LOCATION OSLO TX+OK
Established Series
TCB-WMR-CLN
03/2021
OSLO SERIES
The Oslo series consists of deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in calcareous silty loess of Pleistocene age. These soils are on nearly level to gently sloping plains. Slopes range is from 0 to 5 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 509 mm (20 in) and mean annual air temperature is about 13 degrees C (55 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Calcidic Argiustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Oslo silty clay loam, on a nearly level plain, 0.5 percent slope in native rangeland at an elevation of 973 m (3192 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap1--0 to 13 cm (0 to 5 in); brown (7.5YR 4/2) silty clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; weak medium and fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; many fine and very fine roots; strongly effervescent (4 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); moderately alkaline, pH 7.9; clear smooth boundary.
Ap2--13 to 28 cm (5 to 11 in); brown (7.5YR 4/2) silty clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; weak medium and fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm; common fine and very fine roots; strongly effervescent (5 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); moderately alkaline, pH 7.9; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Ap horizons: 20 to 50 cm [8 to 20 inches])
Bt--28 to 46 cm (11 to 18 in); brown (7.5YR 5/3) silty clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak fine and medium subangular blocky; hard, firm; common fine and very fine roots; common very fine root pores; common distinct clay films on ped faces; finely disseminated carbonate throughout; strongly effervescent (12 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); moderately alkaline, pH 8.1; gradual smooth boundary. Thickness of the Bt horizons is 10 to 40 cm [4 to 16 in]
Btk--46 to 86 cm (18 to 34 in); brown (7.5YR 5/4) silty clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak fine and medium subangular blocky; hard, firm; common fine and very fine roots; common very fine pores; few faint clay films on ped faces; few fine distinct irregular carbonate masses; few fine distinct threadlike carbonate mases; few medium distinct spherical strongly cemented carbonate concretions; violently effervescent (7 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); moderately alkaline, 8.2; gradual wavy boundary. Thickness of the Btk horizons is 25 to 50 cm [10 to 20 in]
2Bkk--86 to 140 cm (34 to 55 in); pink (7.5YR 8/3) clay, pink (7.5YR 7/3) moist; moderate coarse and medium platy structure; slightly hard, friable; common fine and very fine roots; common very fine pores; about 65 percent by volume finely disseminated, masses, and nodules of calcium carbonate; violently effervescent (62 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); moderately alkaline, pH 8.3; gradual wavy boundary. Thickness of the 2Bkk and/or 2Bk horizons is 25 to 65 cm [10 to 26 in]
2Btk1--140 to 179 cm (55 to 70 in); pink (7.5YR 7/4) clay, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; hard, firm; few faint clay films on ped faces; about 35 percent by volume finely disseminated, masses, and nodules of calcium carbonate; violently effervescent (41 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); moderately alkaline, pH 8.2; gradual smooth boundary. Combined thickness of the 2Btk horizons is 13 to 50 cm [5 to 20 in]
2Btk2--179 to 203 cm (70 to 80 in); pink (7.5YR 7/4) clay, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; hard, firm; few faint clay films on ped faces; about 25 percent by volume finely disseminated, masses, and nodules of calcium carbonate; violently effervescent (33 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); moderately alkaline, 8.1.
TYPE LOCATION: Hansford County, Texas; from the intersection of State Highway 15 and State Highway 136 in Gruver; approximately 10 miles north then 1 mile west on Highway 136; then 0.3 miles north on gravel road and 965 ft (293 m) east into the field.
USGS topographic quadrangle: Phillips Camp, Texas
Latitude: 36 degrees, 25 minutes, 15.54 seconds N
Longitude: 101 degrees, 25 minutes, 14.05 seconds W
Datum: WGS84
Decimal Degrees
Latitude: 36.4209833
Longitude: -101.4205694
UTM Northing: 4033369
UTM Easting: 282986
UTM zone 14S
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: An ustic moisture regime bordering on aridic. The soil moisture control section is dry in some or all parts for more than 180 but less than 220 days, cumulative, in normal years. July through August and December through February are the driest months. These soils are intermittently moist in September through November and March through June.
Solum thickness: More than 203 cm (more than 80 in)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 18 to 48 cm (7 to 19 in)
Thickness of the argillic horizon: 25 to 76 cm (10 to 30 in)
Depth to secondary carbonates: 13 to 51 cm (5 to 20 in)
Depth to calcic horizon: 40 to 100 cm (16 to 40 in)
Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Total clay content: 18 to 40 percent
Silicate clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Clay-sized carbonate content: 2 to 8 percent
Sand content: 5 to 25 percent
Note: sand fraction is dominated by very fine sand
Rock fragments: none
A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 or 4, 3 or less moist
Chroma: 2 or 3 moist or dry
Texture: loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Total clay content: 18 to 40 percent
Clay-sized carbonate content: 0 percent
Sand content: 3 to 30 percent
Coarse fragments: none
Identifiable calcium carbonate: none
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 4 percent
Effervescence: very slight to violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)
Bt horizons (where present):
Hue: 7.5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4 moist or dry
Texture: silty clay loam, or clay loam
Total clay content: 28 to 40 percent
Clay-sized carbonate content: 0 percent
Sand content: 5 to 25 percent
Coarse fragments: none
Identifiable calcium carbonate: none
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 4 percent
Effervescence: slight to violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)
Btk horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4 moist or dry
Texture: silty clay loam, or clay loam
Total clay content: 28 to 40 percent
Clay-sized carbonate content: 1 to 8 percent
Sand content: 5 to 35 percent
Coarse fragments: none
Identifiable calcium carbonate: amount-5 to 20 percent; size-fine to coarse; kind-films, masses, nodules, concretions, and finely disseminated carbonates
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 3 to 14 percent
Effervescence: strong or violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)
2Bkk, Bkk, 2Bk, and Bk horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR to 10YR
Value: 6 to 8, 5 to 7 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4 moist or dry
Texture: loam, silt loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, clay
Total clay content: 10 to 50 percent
Clay-sized carbonate content: 3 to 15 percent
Sand content: 10 to 40 percent
Coarse fragments: amount-0 to 10 percent, size-fine and medium gravels; kind-strongly cemented to very strongly cemented carbonate nodules and concretions
Identifiable calcium carbonates: amount-25 to 60 percent; size-fine to very coarse; kind-films, finely disseminated carbonate, masses, nodules, and concretions
Effervescence: violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline (7.4-9.0)
2Btk horizons (where present):
Hue: 7.5YR to 10YR
Value: 5 to 7, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 3 to 4 moist or dry
Texture: silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, silty clay, clay
Total clay content: 18 to 45 percent
Clay-sized carbonate content: 5 to 15 percent
Sand content: 10 to 40 percent
Coarse fragments: amount-0 to 5 percent, size-fine to medium gravels; kind-strongly cemented to very strongly cemented carbonate nodules and concretions
Identifiable calcium carbonates: amount-4 to 40 percent; size-fine to very coarse; kind-films, finely disseminated carbonate, masses, nodules, and concretions
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 45 percent
Effervescence: strong or violent
Reaction (pH): moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline (7.9-9.0)
COMPETING SERIES: This is the
Nepesta series. Similar soils include the
Texline series.
Nepesta soils: formed in alluvium, occur on paleoterraces, and occur in a slightly drier and cooler environment
Texline series: have fine-loamy particle-size class and argillic horizons with chromas of 5 or more that qualify as Paleustolls great group
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: silty calcareous loess of Pleistocene age
Landscape: High Plains
Landform: plains and interfluves
Slope: 0 to 5 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 432 to 584 mm (17 to 23 in)
Thornthwaite annual P-E Index Values: 25 to 36
Mean annual air temperature: 11.7 to 13.9 degrees C (53 to 57 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 170 to 195 days
Elevation: 701.0 to 1066.8 m (2,300 to 3,500 ft)
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Balko,
Belfon,
Bigbow,
Canina,
Conlen,
Dalhart,
Dumas,
Forgan,
Gruver,
Hansford,
Hugoton,
Kerrick,
Knoblaw,
Lautz,
Plack,
Sunray,
Twichell, and
Waka soils.
Balko
Gruver,
Perryton, and
Sherm soils: occur on similar landscape positions and have a fine particle-size class
Belfon soils: occur on slightly higher landscapes, and have a fine-loamy particle-size class with a fine or fine-silty discontinuity within 100 cm (40 in) of the soil surface
Bigbow soils: occur on slightly higher landscapes, have an ochric epipedon; and have a fine-loamy particle-size class with a fine or fine silty discontinuity within 100 cm (40 in) of the soil surface
Canina soils: occur on higher landscapes, have an ochric epipedon, and a calcic horizon within 50 cm (20 in) of the soil surface
Conlen soils: occur on lower landscape positions, have a coarse-loamy particle-size class, do not have an argillic horizon, have a calcic horizon within 50 cm (20 in) of the soil surface, and have carbonatic mineralogy
Dalhart soils: occur on slightly higher landscapes, have an ochric epipedon, and a fine-loamy particle-size class
Dumas and
Forgan soils: occur on similar landscape positions and have a fine-loamy particle-size class
Hansford,
Knoblaw, and
Lautz soils occur in lower playa landscape positions and have surface textures with more than 30 percent silicate clay, subsoils with slickensides, and occasional to frequent ponding of water.
Hugoton soils: occur on slightly higher landscape positions and have calcic horizons deeper than 100 cm (40 in) below the soil surface
Kerrick soils: occur on lower landscape positions, have a fine-loamy particle-size class, and a petrocalcic horizon within 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in) of the soil surface
Plack soils: occur on lower landscape positions, have a loamy skeletal particle-size class, and a petrocalcic horizon within 10 to 50 cm (4 to 20 in) of the soil surface
Sunray series: occur on similar landscape positions and have argillic horizons with chromas of 5 or more that qualify as Paleustolls great group
Twichell soils: occur on similar landscape positions and have surface textures with more than 30 percent silicate clay, a fine particle-size class, and slickensides within 50 cm (20 in) of the soil surface
Waka soils: occur in lower drainageway positions, have a mollic epipedon greater than 50 cm (20 in) thick, and do not have an argillic horizon
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: well drained
Permeability: moderate
Runoff: negligible on 0 to 1 percent slopes, and low on 1 to 5 percent slopes
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major uses: crop production and livestock grazing
Native Vegetation: Predominantly buffalograss and blue grama, with lesser amounts of sideoats grama, vine-mesquite, western wheatgrass, galleta, and silver bluestem.
Crops: corn, cotton, grain sorghum, and winter wheat
Ecological sites assigned to phases and components of this series are listed below. Current ecological site assignments are in Web Soil Survey. Components of this series include the following ecological sites: Limy Upland 16-24" PZ (R077AY006TX)
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General area: northwestern Oklahoma, and the Oklahoma and Texas Panhandles
Land Resource Region: H - Central Great Plains Winter Wheat and Range Region
MLRA 77A - Southern High Plains, Northern Part
Extent: Moderate
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hansford County, Texas; 2007.
REMARKS:
These soils were formerly included in the Portales and Zita series.
Many pedons, as the one in this description, have argillic horizons in the lower parts of the upper solum between 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in) that have been engulfed and destroyed by accumulation of carbonates.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 28 cm (0 to 11 in) (Ap1, Ap2 horizons)
Secondary carbonates: 28 to 203 cm (11 to 80 in) (Btk1, Btk2, 2Bkk, 2Btk1, and 2Btk2 horizons)
Argillic horizon: 28 to 84 cm (11 to 33 in) (Btk1, Btk2 horizons)
Calcic horizon: 84 to 203 cm (33 to 80 in) (2Bkk, 2Btk1, 2Btk2 horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA: KSSL data available. S1999TX195003 (TL-Hansford County, TX).
Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.