LOCATION GINAT IN+IL KY OH PA WVEstablished Series
The Ginat series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils on stream terraces. Permeability is moderate in the upper part of the solum and slow in the lower part. They formed in silty alluvium over silty, loamy and clayey slackwater alluvium. Slopes range from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 43 inches, and mean annual temperature is about 54 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Typic Endoaqualfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Ginat silt loam on a 0 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 9 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation, and few fine faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions throughout; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (8 to 11 inches thick)
Btg1--9 to 18 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots between peds; common distinct light gray (10YR 7/1) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few medium rounded black (10YR 2/1) iron and manganese concretions; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Btg2--18 to 32 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and very fine roots; common distinct light gray (10YR 7/1) clay films on faces of peds; many coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) iron accumulation in the matrix; few fine rounded black (10YR 2/1) iron and manganese concretions; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Btg3--32 to 38 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt loam; weak fine prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; friable; common fine roots between peds; many distinct gray (10YR 5/1) clay films on faces of peds; many medium prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few medium rounded black (10YR 2/1) iron and manganese concretions; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Btg4--38 to 46 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silt loam; weak fine prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; common fine roots between peds; common distinct gray (10YR 6/1) clay films of faces of peds and in pores; many medium prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; common distinct white (10YR 8/1) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; few fine and medium black (10YR 2/1) iron and manganese concretions; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.
Btg5--46 to 56 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silty clay loam; weak fine prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; common fine roots between peds; common distinct gray (10YR 5/1) and 10YR 6/1) clay films on faces of peds; common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; common prominent white (10YR 8/1) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; few rounded black (10YR 2/1) iron and manganese concretions; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Btg6--56 to 80 inches; gray (5Y 6/1) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common prominent gray (5Y 6/1) clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few fine and medium rounded black (10YR 2/1) iron and manganese concretions; slightly alkaline. (Combined thickness of the Btg horizon is more than 52 inches)
TYPE LOCATION: Spencer County, Indiana; 900 feet west and 2,400 feet north of the southeast corner of sec. 8, T. 7 S., R. 6 W. USGS Rockport Topographic Quadrangle: lat. 37 degrees 55 minutes 24 seconds N and long. 87 degrees 5 minutes 43 seconds W, NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the base of the argillic horizon is 60 to more than 80 inches.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 1 to 3. An E horizon, when present, has hue of 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 3. Texture is silt loam. Clay content ranges from 12 to 20 percent and sand from 5 to 15 percent. Reaction is strongly acid or very strongly acid in non-limed areas, and ranges to neutral in limed areas.
The Btg horizon, above a depth of 36 inches, and BE where present, has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2 with redox accumulations. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam. Clay content ranges from 22 to 34 percent and sand from 5 to 15 percent. Reaction is very strongly acid to moderately acid.
The Btg horizon, below a depth of 36 inches, and BCg where present, has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 7 and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is commonly silt loam or silty clay loam, and less commonly silty clay, clay loam or loam. Clay content ranges from 21 to 42 percent and sand from 5 to 25 percent. Rock fragments (pebbles) range from 0 to 5 percent. Reaction is strongly acid to slightly alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Moniteau, Racoon, Sebring and Whitson series. Moniteau soils are dry for more than 90 cumulative days in all parts of the soil moisture control section. Racoon soils have an albic horizon. Sebring and Whitson soils have the depth to the base of the argillic horizon at less than 60 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Ginat soils are on flats and in closed depressions of stream terraces along the Ohio River and its tributaries. They formed in silty alluvium over silty, loamy and clayey slackwater alluvium. Slopes range from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual temperature ranges from 52 to 57 degrees F., and the mean annual precipitation ranges from 40 to 47 inches. Frost-free days range from 170 to 200.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Elkinsville, Hatfield, Millstone, Rahm, Sciotoville soils and Woodmere soils. The well drained Elkinsville and Millstone and soils are on risers and treads of stream terraces. The somewhat poorly drained Hatfield and moderately well drained Sciotoville soils are on treads of stream terraces. The somewhat poorly drained Rahm and moderately well drained Woodmere soils are on adjacent lower lying flood-plain steps.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained. Permeability is moderate in the upper part of the solum and slow in the lower part. The potential for surface water runoff is low. In drained areas, an intermittent, apparent high water table at 0.5 feet above the surface to 1.0 foot below the surface from December through April in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for growing corn and soybeans Some areas are used for hay and pasture, and a few areas are in woodland or brushy idle pasture. Native vegetation is mixed deciduous, hardwood forest.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Indiana, generally along the Ohio River and its tributaries. The acreage is of moderate extent, and in MLRA's 115 and 120 in Indiana; MLRA 115 in Illinois, MLRA 120 in Kentucky, MLRA 126 in Pennsylvania, West Virginia and Ohio.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Switzerland County, Indiana, 1930.
REMARKS: Diagnostic surface and subsurface horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: 1) Ochric epipedon: the zone from 0 to 9 inches (Ap); 2) Argillic horizon: the zone from 9 to 80 inches (Btg1, Btg2, Btg3, Btg4, Btg5, Btg6); 3) Redoximorphic features: from 0 to 80 inches (Ap, Btg1, Btg2, Btg3, Btg4, Btg5, Btg6).
After investigating this soil throughout the region in southern Indiana, and in consultation with Ohio and West Virginia, the classification of this series is changed from a Typic Fragiaqualf to a Typic Endoaqualf. The Type Location for this series was moved to Spencer County in 1995 to a more representative site within the MLRA.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Data on pedon numbers S91-IN123-104 and S96-IN147-001 are at the NSSC, Lincoln, NE.