LOCATION GALTSMILL VAInactive Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, thermic Fluventic Hapludolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Galtsmill fine sandy loam-on a 1 percent slope, in a pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated)
Ap=0 to 15 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) broken, dark brown (10YR 3/3) crushed, fine sandy loam; brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; common fine flakes of mica; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (Ap and A horizons are 10 to 24 inches thick)
Bw1=15 to 35 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common fine flakes of mica; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bw2=35 to 48 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common fine flakes of mica; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bw3=48 to 72 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common fine flakes of mica; slightly acid. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 20 to 60 inches or more)
TYPE LOCATION: Nelson County, Virginia; 1.3 miles south 170 degrees of the junction of Highways VA-606 and VA-626 and 2.4 miles east 106 degrees of the junction of Highways VA-626 and VA-721. (37o35'58.7" latitude, 78o49'1.8" longitude)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 30 to 60 inches or more. Depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches. Gravel and cobble size rock fragments range from 0 to 15 percent throughout the soil. Some pedons may range up to 80 percent in the C horizon below 40 inches. Reaction is strongly acid through neutral.
The Ap and A horizons have hue of 7.5YR or 10YR; value moist of 3, value dry of 4 or 5; and chroma of 2 or 3. They are sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam.
The Bw horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. Mottles in shades of yellow, brown, or red are in some pedons. Mottles in shades of gray are in some pedons below a depth of 24 inches. The Bw horizon is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam.
The C horizon, where present, has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 through 8. Mottles in shades of yellow, brown, red, or gray are in some pedons. The C horizon is sand, loamy sand, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam in the fine-earth fraction. The C horizon in some pedons is stratified.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Cleora and Ware soils in the same family. Cleore soils do not have a cambic horizon indicating alteration in the horizons immediately below the surface layer. Ware soils have sola less than 30 inches thick.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Galtsmill soils are on flood plains of the Piedmont Plateau. Slopes range from 0 to 5 percent. They formed in recent alluvium derived from limestones, sandstones, siltstones, phyllites, shales, gneiss, granites, schists, and greenstones. The mean annual temperature ranges from 57 to 62 degrees F. Annual precipitation ranges from 35 to 45 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Batteau (tentative), Chewacla, Riverview, Toccoa, Wehadkee, Wingina (tentative) and Yogaville (tentative) soils. These soils are on flood plains. Batteau, Wehadkee and Yogaville soils have gray mottles within 20 inches of the soil surface. Chewacla, Riverview, Toccoa, and Wehadkee soils do not have thick dark surface layers. Wingina soils have more clay in the subsoil.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is slow. Permeability is moderate. Subject to flooding.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used primarily for hay, cropland, or pasture.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Flood plains within the Piedmont Plateau in Virginia, mainly along the major rivers that have headwaters in the Southern Appalachian Ridge and Valley. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES PROPOSED: Nelson County, Virginia, 1992.
REMARKS: This soil has been previously mapped as Colvard and Toccoa soils.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
1. Mollic epipedon-the zone from the surface to 15 inches (Ap horizon) 2. Cambic horizon-the zone from 15 inches to 72 inches (Bw horizon)
SIR=VA0381
MLRA=136
REVISED=5/27/92, MHC
ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab data for 25 pedons of this and related soils from study of flood plains of the James River available from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and available in draft manuscript currently titled Western Virginia Holocene-Alluvial Soil Classification", Document number VAES Bulletin 91-x, September 4, 1991, W. J. Edmonds and M. Crouch.
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation
VA0381 GALTSMILL 0- 5 57- 62 175-215 35- 45 100- 600
SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness VA0381 RARE COMMON 6.0-6.0 - 60-60SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- VA0381 0-15 SL FSL 0- 0 75-100 5-18 2- 15 VA0381 0-15 L SIL 0- 0 75-100 5-18 2- 15 VA0381 15-72 L FSL SIL 0- 0 75-100 5-18 2- 15
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll VA0381 0-15 5.6- 7.3 1.-5. 0- 0 2.0- 6.0 LOW VA0381 0-15 5.6- 7.3 1.-5. 0- 0 2.0- 6.0 LOW VA0381 15-72 5.6- 7.3 .5-2. 0- 0 2.0- 6.0 LOW