LOCATION KROEKER OK+KS TX
Tentative Series
CPH-SLM
10/2018
KROEKER SERIES
The Kroeker series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in loamy alluvium and/or eolian deposits of Holocene age over the Ogallala Formation of Miocene-Pliocene age. These soils occur on very gently sloping to moderately sloping treads of terraces and terrace remnants and on hillslopes of the dissected high plains. Slope ranges from 1 to 8 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 533 mm (21 in) and mean annual air temperature is about 14.4 degrees C (58 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Calcidic Argiustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Kroeker loam--on a 0.5 percent linear slope, on stream terrace, in native rangeland at an elevation of 763 m (2503 ft).
(Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 19 cm (0 to 8 in); brown (7.5YR 5/4) loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3), moist; moderate medium subangular blocky parting to moderate medium granular structure; soft, very friable; many very fine, few fine, and few medium roots throughout; noneffervescent; neutral, pH 7.3; clear smooth boundary. Thickness of A horizon: 18 to 30 cm (7 to 12 in)
Btk1--19 to 34 cm (8 to 13 in); brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4), moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; common very fine and common fine roots throughout; common distinct clay films on vertical faces of peds; common medium faint worm casts in matrix; finely disseminated carbonate throughout, few medium distinct spherical moderately cemented carbonate nodules in matrix; very slightly effervescent (1 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); moderately alkaline, pH 8.2; clear smooth boundary.
Btk2--34 to 58 cm (13 to 23 in); strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4), moist; moderate medium prismatic parting to strong medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; common very fine and common fine roots between peds; many distinct clay films on tops of soil prisms; very few distinct carbonate coats on vertical faces of peds; common medium prominent spherical moderately cemented carbonate nodules in matrix; slightly effervescent (6 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); strongly alkaline, pH 8.5; abrupt wavy boundary. Combined thickness of Btk horizons are 15 to 114 cm (6 to 45 in)
Bk1--58 to 81 cm (23 to 32 in); 80 percent pinkish white (7.5YR 8/2) and 20 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silty clay loam, 80 percent pink (7.5YR 7/4) and 20 percent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6), moist; moderate medium angular blocky parting to strong fine angular blocky structure; moderately hard, firm; few fine roots between peds; many carbonate coats on all faces of peds; finely disseminated carbonate throughout; many extremely coarse distinct cylindrical strongly cemented carbonate nodules in matrix; common medium distinct irregular moderately cemented carbonate nodules in matrix; common very coarse distinct spherical strongly cemented carbonate nodules in matrix; 1 percent 2 to 5 mm, 2 percent 5 to 20 mm, and 1 percent 20 to 75 mm strongly cemented angular caliche fragments; violently effervescent (31 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); strongly alkaline, pH 8.7; diffuse irregular boundary.
Bk2--81 to 115 cm (32 to 45 in); 90 percent reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) and 10 percent pinkish white (7.5YR 8/2) silty clay loam, 90 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and 10 percent pink (7.5YR 7/4) moist; moderate medium angular blocky parting to strong fine angular blocky structure; hard, very firm; few clay films on vertical faces of peds, common distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/2), moist, organoargillians on vertical faces of peds, and many distinct carbonate coats on vertical faces of peds; finely disseminated carbonate throughout; common fine distinct threadlike masses of calcium carbonate throughout; common medium distinct spherical moderately cemented carbonate nodules in matrix; strongly effervescent (26 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); strongly alkaline, pH 8.5; clear smooth boundary. Combined thickness of Bk horizons are 15 to 140 cm (6 to 55 in)
BCk1--115 to 140 cm (45 to 55 in); reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) loam, strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), moist; strong medium subangular blocky parting to moderate fine angular blocky structure; moderately hard, friable; few very fine roots throughout; finely disseminated carbonate throughout; many fine distinct threadlike masses of calcium carbonate in matrix; strongly effervescent (14 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); strongly alkaline, pH 8.5; gradual smooth boundary. Combined thickness of BCk horizons are 30 to 81 cm (12 to 32 in).
BCk2--140 to 203 cm (55 to 80 in); reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) loam, strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), moist; strong coarse prismatic parting to strong medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable; very few very fine roots throughout; finely disseminated carbonate throughout; common fine faint threadlike masses of calcium carbonate in matrix; strongly effervescent; (8 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); strongly alkaline, pH 8.5.
TYPE LOCATION:
Beaver County, Oklahoma; from the intersection of Highway 270 and county road 150 south of Beaver, 4 miles west; then 1700 ft (518 m) south and 670 ft (204 m) east of the northwest corner of Section 28, Township 4N, Range 23E (Cimarron Meridian).
USGS topographic quadrangle: Beaver, Oklahoma
Latitude: 36 degrees, 47 minutes, 9.57 seconds N
Longitude: 100 degrees, 35 minutes, 36.23 seconds W
Datum: WGS84
Decimal Degrees
Std Latitude: 36.7859917
Std Longitude: -100.5933972
UTM Northing: 4072289
UTM Easting: 357820
UTM Zone: 14S
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: An ustic moisture regime bordering on aridic. The soil moisture control section is dry in some or all parts for more than 180 but less than 220 days, cumulative, in normal years.
Solum thickness: more than 203 cm (80 in)
Thickness of mollic epipedon: 18 to 46 cm (7 to 18 in)
Thickness of argillic horizon: 15 to 114 cm (10 to 45 in)
Depth to identifiable secondary carbonates: 18 to 76 cm (7 to 30 in)
Depth to calcic horizon: 41 to 102 cm (16 to 40 in)
Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Total clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Silicate clay content: 18 to 34 percent
Carbonate clay content: 1 to 3 percent
Total Sand Content: 20 to 50 percent; content of fine sand or coarser is 15 percent or more
Coarse fragments: 0 to 5 percent; fine to coarse gravel; indurated well-rounded quartzite, feldspar, ironstone, and sandstone, and strongly cemented angular caliche fragments
A or Ap horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3 moist or dry
Texture: silt loam, loam, clay loam
Total clay content: 15 to 30 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 2 percent
Total Sand Content: 10 to 50 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 1 percent; fine to medium gravel; indurated well-rounded quartzite, feldspar, ironstone, and sandstone
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 2 percent
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction (pH): neutral to moderately alkaline (6.6-8.4)
Bt horizons (where present):
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6 moist or dry
Texture: loam, clay loam, silt loam, silty clay loam
Total clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 2 percent
Total Sand Content: 10 to 50 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 3 percent; fine to medium gravel; indurated well-rounded quartzite, feldspar, ironstone, and sandstone
Identifiable secondary carbonate: none
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 2 percent
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction (pH): neutral to moderately alkaline (6.6-8.4)
Upper Btk horizons:
Hue: 5YR, 10YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 3 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6 moist or dry
Texture: loam, clay loam, silt loam, silty clay loam
Total clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Silicate clay content: 18 to 34 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 3 percent
Total Sand Content: 10 to 50 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 3 percent; fine to medium gravel; indurated well-rounded quartzite, feldspar, ironstone, and sandstone, or strongly cemented angular caliche
Identifiable secondary carbonate: 1 to 15 percent; films, masses, nodules, threads, and/or concretions
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 10 percent
Effervescence: very slight to strong
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline (7.4-9.0)
Lower Btk horizons (calcic horizon where present):
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 5 to 8 dry, 3 to 7 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6 moist or dry
Texture: loam, silt loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay loam
Total clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Silicate clay content: 18 to 34 percent
Carbonate clay content: 1 to 5 percent
Total Sand Content: 10 to 50 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 3 percent; fine to medium gravel; indurated well-rounded quartzite, feldspar, ironstone, and sandstone, or strongly cemented angular caliche
Identifiable secondary carbonate: 5 to 40 percent; films, masses, nodules, threads, and/or concretions
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 25 percent
Effervescence: strong to violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline (7.4-9.0)
Bk, Bkk, and BCk horizons:
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 4 to 8 dry, 3 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6 moist or dry
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy clay loam, loam, clay loam, silt loam
Total clay content: 13 to 35 percent
Silicate clay content: 10 to 30 percent
Carbonate clay content: 3 to 15 percent
Total Sand Content: 10 to 70 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 10 percent; fine to medium gravel; indurated well-rounded quartzite, feldspar, ironstone, and sandstone, or strongly cemented angular caliche
Identifiable secondary carbonate: 10 to 65 percent; films, masses, nodules, threads, and/or concretions
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 35 percent
Effervescence: strong to violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline (7.4-9.0)
COMPETING SERIES:
These are the
Berrend series in the same family. Similar soils include the
Abbie,
Alibates,
Creta,
Manson, and
Oslo series.
Berrend soils: formed in sediments derived mostly from conglomerate and volcanic sources at elevations of more than 1220 m (4000 ft) in MLRA 42
Abbie and
Alibates soils: do not have a calcic horizon within 102 cm (40 in) of the soil surface
Creta soils: have paralithic materials of Cretaceous age within 203 cm (80 in) of the soil surface
Manson soils: have a fine-silty particle-size class and meet the criteria for Paleustolls Great Group
Oslo soils: have a fine-silty particle-size class, formed exclusively from loess, and have a cooler mesic soil temperature regime
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent Material: loamy alluvium and/or eolian deposits of Holocene age over the Ogallala Formation of Miocene-Pliocene age.
Landscape: Dissected high plains
Landform: treads of terraces and/or terrace remnants; footslopes and backslopes of hillslopes
Slope: 1 to 8 percent
Precipitation pattern: These soils are intermittently moist in September through November and March through June. July through August and December through February are the driest months.
Mean annual precipitation: 457 to 635 mm (18 to 25 in)
Thornthwaite annual P-E Index: 25 to 36
Mean annual air temperature: 13.9 to 16.7 degrees C (57 to 62 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 180 to 215 days
Elevation: 595 to 1220 m (1950 to 4000 ft)
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
These are the
Abbie,
Alopark,
Catesby,
Case,
Chiquita,
Darrouzett,
Irene,
Laverne,
Mansic,
Mocane,
Ochiltree,
Oklark,
Paloduro, and
Slapout series.
Abbie,
Darrouzett, and
Irene soils: do not have a calcic horizon within 100 cm (40 in) of the soil surface and occur on similar or slightly higher terraces and terrace remnants.
Chiquita soils: have an ochric epipedon and occur on similar positions
Alopark,
Case,
Oklark, and
Mansic soils: do not have an argillic horizon, are formed in the
Laverne (
Valentine) Member, Ogallala
Formation, and occur on slightly higher or adjacent hillslopes. In addition Alopark and Oklark soils have a coarse-loamy particle size class.
Catesby,
Laverne,
Ochiltree,
Paloduro, and
Slapout soils: do not have an argillic horizon, are formed in
Kimball or Ash
Hollow Members, Ogallala
Formation, and occur on slightly higher or adjacent positions. In addition Laverne and Ochiltree soils are less than 50 cm (20 in) deep to a restrictive layer.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class: well drained
Permeability: moderate
Runoff: low on 1 to 5 percent slopes, and medium on 5 to 8 percent slopes
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major uses: mainly livestock grazing but also crop production
Native vegetation: dominantly short grasses with a few mid grasses and includes blue grama and buffalograss, with lesser amounts of vine-mesquite, western wheatgrass, sideoats grama, galleta, tobosa, silver bluestem, wild alfalfa, and prairieclover
Ecological sites assigned to phases and components of this series are listed below. Current ecological site assignments are in Web Soil Survey. Components of this series include the following ecological sites: Clay Loam
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General area: Texas and Oklahoma Panhandles, northwestern Oklahoma and southwestern Kansas
Land Resource Region: H - Central Great Plains Winter Wheat and Range Region
MLRA 77E - Southern High Plains, Breaks
Extent: Moderate
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES PROPOSED: Beaver County, Oklahoma, 2008
REMARKS:
Many pedons, as the one in this description, have argillic horizons between 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in) that have been engulfed and destroyed by accumulation of carbonates.
Lab data from the type location shows this pedon to be just barely in the fine-silty textural family. Other data suggests that most pedons of this series classify in the fine-loamy textural family. More data should be collected to determine which textural family the majority of the series classifies in.
Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon:
Particle-size control section: 19 to 58 cm (8 to 23_in)
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 19 cm (0 to 8 in) (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon: 19 to 58 cm (8 to 23 in) (Btk1 and Btk2 horizons)
Calcic horizon: 58 to 115 cm (23 to 45 in) (Bk1 and Bk2 horizons)
Identifiable secondary carbonates: 19 to 203 cm (8 to 80 in) (Btk, Bk, and BCk horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA: KSSL data available: S2010OK007004(TL), S1987OK007004 (Beaver County, OK)
TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.