LOCATION GADDES             AZ NM
Established Series
Rev. GEW/JEJ/RLB
08/2006

GADDES SERIES


The Gaddes series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils that formed on granite and related rocks. Gaddes soils are on hills and mountains. Slopes range from 3 to 60 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 14 inches and the mean annual air temperature is about 54 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Ustic Haplargids

TYPICAL PEDON: Gaddes gravelly sandy loam - rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A--0 to 2 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) gravelly sandy loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; moderate medium platy parting to strong very fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine roots; many fine irregular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.5); abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 4 inches thick)

Bt1--2 to 5 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) gravelly sandy clay loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; many fine and very fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular and many fine irregular pores; few faint clay films on peds; neutral to slightly alkaline (pH 7.0 to 7.5); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)

Bt2--5 to 11 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) gravelly clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; weak to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; common fine and very fine roots; common fine tubular pores; common faint clay films on peds; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)

Bt3--11 to 24 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) gravelly clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; common medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6) and reddish yellow (5YR 6/8) redoximorphic features, reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) and yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; massive; hard, firm, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; few fine and very fine roots; common fine irregular pores; common distinct clay films in pores; oriented clay as bridges between mineral grains; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear wavy boundary. (11 to 15 inches thick)

Cr1--24 to 36 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) highly weathered granite (grus) that breaks to a very gravelly sandy loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; common fine distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist redoximorphic features; massive; hard, firm, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; common fine irregular pores; many faint clay films on gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)

Cr2--36 to 54 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) highly weathered granite (grus) that breaks to very gravelly loamy sand, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; common fine distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist redoximorphic features; massive; hard, firm, nonsticky and nonplastic; common irregular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.5).

TYPE LOCATION: Yavapai County, Arizona; on the Patterson Ranch below Wagoner; 1/2 mile south and 1/8 mile east of the northwest corner of section 5, T.9 N., R.2W.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil moisture: Intermittently moist in some part of the soil moisture control section during July-September and December-February. Driest during May and June. Ustic aridic soil moisture regime.

Soil temperature: 56 to 58 degrees F.

Depth to weathered granite (grus): 20 to 40 inches

A horizon
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist

B horizons
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR
Value: 3 through 6 dry, 3 through 5 moist
Chroma: 3 through 6, dry or moist
Texture: clay loam, sandy clay loam, clay
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent gravel

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Balon (AZ), Blancot (NM), Bowbac (WY), Buckle (NM), Cambria (WY), Chilerojo (NM), Cushman (WY), Decolney (WY), Doakum (NM), Forkwood (WY), Fort (CO), Gapbutte (AZ), Gapmesa (CO), Hagerman (NM), Hagerwest (NM), Hiland (WY), Mentmore (NM), Oelop (NM), Olney (CO), Palacid (NM), Penistaja (NM), Pokeman (WY), Potts (WY), Pugsley (WY), Quagwa (AZ), Redpen (NM), Spangler (WY), Sundance (CO), Tamarindo (NM), Teckla (WY) and Yenlo (CO) series. Balon, Blancot, Buckle, Cambria, Decolney, Doakum, Forkwood, Fort, Mentmore, Oelop, Olney, Palacid, Penistaja, Potts, Quagwa, Redpen, Sundance, and Teckla soils are more than 40 inches to a lithic or paralithic contact. Bowbac, Cushman, Pokeman, Pugsley, and Spangler series are moderately deep to a paralithic contact. Gapbutte soils are moderately deep to basalt bedrock. Gapmesa soils have mean annual air temperatures below 49 degrees F. Hagerman soils typically have redder hues, darker surface horizons with higher organic carbon, and have moisture patterns which receive slightly more precipitation during late spring and early summer. In addition Bowbac, Cambria, Cushman, Decolney, Forkwood, Fort, Hagerman, Hiland, Olney, Pokeman, Potts, Pugsley, Spangler, Sundance, Teckla and Yenlo soils are in LRR-G and are more moist in May and June.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Gaddes soils are on pediment surfaces on undulating to steep areas of granite hills and mountains at elevations of 4,000 to 6,000 feet. Slopes range from 3 to 35 percent but are generally less than 15 percent. They formed in place on granite and related rocks. The climate is continental, with a mean annual precipitation of 10 to 14 inches. About one-half of the precipitation comes as rain during July and August and about one-third during December, January and February as rain and snow. The mean annual air temperature ranges from 54 to 56 degrees F.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Arp, Barkerville, Cordes, Lonti, Lynx and Moano soils. Arp and Lonti soils are fine textured. Barkerville, Cordes, Lynx and Moano soils do not have argillic horizons.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow to medium runoff; slow permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. Vegetation is oakbrush, deerbrush, squawbush, mountain mahogany, snakeweed, shrubby buckwheat, squirreltail and grama grasses.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and southeastern Arizona. The series is moderately extensive. MLRA is 38 and 41.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Santa Cruz County Area, Arizona; 1971.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Ochric epipedon - The zone from 0 to 2 inches (A horizon)

Argillic horizon - The zone from 2 to 24 inches (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3 horizons)

Paralithic contact - The boundary at 24 inches


National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.