LOCATION HUMAREL                 OR

Established Series
IRD. RJO/JLW/DAL/KMS
01/2019

HUMAREL SERIES

Landscape--mountains
Landform--mountain slopes, mass failures on mountain slopes, landslides on mountain slopes
Slope--0 to 90 percent
Parent material--colluvium and residuum derived from hard igneous extrusive rock and an influence of volcanic ash in the upper part
Mean annual precipitation--about 500 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 5 degrees C
Depth class--moderately deep to lithic bedrock
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--frigid
Soil moisture subclass--typic

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey-skeletal, smectitic, frigid Vitrandic Argixerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Humarel very gravelly ashy clay loam, forested, on a 22-percent, west-facing slope at an elevation of about 1280 m (Soil textures are apparent field textures.)

Oi--0 to 3 cm; slightly decomposed conifer needles and grass

A--3 to 15 cm; very gravelly ashy clay loam, reddish gray (5YR 5/2) dry, dark reddish brown (5YR 2.5/2) moist; moderate very fine subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine and fine and common medium roots; common very fine irregular pores; 25 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.8); clear wavy boundary

AB--15 to 33 cm; very stony ashy clay loam, reddish gray (5YR 5/2) dry, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, very sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; common fine and very fine tubular pores and common very fine irregular pores; 25 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles, and 15 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.8); clear wavy boundary

2Bt1--33 to 56 cm; very cobbly clay, reddish brown (5YR 5/3) dry, reddish brown (5YR 4/3) moist; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; extremely hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; many thick clay films on ped faces; few very fine and fine roots; 25 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary

2Bt2--56 to 79 cm; very cobbly clay, reddish brown (5YR 5/3) dry, dark reddish gray (5YR 4/2) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine subangular blocky; very hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; common moderately thick clay films on ped faces; few very fine and fine roots; few very fine irregular pores; 25 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles, and 10 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.7); abrupt wavy boundary

2R--79 cm; hard andesitic tuff breccia

TYPE LOCATION: Grant County, Oregon, in the SW1/4NE1/4SW1/4 of section 17, T. 12 S., R. 33 E.; Cougar Rock U.S. Geological Survey quadrangle; latitude 44.5227447, longitude -118.7710458, datum WGS 84 (coordinates estimated from PLSS details and setting information)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--4 to 7 degrees C
Mean summer soil temperature--9 to 11 degrees C
Mean winter soil temperature--0 to 3 degrees C
Soil moisture--dry 60 to 75 consecutive days in summer
Depth to lithic contact--50 to 100 cm
Thickness of ash-influenced layers--25 to 50 cm

Estimated properties of layers influenced by volcanic ash
*Ammonium oxalate extractable Al + 1/2 Fe--0.3 to 0.8 percent
*0.02- to 2.0-mm fraction--30 to 45 percent
*Glass content in 0.02- to 2.0-mm fraction--5 to 15 percent

Particle-size control section
*Clay content--35 to 50 percent
*Total rock fragment content--45 to 70 percent

A horizon
Moist color--5YR 2.5/2, 7.5YR 2.5/1, 7.5YR 3/2, 10YR 2.5/1
Dry color--5YR 3/3, 5YR 4/1, 5YR 4/2, 5YR 5/2, 7.5YR 4/2, 7.5YR 4/3
Fine-earth texture--ashy clay loam, ashy silt loam, ashy silty clay loam
Clay content--16 to 32 percent
Sand content--20 to 42 percent
Organic matter content--2.5 to 8.0 percent
Total rock fragment content--10 to 55 percent
Gravel content--5 to 30 percent
Cobble content--5 to 20 percent
Stone content--0 to 20 percent
Reaction--6.1 to 7.8

AB horizon
Moist color--5YR 3/2, 5YR 3/3, 7.5YR 3/2, 7.5YR 3/3, 10YR 3/2
Dry color--5YR 4/3, 5YR 5/2, 7.5YR 4/2, 7.5YR 4/3, 7.5YR 5/2, 7.5YR 5/3
Fine-earth texture--ashy clay loam, ashy silty clay loam
Clay content--24 to 42 percent
Sand content--17 to 42 percent
Organic matter content--1.5 to 3.0 percent
Total rock fragment content--35 to 60 percent
Gravel content--15 to 35 percent
Cobble content--10 to 20 percent
Stone content--0 to 20 percent
Reaction--6.1 to 7.3
Combined thickness of A and AB horizons--25 to 50 cm

2Bt horizon, and 2BC horizon (where present)
Moist color--5YR 4/2, 5YR 4/3, 5YR 5/2, 7.5YR 4/3, 10YR 4/2, 10YR 4/3
Dry color--5YR 4/3, 5YR 6/3, 7.5 YR 4/3, 7.5YR 5/3, 10YR 5/2, 10YR 5/3
Fine-earth texture--clay loam, clay
Clay content--35 to 55 percent
Sand content--15 to 40 percent
Organic matter content--1 to 2 percent
Total rock fragment content--35 to 70 percent
Gravel content--20 to 50 percent
Cobble content--5 to 25 percent
Stone content--0 to 20 percent
Reaction--6.6 to 7.3

2R horizon
*The upper 3 to 15 cm in some pedons is weathered, less than strongly cemented tuff.

COMPETING SERIES:
Dupratt--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (basalt); mollic epipedon 50 to 75 cm thick; dry 70 to 90 consecutive days in summer
Erakatak--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (welded tuff); no O horizon consisting of conifer needles
Finsel--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (hard tuff); no O horizon consisting of conifer needles; mollic epipedon 50 to 100 cm thick; dry 75 to 90 consecutive days in summer
Hamtah--very deep (more than 150 cm); no O horizon consisting of conifer needles; mollic epipedon 50 to 65 cm thick; 10 to 40 percent pararock fragments of less than strongly cemented tuff in lower part of argillic horizon; linear extensibility greater than 6 in upper 100 cm of mineral soil
Home Camp--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to paralithic contact (weathered tuff); no O horizon
Lamulita--deep (100 to 150 cm) to lithic contact (andesitic tuff breccia); dry 45 to 60 consecutive days in summer
Maule--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to paralithic contact (weathered welded tuff); mollic epipedon 50 to 100 cm thick; dry 60 to 90 consecutive days in summer
Menbo--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (fractured basalt); no O horizon consisting of conifer needles; mollic epipedon 50 to 90 cm thick; dry 100 to 120 consecutive days in summer
Shotsprings--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (basalt); mollic epipedon 50 to 100 cm thick; dry 45 to 60 consecutive days in summer
Squatterflat--very deep (more than 150 cm)
Wiltop--deep (100 to 150 cm) to lithic contact (welded tuff)

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--810 to 1830 m
Climate--cold, wet winters; warm, dry summers
Mean annual precipitation--380 to 810 mm
Mean annual air temperature--3 to 7 degrees C
Frost-free period--30 to 100 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Canest--on plateau tops and pediment benches; very shallow (13 to 25 cm) to lithic contact (igneous rock); under stiff sagebrush, low sagebrush, Sandberg bluegrass, and phlox
Fivebit--on plateaus and backslopes, shallow (25 to 50 cm) to lithic contact (rhyolitic tuff, andesite, basalt); minor influence of volcanic ash in loamy-skeletal colluvium; under scattered ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, western juniper, big sagebrush, and Idaho fescue
Grubcreek--on convex to planar, mid to upper, erosional summits and benches; moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (andesite, andesitic basalt, basalt); no argillic horizon; under grand fir, Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, common snowberry, elk sedge, and pinegrass
Hafmau--on rolling mountain side slopes and benches; shallow (36 to 50 cm) to lithic contact (basalt, tuff); argillic horizon; under Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, elk sedge, and heartleaf arnica
Harlow--on canyon walls and basalt plateaus; shallow (25 to 50 cm) to lithic contact (basalt, argillite); mollic epipedon and argillic horizon; under bluebunch wheatgrass and Idaho fescue
Klicker--on backslopes; moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (basalt); no argillic horizon; minor ash influence; under Douglas-fir or ponderosa pine forest
Lamulita--on eroding backslopes of tuff breccia mudflows; deep (100 to 150 cm) to lithic contact (andesitic tuff breccia); influence of volcanic ash; mollic epipedon and argillic horizon; under grand fir, Douglas-fir, common snowberry, birchleaf spirea, and mountain brome
Lemonex--on mountain footslopes and backslopes; moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (serpentine, ultramafic rock); mollic epipedon and argillic horizon; under ponderosa pine, elk sedge, and Idaho fescue
Meaufun--on depositional backslopes of mountains, deep (100 to 150 cm) to paralithic contact (tuff, olivine basalt); mollic epipedon of ash mixed with colluvium; argillic horizon; under Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine forest
Sharpridge--on lower backslopes, footslopes, and toeslopes; deep or very deep (100 to 200 cm) to lithic contact (tuff); volcanic ash mantle 35 to 45 cm thick; argillic horizon; under grand fir, Douglas-fir, western larch, big huckleberry, darkwoods violet, and western fescue

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Saturation during normal years--none
Flooding--none
Ponding--none
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--moderately high in upper part, moderately low in lower part

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--timber production, livestock grazing, recreation, wildlife habitat, watershed
Potential native vegetation--lodgepole pine, elk sedge, common snowberry, pinegrass, Idaho fescue, heartleaf arnica, white spirea, Wheeler bluegrass, American vetch, tailcup lupine, baldhip rose, blue wildrye, Virginia strawberry, low Oregon grape, mallow ninebark, common yarrow, wax currant, Saskatoon serviceberry, western fescue, western needlegrass, mountain brome, bluebunch wheatgrass, showy aster, sticky geranium, woodland strawberry
Plant association--dominantly PIPO/SYAL (ponderosa pine/common snowberry); may include PSME/SYAL (Douglas-fir/common snowberry) and PIPO/CAGE (ponderosa pine/elk sedge)

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: South-central Blue Mountains, Oregon; MLRA 43C; moderate extent

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Malheur National Forest, Oregon; 2018

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Mollic epipedon--zone from 3 to 33 cm
*Argillic horizon--zone from 33 to 79 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from 33 to 79 cm
*Depth to lithic contact--79 cm
*Volcanic glass--zone from 3 to 33 cm

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.