LOCATION LINDAAS ND+MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, frigid Typic Argiaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Lindaas silty clay loam - on a concave slope of less than 1 percent under cropland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated. Where described, the soil was moist throughout.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; hard, friable, sticky and plastic; common fine roots; common pores; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--7 to 15 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to moderate medium platy; hard, friable, sticky and plastic; common fine roots; common pores; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (Combined A horizon 9 to 17 inches)
Bt--15 to 27 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine blocky; hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; few fine roots; few pores; organic stains and clay films on faces of prisms and pores; slightly alkaline; clear irregular boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)
Bk--27 to 37 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay loam, light gray (2.5Y 7/2) dry; few fine distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) redoximorphic concentrations; weak coarse prismatic structure; slightly hard, friable, sticky and plastic; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
Cg--37 to 60 inches; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) silt loam, light gray (5Y 7/2) dry; few fine distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) and many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium platy; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; slight effervescence; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Traill County, North Dakota; about 6 miles south and 8 miles east of Hillsboro; 1,745 feet west and 290 feet north of the southeast corner, sec. 4, T. 144 N., R. 49 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to carbonates ranges from 18 to 35 inches. The mollic epipedon is more than 16 inches thick and may include part or all of the Bt horizon. LE is less than 6 cm in the upper meter.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or is neutral, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 2 or less. It is silt loam, clay loam or silty clay loam averaging 25 to 35 percent clay. It is neutral.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is silty clay or clay ranging from 35 to 60 percent clay. It is neutral or slightly alkaline. Clean sand and silt grains coat faces of peds in some pedons. In some pedons the lower part of the Bt horizon contains carbonates or distinct redox features or both.
The Bk horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 3. It has distinct or prominent redox features and is silt loam or silty clay loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
The Cg horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 4. It is silt loam, clay loam or silty clay loam. In some pedons clayey material is below a depth of 40 inches. The C horizon is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Jicarilla and Mustinka series. Jicarilla soils are somewhat poorly drained, formed in areas where precipitation is uniform throughout the year, and formed in alluvium from sandstone. Mustinka soils are underlain by till containing rock fragments at depths of 20 to 50 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lindaas soils are in shallow depressions and on broad flats on glacial lake plains, till plains and moraines. Slope gradients are 0 to 2 percent. The soils formed in calcareous silt loam, clay loam and silty clay loam glacial lake sediments or local alluvium from till. Mean annual air temperature is 36 to 45 degrees F, and the mean annual precipitation is 19 to 27 inches. Most of the moisture falls in the spring and summer. Frost-free period ranges from 90 to 135 days. Elevation above sea level ranges from 650 to 1600 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bearden, Colvin, Enloe, Overly and Perella soils. Bearden, Colvin, Overly and Perella soils do not have argillic horizons and are fine-silty. In addition, Bearden and Colvin soils have a calcic horizon within a depth of 16 inches. Bearden soils are somewhat poorly drained. Overly soils are moderately well drained. Enloe soils have albic horizons. All the associated soils are above the Lindaas soils on the landscape.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained. Runoff is ponded. Permeability is slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Cropped to small grains, row crops and legumes. The original vegetation was tall prairie grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern North Dakota and western Minnesota. The series is extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Traill County, North Dakota, 1974.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 27 inches (Ap, A and Bt horizons); argillic horizon - the zone from 15 to 27 inches (Bt horizon); features associated with wetness; chroma of 1 in the lower part of the mollic epipedon (Bt horizon) and value of 4 or more moist, hue of 2.5Y, chroma of 2, and distinct redox concentrations immediately below the mollic epipedon (Bk horizon).