massive; nonsticky, nonplastic; nonfluid; neutral (pH 6.7), neutral (pH 6.6) oxidized pH; no color reaction with 3% hydrogen peroxide; slightly effervescent with 30% hydrogen peroxide; nonsaline (0.1140 dS m-1); clear boundary.

Cseg--60 to 200 centimeters (24 to 64 inches); variegated 70 percent gray (10YR 5/1) and 30 percent dark gray (10YR 4/1) fine sand; structureless massive; nonsticky, nonplastic; nonfluid; neutral (pH 7.0), very strongly acid (pH 5.0) oxidized pH; no color reaction with 3% hydrogen peroxide; slightly effervescent with 30% hydrogen peroxide; nonsaline (0.1156 dS m-1).

TYPE LOCATION: Hyde County, North Carolina; Lake Mattamuskeet; 4 miles north-northwest of Mattamuskeet High School, 3.1 miles south-southwest of the intersection of Piney Woods Road and Frying Pan Landing, Fairfield, NC, 1.7 miles northwest of Lake Mattamuskeet Observation Deck. USGS New Holland topographic quadrangle.

Latitude--35.4972330
Longitude-- -76.2399230
Datum--WGS84
Coordinate source--from hand-held GPS

RANGE OF CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to Bedrock--Greater than 200 centimeters
Depth to Seasonal High-Water Table--Permanently submerged
Depth to hyper-sulfidic materials (where present) (incubated pH <4.0)--65 to 125 centimeters
Manner of Failure / Fluidity Class--Nonfluid to slightly fluid; very fluid where mucky soil material is present.
Soil Reaction--Moderately acid to neutral throughout profile
Oxidized Soil Reaction--Ultra acid to extremely acid (pH 3.1-3.8) from 65 to 205 centimeters
Electrical Conductivity--Less than 0.6 dS m-1 throughout profile by 1:5 by volume solution mixture
Salinity Class--Nonsaline throughout profile
Reaction to 30% Hydrogen Peroxide--None to slight reaction throughout profile
Color Reaction to 3% Hydrogen Peroxide--No reaction throughout profile

Ase horizon:
Hue-7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y
Value--2 to 3
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--fine sand, fine sandy loam, sand, or their mucky analogs
Manner of failure / fluidity class--nonfluid to very fluid

Bhsse (where present) or Bsse horizon:
Hue--7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y
Value--3 to 5
Chroma--2 to 4
Texture--sand or fine sand
Manner of failure / fluidity class--nonfluid

Cseg horizon:
Hue--10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--1 to 3
Texture--sand, fine sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or very fine sandy loam
Manner of failure / fluidity class--nonfluid

2Cseg or 2Cg horizon (where present):
Hue--10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or 10BG
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--sand, fine sand, loamy sand, sandy loam or, silt loam
Manner of failure / fluidity class--nonfluid or slightly fluid

COMPETING SERIES:
There are no competing series in the same family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent Material--Sandy lacustrine deposits
Landscape--Southeast Coastal Plain Lakes and Carolina Bays
Landform--Lakebeds, submerged wave-cut platforms, and submerged lake terraces.
Slope--0 to 2 percent
Mean Annual Air Temperature--15 to 19 degrees C (59 to 66 degrees F)
Mean Annual Water Temperature--15.5 to 20 degrees C (60 to 68 degrees F)
Water Depth Range--0 to 1.5 meters (0 to 4 feet) below mean sea level
Water Regime--Nontidal
Water Salinity Range--Nonsaline

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
These are the Belhaven, Cipre, Coree, Engelhard, Great Ditch, Machapunga and Newholland soils.
Belhaven soils--are in very poorly drained areas on flats, depressions, and flood plains in the Lower Coastal Plain; these soils formed in highly decomposed organic matter underlain by loamy marine deposits.
Cipre soils--are on permanently submerged wave-cut platforms and lake beds in the coastal plain; these soils formed in woody organic material underlain by sandy lacustrine deposits.
Coree soils--have buried A horizons placing them into the Thapto-humic subgroup and have finer textured materials.
Engelhard soils--are in poorly drained lake-wash rims along Lake Mattamuskeet, these soils formed in sandy lacustrine lake-wash deposits that contain a high content of very fine sand and are underlain by marine or fluvial deposits.
Great Ditch soils--are on permanently submerged wave-cut platforms and lake terraces in the coastal plain, these soils formed in sandy lacustrine deposits.
Machapunga soils--are on permanently submerged wave-cut platforms, lake terraces, and lakebeds in the coastal plain, these soils formed in coarse-loamy and/or coarse-silty lacustrine deposits.
Newholland soils--are on very poorly drained broad upland flats and along the outer edges of pocosins or flood plains in the coastal plain; these soils formed in loamy marine and fluvial deposits.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage Class--Subaqueous (permanently submerged)
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity--Moderately high to high
Soil Moisture Regime--Peraquic

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses--Most areas are unvegetated and function minimally as littoral and limnic habitat. Recreational use is waterfowl, hunting, and observation; historically, there was extensive fishing and boating. There are no known commercial uses.
Dominant Vegetation--Isolated clusters of Bald Cypress (Taxodium distichum) and historically wild celery (Vallisneria americana), sago pondweed (Stuckenia pectinate), southern naiad (Najas guadalupensis), and redhead grass (Potamogton perfoliatus).

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General area--Natural lakes and Carolina Bays in the coastal plain of North Carolina and South Carolina.
Region--T - Atlantic and Gulf Coast Lowland Forest and Crop Region
MLRA(s)--153B
Extent--Small

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: SPECIAL PROJECTS OFFICE

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hyde County, North Carolina, 2024

REMARKS:
Flyway is derived from the importance of Lake Mattamuskeet as a wintering location for waterfowl along the Atlantic Flyway.

Diagnostic horizons and other diagnostic soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are (Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Thirteenth Edition, 2022)--

n-value > 0.7--0 to 26 centimeters (Ase horizon, 0 to 10 inches)
Ochric Epipedon--0 to 26 centimeters (Ase horizon, 0 to 10 inches)
Endosaturation--0 to 200centimeters (0 to 64 inches)
Humilluvic material--illuvial humus materials, 26 to 60 centimeters (Bsse horizon, 10 inches to 24 inches)
Reduced Matrix--60 to 200 centimeters (Cseg horizon, 24 to 64 inches); soil matrix that has low chroma in situ but undergoes a change in hue or chroma within 30 minutes after the soil material has been exposed to air
Peraquic feature--Zero or positive soil water potential at the soil surface.

Data Map Unit ID: 919146
NASIS User Site and Pedon ID: S2022NC095117
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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.