LOCATION SQUATTERFLAT            OR

Tentative Series
IRD. RJO/JLW/DAL
01/2018

SQUATTERFLAT SERIES

The Squatterflat series consists of very deep, well-drained soils on eroded mountain valley terraces. Squatterflat soils formed in colluvium derived from andesitic tuff and tuff breccia over alluvium derived from mixed sources with an influence of volcanic ash in the upper part. Slopes are 0 to 60 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 24 inches and mean annual temperature about 44 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey-skeletal, smectitic, frigid Vitrandic Argixerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Squatterflat very cobbly ashy silt loam - forested, on an 18 percent northwestfacing slope at 3,750 feet elevation. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted. Textures are apparent field textures.)

Oi--0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed conifer needles and grass

A--1 to 11 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) very cobbly ashy silt loam, reddish gray (5YR 5/2) dry; moderate medium granular structure parting to fine granular; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots throughout; common very fine irregular and few fine tubular pores; 20 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles, and 10 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.7); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 17 inches thick)

2E--11 to 22 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) extremely stony clay loam, light brown (7.5YR 6/3) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure parting to very fine subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine, and few medium and coarse roots throughout; common very fine and few fine irregular and few fine tubular pores; 35 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles, and 15 percent stones; slightly acid (pH 6.5); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 14 inches thick)

2Bt1--22 to 41 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) extremely stony clay, brown (7.5YR 5/3) dry; moderate medium angular blocky structure parting to weak fine angular blocky; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; many moderately thick clay films on ped faces; common very fine and few fine, medium, and coarse roots throughout; common very fine and few fine tubular pores; 30 percent gravel, 25 percent cobbles, and 20 percent stones; neutral (pH 7.0); gradual smooth boundary. (6 to 25 inches thick)

2Bt2--41 to 61 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) extremely stony sandy clay, light brown (7.5YR 6/3) dry; weak medium angular blocky structure parting to fine angular blocky; moderately hard, firm, very sticky and moderately plastic; common moderately thick clay films on ped faces; few very fine and fine roots throughout; few very fine tubular pores; 30 percent gravel, 25 percent cobbles, and 20 percent stones; slightly acid (pH 6.5).

TYPE LOCATION: Grant County, Oregon
Section 36 (SE1/4, SE1/4, SE1/4), T. 36 S., R. 33 E.
Latitude: 44 deg, 39 min, 00 sec North;
Longitude: 118 deg, 40 min, 41 sec West
UTM coordinates: Zone 11; 4,945,210 northing; 366,930 easting; NAD27
USGS Quadrangle: Boulder Butte

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Temperature: frigid regime
Mean Annual Soil Temperature: 43 to 47 degrees F
Mean Summer Soil Temperature: 52 to 56 degrees F
Mean Winter Soil Temperature: 35 to 39 degrees F
Soil Moisture: xeric regime, dry 60 to 75 consecutive days in summer

Particle-size Control Section: upper 20 inches of the argillic horizon
clay content, average: 40 to 60 percent
rock fragment content, average: 40 to 75 percent

Diagnostic Horizons and Features:
vitrandic subgroup properties: upper boundary at the mineral surface: 10 to 17 inches thick
A1+1/2Fe (ammonium oxalate): 0.3 to 0.8 percent
P retention: 20 to 40 percent
0.02-2.0mm fraction: 30 to 45 percent of fine earth fraction
glass content in the 0.02-2.0mm fraction: 5 to 15 percent
mollic epipedon: 10 to 17 inches thick
argillic horizon: 35 to 52 inches thick

A horizons:
color, moist: 2.5YR 2.5/1; 5YR 2.5/1, 2.5/2, 3/1, 3/2; 10YR 3/2
color, dry: 5YR 4/2, 4/3, 5/2; 7.5YR 5/2, 5/3; 10YR 5/3
texture: GR-ASHY-SIL, GR-ASHY-L, CBV-ASHY-SIL, GRV-ASHY-L
clay content: 12 to 26 percent
rock fragment content: 15 to 50 percent
gravel: 15 to 30 percent
cobbles: 0 to 20 percent
stones: 0 to 10 percent
reaction: slightly acid to neutral; pH: 6.1 to 7.3

2E horizon (may include EB in some pedons):
color, moist: 5YR 3/1, 4/2, 4/3; 7.5YR 4/3; 10YR 3/2
color, dry: 5YR 5/3; 7.5YR 5/3, 6/3; 10YR 4/3
texture: GRV-CL, STX-CL, CBV-CL
clay content: 28 to 35 percent
rock fragment content: 35 to 70 percent
gravel: 25 to 35 percent
cobbles: 5 to 20 percent
stones: 0 to 15 percent
reaction: slightly acid to neutral; pH: 6.1 to 7.3

2Bt horizons:
color, moist: 5YR 4/2; 7.5YR 3/4, 4/3; 10YR 3/3, 5/3
color, dry: 5YR 5/3; 7.5YR 5/3, 5/4, 6/3; 10YR 5/3
texture: CBV-C, GRV-C, STV-C, CBX-C, CBX-SC, STX-C, STX-SC
clay content: 40 to 60 percent
rock fragment content: 40 to 75 percent
gravel: 15 to 45 percent
cobbles: 10 to 30 percent
stones: 0 to 20 percent
reaction: slightly acid to neutral; pH: 6.1 to 7.3

COMPETING SERIES:
Breeseranch - deep to a lithic contact (welded tuff); formed in colluvium and residuum from rhyolite with volcanic ash in the surface; dry for 75 to 90 consecutive days in summer
Dupratt - moderately deep to a lithic contact (basalt); mollic epipedon 20 to 30 inches thick; dry for 70 to 90 consecutive days in summer
Erakatak - moderately deep to a lithic contact (welded tuff); does not have an O horizon of conifer needles
Finsel - moderately deep to a lithic contact (hard tuff); does not have an O horizon of conifer needles; mollic epipedon 20 to 40 inches thick; dry 75 to 90 consecutive days in summer
Hamtah - very deep; does not have an O horizon of conifer needles; mollic epipedon is 20 to 26 inches thick; 10 to 40 percent pararock fragments of less than strongly cemented tuff in lower part of argillic horizon; linear extensibility is greater than 6 in upper 100 cm of mineral soil
Home Camp - moderately deep to a paralithic contact (weathered tuff); does not have an O horizon
Humarel - moderately deep to a lithic contact (hard andesitic tuff breccia)
Lamulita - deep to a lithic contact (andesitic tuff breccia); dry 45 to 60 consecutive days in summer
Maule - moderately deep to a paralithic contact (weathered welded tuff); mollic epipedon 20 to 40 inches thick; dry 60 to 90 consecutive days in summer
Menbo - moderately deep to a lithic contact (fractured basalt); does not have an O horizon of conifer needles; mollic epipedon 20 to 35 inches thick; dry 100 to 120 consecutive days in summer
Potlid - moderately deep to a lithic contact (andesitic tuff); mollic epipedon 20 to 26 inches thick; particle-size control section averages 35 to 45 percent clay
Shotsprings - moderately deep to a lithic contact (basalt); mollic epipedon 20 to 39 inches thick; dry 45 to 60 consecutive days in summer

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform: planar to concave, erosional backslopes, of moderately dissected, pyroclastic flows
Slope gradient: 0 to 60 percent
Lithology: andesitic tuff breccia of the Clarno formation and other rocks of mixed mineralogy Elevation: 3,400 to 3,900 feet
Climate: cold, wet winters; warm, dry summers
Mean annual precipitation: 22 to 25 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 43 to 45 degrees F
Frost-free period: 50 to 120 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Campcreek: on dissected relict valley fill terraces; very deep with mollic epipedon and pale argillic horizon; under big sagebrush, Idaho fescue and bluebunch wheatgrass
Stithum: on eroding mountain valley terraces; very deep, with ochric epipedon and argillic horizon; under grand fir, Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, common snowberry, and pinegrass
Terrod: on low valley floor terraces; very deep, mollic epipedon, and aquic conditions at 20 to 30 inches; under grand fir, Engelmann spruce, lodgepole pine, Scouler's willow, and timothy

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: well drained
Permeability: moderate in surface; slow in subsoil

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use: timber production, livestock grazing, recreation, wildlife habitat, watershed
Native vegetation: Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, western larch, creeping Oregon grape, birchleaf spiraea, wormleaf stonecrop, common yarrow, strawberry, white hawkweed, elk sedge and pinegrass.
Plant Association: Dominant: PSME/CARU (Douglas-fir/pinegrass); may include: PIPO/ SYAL (ponderosa pine/common snowberry), PIPO/CARU (ponderosa pine/pinegrass) or PIPO/CAGE (ponderosa pine/elk sedge)

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: MLRA: 43c; South Central Blue Mountains, OR
Extent: moderate

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES PROPOSED: Malheur National Forest, Oregon. The name is from a landmark on the Boulder Butte quadrangle.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
mollic epipedon: 1 to 11 inches; A horizon
argillic horizon: 22 to 61 inches; 2Bt1, 2Bt2 horizons
vitrandic subgroup properties: 1 to 11 inches; A horizon
particle-size control section: 22 to 42 inches; 2Bt1, 2Bt2 horizons

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.