LOCATION HENSHAW KY+IL IN OHEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Aquic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Henshaw silt loam, on a smooth 1 percent slope, in cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 9 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; weak fine and medium granular structure; very friable; common fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 11 inches thick)
Bt1--9 to 18 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) silty clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium angular blocky; firm; common fine roots between prisms; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on ped faces; common fine distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses as iron accumulation; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--18 to 25 inches; 35 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), 35 percent olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) and 30 percent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay loam; moderate medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium angular blocky; firm; few fine roots between prisms; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on ped faces; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon ranges from 5 to 30 inches.)
BCg--25 to 45 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure; friable; few faint brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on ped faces; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
Cgk--45 to 65 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt loam; massive; friable; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; few fine calcium carbonate concretions; slightly effervescent below 55 inches; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Daviess County, Kentucky; 5.5 miles southwest of Owensboro, 200 yards west of the intersection of Kellar Road and Kentucky Highway 81; 3/4 mile south of the village of Rome. USGStopographic quadrangle: (unknown); lat. degrees minutes seconds N. and long. degrees minutes seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of solum ranges from 40 to 60 inches or more. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to slightly alkaline in the A and Bt horizons and ranges from moderately acid to moderately alkaline in the Btg, BCg, and Cg horizons. Depth to carbonates ranges from 30 to 60 inches. Depth to bedrock is more than 10 feet.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6 , and chroma of 2 to 4. Texture is silt loam.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6. Commonly this horizon is an evenly mottled pattern with no dominant matrix color in the lower part. Redoximorphic features range from few to common and are in shades of gray and brown. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam.
The Btg horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral. Redoximorphic features range from few to common and are in shades of brown or yellow. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam.
The BC or BCg horizons have hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 3. Redoximorphic features range from few to many and are in shades of brown, yellow or gray. Some pedons havea few fine calcium carbonate concretions.
The Cg horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral. Redoximorphic features range from few to many and are in shades of brown or yellow. Most pedons have few to common calcium carbonate concretions ranging from 2mm to 5cm in diameter. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam, but some pedons have stratified layers of loam, clay loam, and silty clay loam. .
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Appleriver, Blair, Bunkum, Fishhook, Freeburg, Geff, Glenford, Muren, Reesville, Torox, and Xenia series. Appleriver soils have a paralithic contact within 60 inches. Blair, Bunkum, Fishhook, Freeburg, Geff, Glenford, and Muren soils do not have carbonates at depths less than 60 inches. Xenia soils are moderately well drained. Torox soils have 2 to 15 percent fragments and coarser textures in the lower series control section. Reesville soils have greater than 20 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Henshaw soils are on nearly level to gently sloping stream terraces. Slopes range from 0 to 6 percent. Henshaw soils formed in alluvium derived from calcareous loess. Near the type location the average annual air temperature is 56.9 degrees F., and the average annual precipitation is 46.3 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the McGary, Markland, Patton, Uniontown, and Wakeland series. McGary and Markland soils have argillic horizons with more than 40 percent clay and are on slightly higher stream terraces. Patton soils have dark colored A horizons and lack argillic horizons and are in depressions. Uniontown soils lack iron depletions in the upper part of the argillic horizon and are on similar landscapes. Wakeland soils lack argillic horizons.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Runoff is negligible to medium. Permeability is moderately slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil are used for cultivated crops, principally corn, soybeans, small grains and hay or pasture. Native forest is lowland oaks, sweetgum maple, hickory, poplar, pecan and cottonwood as dominant species.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Illinois, southern Indiana, western Kentucky and Ohio. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Clinton County, Ohio; 1959.
REMARKS: CEC activity was determined from S54KY-51-12 and S54KY-51-13 laboratory samples from near the type location.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 9 inches (Ap)
Argillic horizon: 9 to 45 inches (Bt1, Bt2, BCg)