LOCATION MCKRANZ SDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Aeric Calciaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: McKranz silty clay loam on a 1 percent in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak very fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 5 percent worm casts and worm holes; common fine roots; few very fine pores; 19 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
Bk1--7 to 15 inches; very dark gray (2.5Y 3/1) silty clay loam, gray (2.5Y 5/1) dry; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 25 percent worms casts and worms holes; common fine roots; common very fine pores; 27 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; disseminated calcium carbonate; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Bk2--15 to 19 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) silty clay loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 10 percent worm casts and worm holes; few very fine roots; common very fine pores; 17 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; disseminated calcium carbonate; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Bk3--19 to 34 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3) silty clay loam, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 5 percent worm casts and worm holes; common very fine pores; 16 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; common fine calcium carbonate masses; few fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions and common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) iron concentrations; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (combined Bk horizons 14 to 34 inches thick)
2C1--34 to 51 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; massive; very hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few fine calcium carbonate masses; 8 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; 5 percent gravel; common fine and medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions and common fine and medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) iron concentrations; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary
2C2--51 to 80 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y5/3) clay loam, light yellowish brown (2.5Y6/3) dry; massive; very hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few fine calcium carbonate masses; 15 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; 5 percent gravel; many medium and coarse distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions and many medium and coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR5/6) iron concentrations; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline
TYPE LOCATION: Codington County, South Dakota; about 1 miles east of Kranzburg; 575 feet north and 100 feet west of the southeast corner of section 35, T. 117 N., R. 51 W., USGS Kranzburg, South Dakota, topographical quadrangle, latitude 44 degrees 53 minutes 30 seconds N., longitude 96 degrees 54 minutes 12 seconds W., NAD83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: These soils are typically calcareous throughout, but in some pedons the upper 10 inches is leached. The thickness of the mollic epipedon ranges from 7 to 16 inches. The control section has 24 to 35 percent clay. Concentrations of gypsum crystals are in some pedons, but they are not diagnostic for the series. Typically the upper loess mantle lacks rock fragments and the underlying till has 2 to 8 percent, by volume, rock fragments. The depth to clay loam glacial till ranges from 20 to 40 inches. A pebble line 1 to 3 inches in thickness is at the glacial till contact in some pedons. Saline phases are recognized.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 2 or 3 (3 to 5 dry), and chroma of 1 or 2. It typically is silty clay loam but is silt loam in some pedons. Reaction is slightly or moderately alkaline.
The Bk horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 10YR, value of 3 to 5 (5 to 7 dry), and chroma of 2 to 4. It typically is silty clay loam but is silt loam in some pedons. It is slightly or moderately alkaline. Calcium carbonate is commonly disseminated throughout the Bk, but in some pedons an accumulations may be visible. It contains 15 to more than 30 percent calcium carbonate equivalent. Reaction is slightly or moderately alkaline. Some pedons have a 2Bk horizon with loam or clay loam textures.
The 2C horizon has hue of 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6 (5 to 7 dry), and chroma of 2 to 4. It is clay loam. Some pedons contain diagonal wedges up to 3 inches in width of sandy material. Reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Bearden, Cubden, Gunclub, and Saunders series. Bearden are varved with thin layers of sand to clay below a depth of 40 inches. Cubden soils have glacial till below 40 inches. Gunclub soils are formed in 40 to 60 inches of lacustrine sediments overlying glacial till. The Saunders soils have electrical conductivity of more than 4mmhos/cm throughout the series control section and has an annual precipitation of 10 to 14 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: McKranz soils are on plane to convex slopes with gradient of 0 to 2 percent on slight rises adjacent to upland drainageways. The soils are formed in 20 to 40 inches of calcareous loess over clay loam glacial till. Mean annual air temperature is 42 to 48 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation is 20 to 26 inches. Growing season is about 120 to 160 days; average growing season precipitation ranges from15 to 18 inches; and growing degree days are about 2500 to 3000.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Badger, Barnes, Brookings, Forestville, Hidewood, Kranzburg, and Vienna soils. The somewhat poorly drained Badger soils have a fine textured control section and are in deeper swales. The well drained Barnes, Kranzburg, and Vienna soils have a cambic horizon and are on convex slopes above the McKranz soils. The moderately well drained Brooking and Forestville soils have a mollic epipedon more than 16 inches thick and are in slightly higher positions on the landscape. The poorly drained Hidewood soils have thicker mollic epipedons and are in drainagways.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Surface runoff is low. Saturarted hydraulic conductivity, measured in cm per hour, is 1.52 to 5.10 (.6 to 2.0 inches) in the upper mantle and .51 to 1.52 (.2 to .6 inches) in the underlying glacial till. Seasonal saturation occurs as high as 16 to 20 inches during the months of April to June in years of normal precipitation.
USE AND VEGETATION: Principal crops are corn, soybeans, small grains, alfalfa and cultivated grasses. Major native grass species are big bluestem, green needlegrass, switchgrass, Indiangrass, sedges, and a variety of forbes
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern South Dakota and Southwestern Minnesota. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Codington County, South Dakota, 2006.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface to 15 inches (Ap and Bk1 horizons); calcic horizon - the zone from 7 to 34 inches (Bk1, Bk2 and Bk3 horizons);
The extent of the McKranz soil includes the areas previously mapped McIntosh on the Toronto and Brookings till plain.