LOCATION FITCHVILLE OH+PA
Established Series
Rev. DRM-JRS-LER-SEA
06/2015
FITCHVILLE SERIES
The Fitchville series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils formed in stratified Wisconsinan age glaciolacustrine sediments on terraces in valleys on till plains and lake plains. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high throughout. Slopes range from 0 to 12 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 1065 mm (42 in), and mean annual temperature is about 9 degrees C (48 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aeric Endoaqualfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Fitchville silt loam, on a convex, 2 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 299 m (980 ft) above msl. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap -- 0 to 18 cm (0 to 7 in); dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 25 cm (6 to 10 in) thick]
BE -- 18 to 25 cm (7 to 10 in); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine pores; many distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay depletions on faces of peds; many fine distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) areas of iron depletion in the matrix; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. [0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 in) thick]
Bt1 -- 25 to 46 cm (10 to 18 in); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common faint clay films on faces of peds; prominent gray (5Y 5/1) coatings on faces of peds; many medium prominent gray (5Y 5/1) areas of iron depletion in the matrix; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2 -- 46 to 74 cm (18 to 29 in); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; firm; common faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; continuous prominent gray (5Y 5/1) coatings on faces of peds; common medium prominent gray (5Y 5/1) areas of iron depletion in the matrix; few black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese oxide accumulations in ped interiors; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 30 to 107 cm (12 to 42 in)
BCt -- 74 to 102 cm (29 to 40 in); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak coarse prismatic structure with thin horizontal bedding planes; friable; very few faint clay films on vertical faces of peds and in pores; common prominent gray (5Y 5/1) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; common medium prominent gray (5Y 5/1) areas of iron depletion in the matrix; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. [0 to 38 cm (0 to 15 in) thick]
C -- 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 in); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; massive, stratification of thick horizontal bedding planes; friable; common medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) areas of iron depletion in the matrix; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; neutral.
TYPE LOCATION: Summit County, Ohio; Twinsburg Township, about 0.75 mile northeast of Twinsburg, 1600 feet west of State Route 91 and 600 feet east of Tinkers Creek along East Ohio Gas Company pipeline right-of-way, T. 5 N., R. 10 W.; USGS Twinsburg, Ohio topographic quadrangle; Latitude 41 degrees, 19 minutes, 34 seconds N. and Longitude 81 degrees, 26 minutes, 39 seconds W., NAD 1983.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 76 to 178 cm (30 to 70 in). Most pedons lack rock fragments, but the C horizon can have up to 5 percent. Some pedons have carbonates in the lower subsoil or substratum. Bedding plane stratification or lamination is evident within the series control section.
The Ap horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 10YR, value of 4 or 5 (6 or more dry), and chroma of 2 or 3. Some pedons have an A horizon 3 to 10 cm (1 to 4 in) thick with value of 2 or 3 (4 or 5 dry), and chroma of 1 or 2. Structure is weak or moderate, fine to coarse, granular. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to moderately acid. Areas that have been limed range to neutral.
The E horizon, where present, is 8 to 20 cm (3 to 8 in) thick, and has hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6 (7 or 8 dry), and chroma of 2 or 3. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to moderately acid.
The BE horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 6. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam. Structure is weak, fine to coarse, subangular blocky. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to moderately acid. Some pedons have a BA, E/B or B/E horizon.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, or 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 8. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam. Some pedons have thin subhorizons of loam or clay loam, or thin lenses of fine sandy loam. Average clay content ranges from 20 to 35 percent. Structure is weak to strong, subangular or angular blocky. Some pedons have weak to strong, medium or coarse, prismatic structure, parting to subangular blocky or platy in some pedons. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid. Some pedons have a thin, very firm, slightly brittle layer in the lower part of the Bt horizon that is not sufficient to meet the requirements for a fragipan horizon.
The BC horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. Texture is silt loam or silt clay loam. Some pedons have thin strata of loam, fine sandy loam, clay loam or silty clay, or lenses of very fine and fine sand. Sand content averages 7 to 15 percent. Structure is weak, medium to very coarse, subangular blocky, angular blocky or prismatic; weak or moderate, thin to thick, platy. Rock fragments are commonly absent, but some pedons have up to 3 percent. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to neutral.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. Texture is commonly laminated or stratified silt loam or silty clay loam. Sand content averages 7 to 15 percent. Some pedons have thin strata of loam, fine sandy loam, clay loam or silty clay, or lenses of loamy sand, very fine sand, fine sand, and sand within the series control section. Below the series control section may be textures of loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay or clay. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to slightly alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Aptakisic,
Caseyville,
Creal,
Iva,
Kendall,
Starks,
Stronghurst,
Waynetown, and
Yeddo series. Aptakisic soils have more sand in the lower part of the series control section. Caseyville soils formed in loess and contain less than 7 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section. Creal soils are more than 61 cm (24 in) to the top of the argillic horizon. Iva soils formed in loess and have a higher mean annual temperature. Kendall soils average more than 15 percent sand at least one subhorizon within a depth of 152 cm (60 in). Starks soils average 15 to 55 percent sand in the lower part of the subsoil. Stronghurst soils lack stratification or lamination within the series control section. Waynetown soils have gravel content greater than 15 percent in the lower solum and substratum. Yeddo soils formed in loess more than 152 cm (60 in) thick and the sand content is less than 10 percent throughout the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Fitchville soils formed in stratified Wisconsinan age glaciolacustrine sediments that are derived mainly from materials high in sandstone and shale and are on terraces in valleys, on till plains and lake plains Slopes range from 0 to 12 percent. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 830 to 1320 mm (33 to 52 in) and the mean annual temperature ranges from about 6 to 11 degrees C (43 to 52 degrees F).
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: The Fitchville series is a member of the drainage sequence that includes the well-drained
Mentor soils, moderately well drained
Glenford soils, poorly drained
Sebring soils and very poorly drained
Luray soils. The nearby
Bogart,
Damascus and
Jimtown soils formed in loamy outwash deposits and the nearby
Canadice and
Caneadea soils formed in clayey lacustrine sediments.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high throughout. Depth to the top of an intermittent apparent seasonal high water table ranges from 15 to 36 cm (6 to 14 in) from October to June in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of Fitchville soils have been cleared. Some of the cleared areas are used for permanent pasture, but most are used for cultivated crops with corn, oats, wheat, soybeans, and mixed hay. Some areas are still wooded. Sugar maple, beech, red oak, pin oak, elm, and hickory are the main tree species. Many areas near cities are in nonagricultural uses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern, north central, southeastern and southwestern Ohio and in northwestern Pennsylvania. MLRAs 111, 114, 124, 126, and 139. The soils of this series are extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Huron County, Ohio, 1948.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
1. Ochric epipedon - from a depth of 0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 in) (Ap and BE horizons).
2. Argillic horizon - from a depth of 25 to 74 cm (10 to 29 in) (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons).
3. Aquic conditions - from a depth of 18 to 152 cm (7 to 60 in).
Till substratum phases and clayey lacustrine substratum phases recognized at a depth of 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 in) were mapped in some earlier surveys. These phases do not meet current criteria for substratum phases, and will be evaluated for correlation as new series in future investigations.
Fitchville soils mapped on 6 to 12 percent slopes could possibly be re-correlated to the moderately well drained Glenford soil in future evaluations.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization data for the Fitchville series can be found at the NCSS Soil Characterization Database.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.