LOCATION FOXPAW MIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, isotic, frigid Typic Endoaquods
TYPICAL PEDON: Foxpaw cobbly loam, on a west-facing, concave 1 percent slope, in a mixed hardwood-conifer stand, at an elevation of about 1,580 feet above sea level. (Colors refer to moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oi--0 to 1 inch; undecomposed hardwood and conifer litter; extremely acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
Oa--1 to 3 inches; decomposed woody fibers; many fine and common medium roots; extremely acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
E--3 to 8 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/2) cobbly loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly sticky; few fine and medium roots; about 12 percent cobbles and 3 percent gravel; extremely acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (1 to 8 inches thick)
Bhs--8 to 15 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) cobbly fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly sticky; few fine and medium roots; about 12 percent cobbles and 3 percent gravel; few medium faint brown (7.5YR 4/3) iron depletions; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (3 to 10 inches thick)
Bs--15 to 23 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) gravelly fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly sticky; few fine roots; about 14 percent gravel and 1 percent cobble; few medium faint brown (7.5YR 4/3) iron depletions and common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (5 to 30 inches thick)
BC--23 to 32 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) sandy loam; massive; non sticky; about 10 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; few medium distinct brown (7.5YR 4/2) iron depletions and common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; diffuse wavy boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
C--32 to 80 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; non sticky; about 10 percent gravel and 4 percent cobbles; few medium distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation in upper portion of horizon; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Gogebic County, Michigan, located equal-distant between FR 8170 and 8178, approximately 10 chains south from their intersection; SW1/4 of SW1/4 of NE1/4 of Section 8, T. 46 N., R. 44 W.; Ottawa National Forest Site Number 679, Photo 218.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the solum ranges from 20 to 50 inches. Surface cobble and gravel occupy less than 1 percent. Cobble and gravel content ranges from 5 to 20 percent throughout.
Some pedons have an A horizon, it ranges from 1 to 8 inches thick, with hue of 5 YR or 7.5 YR, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 to 2. It is loam or sandy loam or the cobbly analogs.
The E horizon has hue of 5YR, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 1 to 3. Texture is loam, sandy loam or loamy sand or the cobbly analogs.
The Bhs horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or the cobbly and gravelly analogs.
The Bs horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value and chroma of 3 or 4. Texture is fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or the gravelly analogs.
The BC horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 5YR, value of 3 to 5 and chroma of 3 or 4. Texture is sandy loam, loam or the gravelly analogs.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 3 to 5 and chroma of 1 or 4. Texture is fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam or the gravelly analogs and is often stratified.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Adirondak and Ampersand series. The Adirondak and Ampersand soils have a densic contact at depth of 20 to 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Foxpaw soils occupy depressional areas and drainageways on ground moraines and end moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 40 to 44 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 31 to 34 inches. The frost-free period ranges from 100 to 130 days. Elevation ranges from 1140 to 1700 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the well drained Schweitzer, moderately well drained Gogebic, and the somewhat poorly drained Tula soils. These soils form a drainage sequence with the Foxpaw soils. Where the tills are finer textured, Wakefield can be in the moderately well drained position. In bedrock controlled landscapes, Michigamme, Dishno, Peshekee, and Porkies may occupy higher positions. Other poorly drained coarse-loamy waterworked till soils often found in complexes are Pleine soils where a histic epipedon is present.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained. These soils have an apparent seasonal high water table that ranges from one foot above the surface to one foot below the surface at some time during the period from November to June. Runoff is slow to ponded. Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly woodland, with northern white cedar, balsam fir, red maple, black ash, paper birch and balsam poplar
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The central and western Upper Peninsula and northern Wisconsin. The extent is small.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota; MLRA SSO 10-8 (Marquette, Michigan).
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Iron County, Wisconsin, 2006. Source of name is a lake in Gogebic County, Michigan.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
ochric epipedon - 3 to 8 inches (E horizon);
spodic horizon - 8 to 23 inches (Bhs and Bs horizons);
Redoximorphic concentrations - depletions and accumulations in the zone from 8 to 80 inches.
Only series status, responsibility, and scrivener's errors changed - 3/09.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to laboratory sample number S97MI-053-001 for characterization data from NSSL, Lincoln, NE.