LOCATION IRONRUN WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, siliceous, frigid Typic Endoaquods
TYPICAL PEDON: Ironrun sand from an area of Ironrun - Ponycreek complex on a plane, north-facing 1 percent slope in a woodland at an elevation of 950 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oe--0 to 2 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) mucky peat (hemic material which is a mat of partially decomposed forest litter); about 50 percent fiber and 25 percent rubbed; weak thin platy structure; non-sticky; extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 3 inches thick)
A--2 to 4 inches; black (N 2/0) sand; black (10YR 2/1) dry; weak fine and medium granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
E--4 to 12 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) sand; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots; common distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings on sand grains; strongly acid; abrupt irregular boundary. (2 to 16 inches thick)
Bhs--12 to 16 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
Bs1--16 to 24 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots; few fine distinct brown (7.5YR 5/4) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 18 inches thick)
Bs2--24 to 30 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few fine roots; few fine faint brown (7.5YR 5/4) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
C--30 to 62 inches; yellow (10YR 7/6) sand; single grain; loose; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Jackson County, Wisconsin, about 2.5 miles east and 1 mile north of Millston; 1000 feet north and 175 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 15, T.20 N., R.2 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: (Unless otherwise stated, thickness and depth are measured from the top of the mineral soil.) The thickness of the solum ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Volume of gravel or sandstone channers ranges from 0 to 5 percent throughout. Reaction typically ranges from extremely acid to moderately acid in the solum but ranges to neutral in the A and E horizons, where the soil is limed. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to slightly acid in the substratum. Redox accumulations are in the albic or spodic horizon within 20 inches. Aquic conditions occur within 20 inches for some time in most years.
The O horizon has hue of 7.5Yr or 10YR or is neutral in hue. Value is 2 or 3 and chroma is 0 to 2. It is partially decomposed forest litter.
The A horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR or it is neutral in hue. Value is 2 to 3 and chroma is 0 to 2. Some pedons have an Ap horizon with hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 3 or 4; and chroma of 2 or 3.
The E horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR or 10YR; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 1 to 3. Colors of 4/3 or 5/3 have value dry of 7 or more. The E horizon is sand or coarse sand.
The Bhs horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 to 3. It is sand, coarse sand, loamy sand, or loamy coarse sand. In some pedons the Bhs horizon has up to 20 percent ortstein.
The Bs horizon has hue of 5YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 6 or hue of 7.5YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 4. It has texture like the Bhs horizon. In some pedons the Bs horizon has up to 20 percent ortstein.
Some pedons have a Bw or BC horizon with hue of hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 8. It is sand or coarse sand. Bw or BC horizons with spodic color have pH greater than 5.9 or have less than 0.6% organic carbon.
The C horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 8. It is sand or coarse sand.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series. Similar soils are the Au Gres, Croswell, Halfaday, Majik, Rockdam, and Wainola series. Au Gres soils have mixed mineralogy. Croswell, Halfaday, and Rockdam soils do not have redox features in the spodic horizon or aquic conditions within 20 inches. In addition, Croswell and Halfaday soils have mixed mineralogy. Wainola soils are dominantly fine sand and have mixed mineralogy.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Ironrun soils are on pediments and stream terraces. Slope gradients range from 0 to 3 percent. These soils formed in siliceous sandy alluvium. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 33 inches. Mean annual temperature ranges from 39 to 45 degrees F. The frost free period ranges from about 90 to 135 days. Elevation ranges from 800 to 1400 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Arbutus, Fairchild, Ludington, Ponycreek, and Rockdam. The excessively drained Arbutus soils are nearby in some areas along major drainageways where the siliceous sand is underlain by igneous bedrock at 20 to 40 inches. The somewhat poorly drained Fairchild soils and the moderately well drained Ludington soils form a drainage sequence in nearby areas where the siliceous sand is underlain by interbedded sandstone and shale at 20 to 40 inches. The moderately well drained Rockdam soils and the poorly drained Ponycreek soils form a drainage sequence with the Ironrun soils.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Surface runoff is slow or very slow. Permeability is rapid or very rapid. Ironrun soils have an apparent seasonal high water table at a depth of 1.0 to 2.0 feet for 1 month or more per year at some time from November to June in 6 or more out of 10 years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are in woodland. Native vegetation is mixed coniferous and deciduous forest. Common trees are jack pine, eastern white pine, northern pin oak, swamp white oak, paper birch, aspen, and red maple.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: West-Central Wisconsin. This series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Clark County, Wisconsin, 1994.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this soil: ochric epipedon - 2 to 12 inches (A, E); albic horizon - 4 to 12 inches (E); spodic horizon - 12 to 30 inches (Bhs, Bs1, Bs2); features: siliceous feature - less than 10 percent weatherable minerals in the particle size control section.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Record - WI0431.