LOCATION LETON                   TX

Established Series
CLN-SEB-RM
08/2016

LETON SERIES

The Leton series consists of very deep, poorly drained, very slowly permeable soils. Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent, but is dominantly less than 0.5 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 20.5 degrees C (degrees 69 F), and mean annual precipitation is about 1397 mm (55 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, siliceous, superactive, hyperthermic Typic Glossaqualfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Leton loam--pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 15 cm, (0 to 6 in); dark gray (10YR 4/1) loam, gray (10YR 6/1) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and medium roots; few fine discontinuous pores; few lenses of uncoated sand grains less than 0.5 mm wide on surface of peds; 1 percent fine black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese nodules; 2 percent fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron along root channels; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (10 to 18 cm [4 to 7 in] thick)

Eg--15 to 58 cm, (6 to 23 in); gray (10YR 5/1) loam, light gray (10YR 7/1) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine roots; few fine pores; few lenses of uncoated sand grains less than 0.5 mm wide on surfaces of peds; 1 percent fine black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese nodules; 2 percent fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron along root channels; 5 percent medium faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions with diffuse and clear boundaries in matrix; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (11 to 46 cm [4 to 18 in] thick)

Btg/E--58 to 74 cm, (23 to 29 in); gray (10YR 5/1) clay loam (Bt) and light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loam (E); weak medium subangular blocky structure; clay loam is very hard, firm, sticky and plastic; loam is hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; few faint clay films on surfaces of peds; 25 percent albic material 5 cm (2 in) wide of gray (10YR 5/1) loam (E); 1 percent fine black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese nodules; 8 percent fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix; 12 percent medium faint gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions with diffuse boundaries in matrix; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (11 to 50 cm [5 to 20 in] thick)

Btg1--74 to 127 cm, (29 to 50 in); gray (10YR 6/1) clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; extremely hard, very firm, sticky and plastic; few fine roots; few distinct clay films on surfaces of peds; few lenses of uncoated sand grains on surfaces of peds; few crayfish krotovina; few fine black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese nodules; 15 percent medium and coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron with clear and sharp boundaries in matrix; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (38 to 91 cm [15 to 36 in] thick)

Btg2--127 to 203 cm, (50 to 80 in); gray (10YR 6/1) clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; extremely hard, very firm, sticky and plastic; 15 percent medium and coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in matrix; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Brazoria County, Texas; about 10 miles northeast of Angleton from community of Liverpool; 1.8 miles southeast on county road; 2.3 miles southwest on county road; 3.4 miles south on canal road; 200 ft north-northwest in pasture (Danbury USGS quad; Longitude: 29 degrees, 12 minutes, 56 seconds N; 95 degrees, 16 minutes, 0.6 seconds W; WGS84).

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An aquic soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 21.7 to 22.2 degrees C (71 to 72 degrees F)
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 22 to 33 percent
Sand content larger than very fine sand: 0.4 to 13 percent
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 2 to 12 percent
Cation exchange capacity to clay ratio: 0.60 to 0.75

A Horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: very fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
Clay content: 10 to 18 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-0 to 8 percent, location-lining pores, shades-brown or yellow
Redox depletions: amount-0 to 5, location-adjacent to redox concentrations, shades-gray
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-0 to 2 percent, kind-nodules
Electrial Conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 0 to 10
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid

E Horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: very fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
Clay content: 10 to 20 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-2 to 12 percent, location-lining pores, shades-brown or yellow
Redox depletions: amount-0 to 5, location-adjacent to redox concentrations, shades-gray
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-0 to 2 percent, kind-nodules
Electrical Conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 3
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 2 to 18
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral

Btg/E Horizon:
(Btg part)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
(E part)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam, loam, or silty clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 19 to 34 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-5 to 15 percent, location-lining pores, shades-brown or yellow
Redox depletions: amount-2 to 15, location-adjacent to redox concentrations, shades-gray
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-0 to 2 percent, kind-nodules
Electrical Conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 2 to 12
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral

Btg (Btkg where present) Horizon:
Hue: 10YR to N
Value: 6 or 7
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam, loam, or silty clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 22 to 39 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-5 to 25 percent, location-lining pores, shades-brown, red or yellow
Redox depletions: amount-2 to 15, location-adjacent to redox concentrations, shades-gray, green or blue
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-0 to 4 percent, kind-nodules
Secondary carbonates: amount: 0 to 5 percent; kind-nodules
Electrical Conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 4
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 0 to 15
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are no soils in the same series. Similar soils are Aris, Basile, Caddo, Calhoun, Camptown, Caneyhead, and Frost series.
Aris soils: do not have a glossic horizon
Basile, Caddo, Calhoun, Camptown, Caneyhead, and Frost soils: thermic temperature regime

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy fluviomarine sediments derived from the Beaumont Formation of Pleistocene age
Landscape: flat coastal plains
Landform: relic meander channels
Slope: 0 to 1 percent
Mean annual air temperature range: 20.0 to 22.2 degrees C (68 to 72 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation range: 1219 to 1575 mm (48 to 62 in)
Precipitation Pattern: Rainfall is fairly uniform throughout the year with slight peaks in the fall and spring months.
Frost-free period: 270 to 300 days
Elevation: 3 to 30.5 m (10 to 100 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the Aris, Algoa, Anahuac, Beaumont, Bernard, China, Edna, Kemah, League, Meaton, Mocarey, and Morey series.

Aris soils: are on a slightly higher postion on the landscape on flats.
Algoa, Anahuac, Bernard, Meaton, Mocarey and Morey soils: have a mollic epipedon; on a slightly higher position on the landscape
Beaumont, China, and League soils: clayey throughout; on flats
Edna and Kemah soils have a clayey argillic horizon; on a slightly higher landscape position.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: poorly drained; runoff is negligible; permeability is very slow; occasionally flooded for very brief to brief periods from October to May; ponded at depths of 5 to 15 cm (2 to 6 in) above the surface from October to June in normal years. These soils have endosaturation from 0 to 203 cm (0 to 80 in) below the surface during the same period.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly as wildlife habitat but a few areas are used for pasture and the production of rice. Native grasses are mainly eastern gamagrass and sedges, species of panicums, and paspalum.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeast Texas; Land Resource Region T; MLRA 150A; the series is of minor extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Brazoria County, Texas; 1978.

REMARKS: These soils were formerly included in Frost soils. The series was revised during the update of MLRA 150A.

Diagnositc horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Ochric epipedon: 0 to 58 cm (0 to 23 in) (A and Eg horizons)
Argillic horizon: 58 to 203 cm (23 to 80 in) (Btg/E and Btg horizons)
Glossic horizon: 58 to 74 (23 to 29 in)--More than 15 percent by volume albic material in the argillic (Btg/E horizon).
Aquic moisture regime: saturated and reduced for some period of time in normal years; positive reaction to a,a,dipyridyl in the upper 50 cm (20 in)

Additional Comments: Cation Exchange Capacity to clay class is supported by data on pedons S12TX2451001 and S78TX-167-001.

ADDITIONAL DATA: KSSL data from pedon S12TX2451001 and TAMU data on S78TX-167-001.

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

---

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.