LOCATION LIDA MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Mollic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Lida sandy loam, on a 10 percent slope, in a woodland area. (All colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A1--0 to 2 inches; black (10YR 2/1) sandy loam; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) dry; weak fine and medium granular structure; very friable; many very fine and fine roots; about 3 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
A2--2 to 8 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) sandy loam; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots; about 6 percent gravel; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon is 3 to 9 inches.)
E--8 to 17 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loamy sand; light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; about 8 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 14 inches thick)
Bt1--17 to 25 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) gravelly sandy loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; many faint brown (10YR 4/3) continuous clay films on faces of peds and in pores; about 16 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--25 to 36 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) gravelly loamy sand; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; common faint brown (10YR 4/3) discontinuous clay bridging on sand and gravel; about 17 percent gravel; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt3--36 to 41 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) gravelly loamy sand; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; many faint brown (10YR 4/3) continuous clay bridging on sand and gravel; about 15 percent gravel; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 3 to 30 inches.)
C--41 to 80 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly sand; single grain; loose; about 18 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Otter Tail County, Minnesota; about 4 miles northeast of Vergas; located about 1,450 feet west and 750 feet south of the northeast corner of section 5, T. 137 N., R. 40 W; USGS Vergas topographic quadrangle; lat. 46 degrees 42 minutes 53 seconds N. and long. 95 degrees 45 minutes 32 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to carbonates range from 20 to 60 inches. Volume of rock fragments range from 0 to 10 percent by volume in the A and E horizons, 2 to 20 percent in the upper Bt horizon and 10 to 35 percent in the lower Bt and C horizons. Most rock fragments are pebbles .25 to 1.5 inches in diameter. The soil moisture control section is not dry in any part for as long as 90 cumulative days in most years. Some areas have .01 to 3 percent of the surface covered by cobbles, stones, or boulders.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 to 3. It is loamy fine sand, loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or coarse sandy loam. Reaction is moderately acid to neutral.
The E horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is sand, loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, loamy fine sand, or sandy loam. Reaction is moderately acid to neutral. In cultivated areas all or parts of the E horizon have been incorporated into the Ap horizon.
Some pedons have E&Bt, BE or E/B horizons. However, the E part of the E/B horizon occupies less than 15 percent of the matrix.
The Bt horizon has a hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 5 and chroma of 3 to 6. It is sandy loam, coarse sandy loam, or their gravelly analogues. Included are subhorizons that are sandy clay loam, loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, loam, or their gravelly analogues. The argillic horizon averages between 8 to 18 percent clay and 55 to 83 sand. In some subhorizons there are more than 35 percent rock fragments but it averages less than 35 percent. The Bt horizon is composed of either continuous or discontinuous horizons or layers with a composite thickness greater than 3 inches. Reaction is moderately acid to neutral.
Some pedons have a 2Bt horizon
Some pedons have a BC or Bw horizon.
Some pedons have a Bk horizon with hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, or 7.5YR, value of 4 to 7 and chroma of 2 to 6. It is loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, sand, coarse sand, or their gravelly analogues. Reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
The C horizon has a hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, or 7.5YR, value of 4 to 7 and chroma of 2 to 6. It is sand, coarse sand or their gravelly analogues. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Boyette, Holdingford, Nitche, Rockwood, and Sybil soils. Boyette soils are dry in some or all parts of the soil moisture control section for more than 90 cumulative days in most years. The Holdingford and Rockwood soils do not have sandy or gravelly textures in the lower part of the series control section. The Nitche soils have loamy textures in the lower third of the series control section. The Sybil soils averages less than 10 percent rock fragments in the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lida soils have plane or convex slopes and formed in outwash sediments on outwash plains and moraines. Slopes range from 1 to 50 percent. Mean annual air temperature is 38 to 44 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 21 to 28 inches. Frost-free period ranges from 100 to 140 days. Elevation ranges from 1,000 to 1,800 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Almora Bluffcreek (T), Epoufette, Eagleview, Pinelake (T), Seelyeville, Sybil, and Two Inlets soils. The well drained Almora soils are on similar positions in the landscape and have a thicker loamy mantle over the sand and gravels. The moderately well drained Bluffcreek soils are on foot slopes. The somewhat excessively drained Two Inlets and Eagleview soils are on similar position in the landscape. The poorly drained Epoufette and Pinelake soils are in shallow depressions or along the edges of deep depressions of organic soils. The well drained Sybil soils are on similar positions in the landscape and formed in outwash with less rock fragments. The very poorly drained Seelyeville soils are in deep depressions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Surface runoff is low to medium. Permeability is moderately rapid in the upper part and rapid in the lower part.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cropland with scattered areas in woods. Native vegetation is aspen, oak, maple and basswood.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: West central Minnesota. Moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Becker County, Minnesota, 1994
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include: ochric epipedon--the zone from the surface to a depth of 17 inches (A1, A2 and E horizons); albic horizon--the zone from 8 to 17 inches (E horizon); argillic horizon--the zone from 17 to 41 inches (Bt horizons); mollic subgroup- based upon the dark color and thickness of the A horizon.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Record No. MN0720. Refer to Minn. Ag. Exp. Station Central File Code No. 4560 for laboratory data from a representative pedon.