LOCATION LUCKNOW SCEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Grossarenic Kandiudults
TYPICAL PEDON: Lucknow coarse sand (in an area of Lucknow-Fuquay complex, 0 to 4 percent slopes), on a smooth 1 percent slope, in a hay field. (Colors and soil properties are for moist soil, unless otherwise indicated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) coarse sand, brown (10YR 5/3), dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine and medium roots throughout and few very fine roots throughout; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)
E1--8 to 32 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sand; single grain; loose, nonsticky, nonplastic; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
E2--32 to 42 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) coarse sand; single grain; loose, nonsticky, nonplastic; common medium and coarse prominent reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of oxidized iron; very strongly acid; clear boundary. (Combined thickness of the E horizon is about 30 to 60 inches.)
Bt1--42 to 48 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loamy coarse sand; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; few distinct clay bridging between sand grains; common medium and coarse distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of oxidized iron; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--48 to 66 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) sandy clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few faint clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) and many medium prominent light gray (2.5Y 7/1) iron depletions; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt3--66 to 80 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sandy clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few faint clay films on faces of peds; many medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron and many medium prominent light gray (2.5Y 7/1) iron depletions throughout; very strongly acid. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is about 30 to 60 inches.)
TYPE LOCATION: Lee County, SC; about 1.7 miles west on West Church Street from its intersection with South Main Street in Bishopville, 1.25 miles north on Pinchum Sly Road, 3.2 miles west on Lucknow Road, 5.1 miles west on Old Camden Road, 1.0 mile northeast on Radcliff Road, 0.2 miles southeast on lane, 0.15 mile west along powerline right-of-way, 0.2 miles south on field lane, 100 feet west of lane; USGS Cassatt, SC topographic quadrangle; lat. 34 degrees 17 minutes 48 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees 23 minutes 30 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to top of Argillic horizon: 40 to 60 inches or more
Depth to base of Argillic horizon: 60 to 80 inches or more
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 80 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 40 to 72 inches, December to March
Thickness of the sandy surface and subsurface layers: Greater than 40 inches
Content and Size of Rock Fragments: 0 to 10 percent, by volume throughout, mostly fine quartz gravel
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid, except where limed
Plinthite Content: 0 to 4 percent in the Bt horizon
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
Ap horizon or A (where present):
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 7, chroma of 1 to 4
Texture--sand or coarse sand
E horizon (upper part):
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 8, chroma of 1 to 8
Texture--sand or coarse sand
E horizon (lower part):
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 8, chroma of 1 to 8
Texture--sand or coarse sand
Redoximorphic features (where present)--masses of oxidized iron in shades of red, yellow, or brown
EB or BE horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 8, chroma of 1 to 8
Texture--loamy coarse sand, loamy sand, coarse sandy loam, or sandy loam
Redoximorphic features (where present)--masses of oxidized iron in shades of red, yellow, or brown
Bt horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 8, chroma of 3 to 8
Texture--loamy coarse sand, loamy sand, coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, or sandy clay loam
Redoximorphic features (where present)--iron depletions or clay depletions in shades of brown, yellow, or gray and masses of oxidized iron in shades of red, yellow, or brown
Btg horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 8, chroma of 1 or 2, or is variegated in shades of these colors
Texture--coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, or sandy clay loam
Redoximorphic features--iron depletions or clay depletions in shades of brown, yellow, or gray and masses of oxidized iron in shades of red, yellow, or brown
COMPETING SERIES:
Troup soils--have a seasonal high water (where present) at a depth of more than 6.0 feet below the soil surface
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Middle and upper coastal plain, river valley, or sandhills
Landform: Marine terrace, stream terrace, or low hill
Geomorphic Component: Interfluve, side slope, riser, or tread
Hillslope Profile Position: Summit or shoulder
Parent Material: Fluviomarine sediments, alluvium, or eolian deposits
Slope: 0 to 25 percent
Elevation: 160 to 370 feet
Frost Free Period: 200 to 225 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 57 to 70 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation: 40 to 55 inches
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Ailey soils--have thinner sandy surface layers and subsoil with fragic soil properties underlain by densic materials
Alaga soils--do not have an argillic horizon
Alpin soils--do not have an argillic horizon and contain lamellae
Candor soils--are moderately deep to a sandy argillic horizon and are bisequal
Cowarts soils--do not have thick sandy surface layers and are moderately deep to the base of the argillic
Dothan soils--do not have thick sandy surface layers and contain more than 5 percent plinthite
Fuquay soils--have thinner sandy surface layers and contain more than 5 percent plinthite
Lakeland soils--do not have an argillic horizon
Marvyn soils--do not have thick sandy surface layers and are deep to the base of the argillic
Troup soils--have a seasonal high water (where present) at a depth of more than 6.0 feet below the soil surface
Uchee soils--have thinner sandy surface layers and are deep to the base of the argillic
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Depth Class: Very deep (greater than 80 inches)
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Somewhat excessively drained or well drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Deep or very deep (40 to 72 inches to free water), common (present 3 to 6 months), thick (greater than 40 inches)
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None or very rare or rare for brief periods
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
Index Surface Runoff: Negligible to medium
Permeability: Moderately rapid or rapid in the upper part and moderate or moderately slow in the lower part
Shrink-Swell Potential: Low
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Pasture, hayland, and woodland
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--pasture and hay. Where wooded--natural vegetation includes slash pine, longleaf pine, loblolly pine, red oak, blackjack oak, turkey oak, bluejack oak, and water oak in the overstory and chinkapin, bracken fern, highland fern, huckleberry, bluestem, and panicum in the understory.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: South Carolina and possibly Alabama, Georgia, and North Carolina
Extent: Small
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lee County, South Carolina, 2005.
REMARKS: Lucknow series soils were previously mapped as Blanton soils. Blanton soils do not have a kandic horizon.
Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 42 inches (Ap and E horizons)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 42 to 80 inches (Bt horizons)
Aquic conditions--periodic saturation and reduction in a zone starting at a depth between 40 to 72 inches to a depth of 80 inches at some time during the year (endosaturation)
Kandic horizon--the zone from 42 to 80 inches (Bt horizons)
Series control section--the zone from 0 to 80 inches
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Reference samples were analyzed and are available from the Clemson University, pedon numbers: S97SC-061-035, S97SC-061-036; S98SC-061-046; and S00SC-061-072).
Database Information:
Typical Pedon Data Mapunit ID--407780
User Pedon ID--To be developed