LOCATION GEORGIA VT CT NYEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Aquic Dystric Eutrudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Georgia loam - described in an area of Georgia stony loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes in a pasture. (Colors are for moist soils unless otherwise noted.)
Ap-- 0 to 8 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam; moderate fine and medium granular structure; friable; many roots; 5 percent rock fragments; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 9 inches thick.)
Bw1-- 8 to 14 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) ped interiors and dark brown (10YR 3/3) exteriors, loam; moderate medium granular structure; friable; many roots; 5 percent rock fragments; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
Bw2-- 14 to 21 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam; moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common roots; 5 percent rock fragments; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) soft masses of iron accumulation; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
Bw3-- 21 to 26 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common roots; 5 percent rock fragments; many fine distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) areas of iron depletion and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) soft masses of iron accumulation; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizons is 11 to 34 inches.)
C1-- 26 to 36 inches; gray (N 5/0), olive brown (2.5Y 4/4), dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2), and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) loam; moderate medium subangular and angular blocky structure; friable to firm; slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few roots; 10 percent rock fragments; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
C2-- 36 to 65 inches; olive (5Y 4/3) loam; weak fine and medium angular blocky structure; firm to friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few roots; 10 percent rock fragments; many fine distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) areas of iron depletion and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) soft masses of iron accumulation; neutral.
TYPE LOCATION: Chittenden County, Vermont; town of Charlotte, 1.9 miles NNE of North Ferrisburg, 275 feet west of road. USGS Mt. Philo, VT topographic quadrangle; Latitude 44 degrees, 17 minutes, 10 seconds N. and Longitude 73 degrees, 12 minutes, 23 seconds W., NAD 1927.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 16 to 32 inches. Depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches. Rock fragments range from 0 to 55 percent in individual horizons and the weighted average in the control section ranges from 5 to 35 percent. Rock fragments consist mainly of weathered limestone, shale, and slate with small amounts of granite. Reaction typically ranges from strongly acid to neutral, but ranges to slightly alkaline in the lower solum and substratum of some pedons. Depth to free carbonates is greater than 40 inches.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is loam, or silt loam in the fine-earth fraction.
Some pedons have a BA horizon up to 4 inches thick, with hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam in the fine-earth fraction
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam in the fine-earth fraction.
Some pedons have a BC horizon with hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 1 to 4. It is fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam in the fine-earth fraction.
The C horizon is neutral or has hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 1 through 4. It is fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam in the fine-earth fraction.
COMPETING SERIES: There are currently no competing series in the same family.
The Amenia, Bomoseen, Camillus, Grenville, Herkimer, Hero, Hogansburg, Lenox, Minoa, Nellis, Pittsfield, St. Albans, and Stockbridge series are similar soils in related families. Bomoseen and Minoa soils have an active CEC class. Amenia, Hero, and Hogansburg soils have carbonates within 40 inches of the soil surface. Camillus, Grenville, Lenox, and Nellis soils do not have mottles with chroma of 2 or less within 24 inches and have carbonates within 40 inches of the soil surface. Herkimer, Pittsfield, St. Albans, and Stockbridge soils do not have iron depletions with chroma of 2 or less within 24 inches of the soil surface.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Georgia soils are nearly level to very steep soils on glaciated uplands. They are on broad plains and on the tops and side slopes of hills, ridges, and knolls. The soils formed in loamy till. The till is derived mainly from weathered limestone, shale, or slate with small amounts of granite. Slope ranges from 0 to 60 percent. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 26 to 50 inches, and the mean annual temperature ranges from 45 to 52 degrees F. The frost-free season ranges from 120 to 180 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Alden, Amenia, Covington, Farmington, Galoo, Galway, Kingsbury, Lordstown, Lyons, Massena, Nellis, Pittsfield, Stockbridge, and St. Albans soils. The excessively drained very shallow Galoo; well drained shallow Farmington and moderately deep Galway and Lordstown; well drained Stockbridge or Pittsfield; somewhat poorly and poorly drained Massena; and very poorly drained Alden and Lyons soils are in a drainage sequence with Georgia soils. Covington and Kingsbury soils formed in lacustrine clays. Amenia and Nellis soils are calcareous within 40 inches. Stockbridge soils do not have redoximorphic features within 24 inches.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. The potential for surface runoff is low to very high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high in the mineral solum and moderately low to high in the substratum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cleared and used for hay, small grain, and corn. Vegetables are grown in some areas. Some areas are wooded. Common trees are sugar maple, basswood, white ash, white pine, red oak, aspen, yellow birch, and red maple.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Vermont and western Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New York. MLRA's 142 and 144A. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Chittenden County, Vermont, 1969.
REMARKS: The horizons and features diagnostic for the typical pedon are:
1. Ochric epipedon from 0 to 8 inches.
2. Cambic horizon from 8 to 26 inches.
3. Base saturation by Ammonium Acetate is greater than 60 percent in some horizon between depths of 10 and 30 inches below the soil surface.
4. Low chroma mottles are within a depth of 24 inches from the soil surface.
5. Carbonates are not present within a depth of 40 inches from the soil surface.
6. Particle-size control section from 10 to 40 inches, is coarse-loamy.
7. Mesic soil temperature regime.
8. Udic soil moisture regime.
ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL Laboratory data is available for the following pedons: S82VT-21-1 S82VT-21-3