LOCATION LABLATZ WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, frigid Alfic Epiaquods
TYPICAL PEDON: Lablatz fine sandy loam, on a convex, southeast facing 2 percent slope in a hemlock forest on a knoll within a swamp at an elevation of about 890 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oa--0 to 4 inches; black (5YR 2/1) highly decomposed plant material; about 10 percent fiber; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine roots; about 5 percent sand grains; few wood charcoal fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)
E--4 to 7 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sandy loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; weak thin platy structure; very friable; many fine roots; about 5 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (1 to 4 inches thick)
Bhs--7 to 9 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) sandy loam; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine roots; few fine distinct dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) iron-manganese concretions; about 5 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)
Bs1--9 to 12 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine roots; few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; common fine prominent dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) iron-manganese concretions; about 5 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bs2--12 to 16 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine roots; common fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; many fine prominent dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) iron-manganese concretions; about 7 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thicknes of the Bs horizons is 5 to 18 inches)
E/B--16 to 22 inches; 85 percent brown (10YR 5/3) sandy loam (E), very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; weak medium platy structure; very friable; extends as tongues into reddish brown (5YR 4/4) loam (Bt); moderate fine angular blocky structure; friable; few distinct dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; common fine roots; common fine prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) and many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; many fine prominent dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) iron-manganese concretions; about 5 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
B/E--22 to 30 inches; 75 percent reddish brown (5YR 4/4) loam (Bt); moderate fine angular blocky structure; firm; common distinct dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds and many reddish brown (5YR 5/3) clay films in pores; penetrated by tongues of brown (10YR 5/3) sandy loam (E), very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; weak medium platy structure; very friable; few fine roots; common fine prominent dark red (2.5YR 3/6) and many medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; many fine prominent dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) iron-manganese concretions; about 4 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Glossic horizon - 8 to 22 inches thick)
Bt--30 to 41 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak fine angular blocky, with moderate thick plates inherited from the parent material; firm; few fine roots; many distinct dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; common fine distinct brown (7.5YR 5/2) masses of iron depletion; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; common fine and medium prominent dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) iron-manganese concretions; about 4 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 30 inches thick)
C--41 to 64 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; massive, with weak medium plates inherited from the parent material; friable; few fine roots; common fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) masses of iron depletion; common medium prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; moderately effervescent; about 4 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Menominee County, Wisconsin; about 4 miles southwest of Keshena; 1,550 feet west and 160 feet north of the southeast corner of section 30, T. 28 N., R. 15 E.; USGS Thornton quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 52' 15" N. and long. 88 degrees 43' 8" W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: (Unless otherwise stated, depth is measured from the top of the mineral soil.) Depth to the base of the argillic horizon and depth to free carbonates range from 40 to 70 inches. The weighted average clay content ranges from 8 to 18 percent and the weighted average content of fine sand or coarser ranges from 35 to 65 percent in the particle-size control section. Rock fragments are a mixture of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary. The sedimentary rocks are mostly dolomite. Volume of gravel ranges from 0 to 15 percent throughout the soil and volume of cobbles ranges from 0 to 5 percent. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to moderately acid in the upper part of the solum and very strongly acid to neutral in the lower part. Reaction is mildly or moderately alkaline in the substratum. Redox features are in the albic or spodic horizon within a depth of 20 inches. Saturation occurs within 20 inches for some time in most years.
The O horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 2 or 3; and chroma of 1 or 2. It is highly decomposed plant material.
Some pedons have a thin A horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is fine sandy loam.
The E horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2. It is fine sandy loam.
The Bhs horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 3, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam.
The Bs horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 4 to 6. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam.
Some pedons have an E' horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. Colors of 4/3 or 5/3 have value dry of 7 or more. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam.
Lablatz soils have a glossic horizon (E/B or B/E horizons, or both). The E part has color and texture like the E' horizon above. The Bt part has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 4 or 5; and chroma of 3 to 6. Typically, it is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam, but thin subhorizons of sandy clay loam are in some pedons.
The Bt horizon has color and texture like the Bt part described above.
The C horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 3 to 6. Typically, it is sandy loam or fine sandy loam, but in some pedons it is loam.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series in this family. Soils in different famlies (superactive activity class) are the Moodig, Mudlake, Pesabic, Riggsville, and Worwood series. Moodig and Mudlake soils lack carbonates in the lower part of the series control section. Mudlake soils also have a 12 to 40 inch thick silty mantle in the upper part of the series control section. Pesabic soils have dense till (Cd) at a depth of 40 to 70 inches. Riggsville soils are sandy in the upper 17 to 27 inches of the series control section. Worwood soils have more than 85 percent sand within a depth of 40 inches and have stratified loamy and sandy textures within 60 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lablatz soils are on moraines. Slope gradients range from 0 to 4 percent. Lablatz soils formed in calcareous, loamy till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 33 inches. Mean annual temperature ranges from 39 to 45 degrees F. The frost free period ranges from about 120 to 135 days. Elevation ranges from 870 to 1150 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Frechette (T), Iosco, and Wayka (T) soils. The well drained Frechette (T) soils are in a drainage sequence with Lablatz soils. The Frechette (T) soils lack a spodic horizon. The somewhat poorly drained Iosco soils are on nearby areas where there is a sandy mantle 20 to 40 inches thick over the till. The somewhat poorly drained Wayka (T) soils are on nearby areas where igneous or metamorphic bedrock is at 20 to 40 inches.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Surface runoff is slow. Permeability is moderate. Lablatz soils have a perched seasonal high water table at depths of 0.5 to 2.0 feet at some time during the period of September to June in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are mostly in woodland. Timber stands are mostly red maple, sugar maple, northern red oak, eastern hemlock, and yellow birch with American basswood, white ash, American beech, quaking aspen, and eastern white pine as associates in most stands. A few areas are cleared and used for cropland. Common crops are corn, small grain, and hay. A few areas are used for pastureland.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern Wisconsin. The area is currently included in MLRA K93. It will be included in MLRA L95A when MLRA boundaries are updated. It is on the Silver Cliff Member of the Kewaunee Formation of the Green Bay Lobe of Late Woodfordian age (12.000 BP) of Late Wisconsinian glaciation. The extent is small.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Menominee County, Wisconsin, 1999. Series name is coined.
REMARKS: Lablatz soils formerly were included with the fine-loamy Peshtigo (T) soils.
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon: ochric epipedon - 0 to 7 inches (Oa, E); albic horizon - 4 to 7 inches (E); spodic horizon - 7 to 16 inches (Bhs, Bs1, Bs2); glossic horizon - 16 to 30 inches (E/B, B/E); argillic horizon - 22 to 41 inches (B/E, Bt); base saturation of 60 percent or more throughout the argillic horizon (B/E, Bt); aquic feature - redox accumulations and saturation within a depth of 20 inches.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to soil survey number S98WI-078-936 for NSSL data on the typical pedon.